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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Predictors of Access to Rehabilitation in the Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A European Prospective and Multicenter Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 814-830
    Details
    In: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 814-830
    Abstract: Although rehabilitation is beneficial for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), a significant proportion of them do not receive adequate rehabilitation after acute care. Objective Therefore, the goal of this prospective and multicenter study was to investigate predictors of access to rehabilitation in the year following injury in patients with TBI. Methods Data from a large European study (CENTER-TBI), including TBIs of all severities between December 2014 and December 2017 were used (N = 4498 patients). Participants were dichotomized into those who had and those who did not have access to rehabilitation in the year following TBI. Potential predictors included sociodemographic factors, psychoactive substance use, preinjury medical history, injury-related factors, and factors related to medical care, complications, and discharge. Results In the year following traumatic injury, 31.4% of patients received rehabilitation services. Access to rehabilitation was positively and significantly predicted by female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.50), increased number of years of education completed (OR = 1.05), living in Northern (OR = 1.62; reference: Western Europe) or Southern Europe (OR = 1.74), lower prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale score (OR = 1.03), higher Injury Severity Score (OR = 1.01), intracranial (OR = 1.33) and extracranial (OR = 1.99) surgery, and extracranial complication (OR = 1.75). On contrast, significant negative predictors were lack of preinjury employment (OR = 0.80), living in Central and Eastern Europe (OR = 0.42), and admission to hospital ward (OR = 0.47; reference: admission to intensive care unit) or direct discharge from emergency room (OR = 0.24). Conclusions Based on these findings, there is an urgent need to implement national and international guidelines and strategies for access to rehabilitation after TBI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1545-9683 , 1552-6844
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1545968320946038
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100545-X
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  • 2
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    Performance Comparison of Recycled Pavement Foundation Layers
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2509, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 29-39
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2509, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 29-39
    Abstract: This paper describes results from a study comparing the performance of side-by-side test sections of pavement foundation layers constructed with on-site recycled materials and surfaced with hot-mix asphalt (HMA). Test sections included recycled materials blended with subgrade to create a mechanically stabilized subgrade layer and recycled materials placed in an overexcavated subgrade layer. In situ falling weight deflectometer (FWD), dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP), and laboratory freeze–thaw tests were used to assess the performance of the test sections, in comparison with a control section where recycled materials were not used. Field testing was conducted at seasonal intervals over 2 years after construction, and the results were statistically analyzed with two-tailed Welch's t-tests to account for unequal variances. Findings indicated that test sections with on-site recycled materials provided improved support conditions for the pavements during both before and after freeze–thaw conditions, when compared with the control section. FWD and DCP test results indicated that recycled material blended with sub-grade showed more thaw-weakening compared with recycled material alone. Laboratory freeze–thaw test results corroborated the comparisons observed in the field test results. Correlations between FWD test measurements on the foundation layer and on the pavement yielded a statistically significant regression relationship, which indicated the importance of support conditions on the surface layer performance. Analysis of bid prices to construct the test sections indicated no statistical evidence to suggest that the unit costs for the test sections were different from one another.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2509-04
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 3
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    Randomized controlled trial of the CGRP receptor antagonist MK-3207 in the acute treatment of migraine
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Cephalalgia Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2011-04), p. 712-722
    Details
    In: Cephalalgia, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2011-04), p. 712-722
    Abstract: Background: This study evaluated the CGRP receptor antagonist MK-3207 for acute treatment of migraine. Methods: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, two-stage adaptive study with two interim efficacy analyses to facilitate optimal dose selection. Migraine patients were initially randomized to MK-3207 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg or placebo to treat a moderate/severe migraine. One or more doses were to be discontinued based on the first interim analysis and a lower or higher dose could be added based on the second interim analysis. The primary endpoint was two-hour pain freedom. Results: A total of 547 patients took study medication. After the first interim analysis, the two lowest MK-3207 doses (2.5, 5 mg) were identified as showing insufficient efficacy. Per the pre-specified adaptive design decision rule, only the 2.5-mg group was discontinued and the five highest doses (5, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg) were continued into the second stage. After the second interim efficacy analysis, a 200 mg dose was added due to insufficient efficacy at the top three (20, 50, 100 mg) doses. A positive dose-response trend was demonstrated when data were combined across all MK-3207 doses for two-hour pain freedom ( p  〈  .001). The pairwise difference versus placebo for two-hour pain freedom was significant for 200 mg ( p  〈  .001) and nominally significant for 100 mg and 10 mg ( p  〈  .05). The incidence of adverse events appeared comparable between active treatment groups and placebo, and did not appear to increase with increasing dose. Conclusions: MK-3207 was effective and generally well tolerated in the acute treatment of migraine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0333-1024 , 1468-2982
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0333102411398399
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019999-5
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  • 4
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    Detection of Traffic Pattern Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Wavelet Analysis Model at Different Signaling Positioning Frequencies
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2676, No. 8 ( 2022-08), p. 601-618
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2676, No. 8 ( 2022-08), p. 601-618
    Abstract: Signaling positioning technology provides a new opportunity to understand an individual’s travel characteristics. In recent studies, the travel parameters obtained are mainly macroscopic travel information. However, extracting detailed trip chain information, such as the trip mode and mode-switching time point, remains a challenge. Furthermore, because of the iterative development of wireless networks, existing communication operators usually store different frequencies and accuracy (2G/3G and 4G) of signaling data simultaneously, making the refined identification of travel information more difficult. Therefore, this paper proposes a new method. First, we use the shortest distance algorithm to match the signaling data with the road network. Second, a wavelet transform modulus maximum (WTMM) algorithm is proposed to divide multimodal travel trajectories into single-mode trip segments; thus, spatiotemporal information related to mode transfer can be obtained. Finally, an unsupervised fuzzy kernel c-means clustering (FKCM) algorithm is proposed to distinguish travel modes. As comparison data, smartphone GPS and travel log data are also collected to analyze the detection result and improve the method. The identification errors of mode-switching time points at different frequencies are all less than 360 s. The average correct rate of traffic mode identification for 2G is 65.1%, and the average correct rate of traffic mode identification for 3G is 78.2%. 4G intensive cellular positioning data has a significantly better recognition effect than low-frequency data; the average trip mode detection accuracy reaches 89.6%, and the mode-switching time point detection errors are within 300 s.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221084688
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Modeling Vehicle Interactions during Merge in Congested Weaving Section of Freeway Ramp
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2421, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 82-92
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2421, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 82-92
    Abstract: One major limitation of existing microscopic traffic simulation models is the lack of data about vehicle interactions during the lane-changing process in congested merging areas. The interactions between vehicles during lane changing in the congested weaving sections are quantified. A series of acceleration-deceleration models was developed for the merging vehicle, its putative leader (PL), and its putative follower (PF). After US-101 data were analyzed, the yielding behavior of the merging vehicle's PL for merging cooperation and the lateral separation between vehicles in the weaving section (features largely ignored in previous research) were introduced into the proposed acceleration—deceleration models, and visual angle data were used as the stimuli to reflect the influence of longitudinal and lateral vehicle movements. Car-following behavior was incorporated into the model (e.g., the PF gradually changed its car-following leader from the PL to the merging vehicle, dependent on relative vehicle locations). Calibrated and validated with FHWA's next generation simulation (NGSIM) program trajectory data, the proposed acceleration-deceleration models could qualitatively simulate the behavior of drivers in lane-changing maneuvers with acceptable training and testing errors. To verify the cooperative behavior of the PL in lane changing, the proposed PL acceleration-deceleration model was compared with a base car-following model. Results indicate that incorporating the effects of the merging vehicle on the PL can enhance the realism of a lane-changing model. Findings from this study can contribute to the understanding of interactions between vehicles during complex lane-changing processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2421-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 6
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    Gender- and Age-dependent Changes in Kidney Androgen Protein mRNA Expression in a Knockout Mouse Model for Nephrolithiasis
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry Vol. 50, No. 12 ( 2002-12), p. 1663-1669
    Details
    In: Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 12 ( 2002-12), p. 1663-1669
    Abstract: Kidney androgen-regulated protein (Kap) is the most abundant protein in the mouse kidney, but its function is unknown. We previously observed a significant decrease in Kap mRNA expression in whole kidney tissue from male mice with adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency and 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) nephrolithiasis. The disease phenotype is more severe in male mice and is age-dependent. To identify the cellular basis for differential Kap expression, we used in situ hybridization (ISH) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ISH (RT-PCR ISH) to identify the cell types expressing this mRNA in paraffin-embedded kidney sections. In 1-month-old wild-type male mice, Kap was detected primarily in S3 proximal tubule segments, but expression was very low in female mice. In 1-month-old APRT-deficient male mice, Kap expression was decreased significantly and was undetectable in female mice. Kap mRNA was not detected in 3- or 6-month-old mice using our standard ISH protocol, but we observed intense cytoplasmic staining in S3 proximal tubules in wild-type male mice of these age groups using an improved RT-PCR ISH procedure. Our studies demonstrate age-, gender-, and APRT genotype-dependent changes in Kap mRNA expression in mouse kidney. Kap expression is under multihormonal control, and hormonal changes in DHA-induced nephrolithiasis may account for the decreased Kap expression in APRT-deficient mice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1554 , 1551-5044
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/002215540205001211
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1421306-0
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  • 7
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    The Way We Were: Command-and-Control Centres in the Global Space-Economy on the Eve of the 2008 Geo-Economic Transition
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 7-12
    Details
    In: Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, SAGE Publications, Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 7-12
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0308-518X , 1472-3409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1068/a41318
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039728-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 750312-X
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  • 8
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    GPS and Acceleration Data in Multimode Trip Data Recognition Based on Wavelet Transform Modulus Maximum Algorithm
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2526, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 90-98
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2526, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 90-98
    Abstract: The GPS-based travel survey is an emerging data collection method in transportation planning. The survey's application in trip mode detection has been explored in many studies. Most research on trip mode detection methods based on GPS data has been developed and tested with data collected from European and American countries. The methods cannot be easily adapted to Asian countries such as China, India, and Japan, which have much higher population densities, more complex road networks, and highly mixed travel modes during daily commuting. Furthermore, for trip segment division in multimode travel, existing algorithms use travel time and distance thresholds that are highly dependent on local travel behavior and lack universality across traffic environments. This paper proposes an innovative framework for detecting trip modes in complex urban environments. First, a smartphone application, GPSurvey, was developed to collect passive GPS trace data. Then a wavelet transform modulus maximum algorithm was developed for trip segment division. The algorithm has outstanding capabilities for identifying singularity features of a signal; this factor suits the task of detecting mode changes in a complex traffic environment. A neural network module was developed for mode detection on the basis of cell phone GPS location and acceleration data. The results indicate that the proposed method has promising performance. The average absolute detection error of mode transfer time was within 1 min, and the accuracy for detecting all modes was greater than 85%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2526-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 9
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    Arterial Traffic Flow Estimation Based on Vehicle-to-Cloud Vehicle Trajectory Data Considering Multi-Intersection Interaction and Coordination
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2673, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 68-83
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2673, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 68-83
    Abstract: Conventional detection methods for intersection traffic flow heavily rely on fixed-location inductive loop, video image processing, infared, and microwave radar detectors. The emerging connected vehicles (CV) technologies can potentially reduce such dependencies on conventional vehicle detectors with the vehicle-to-cloud (V2C) CV data. This paper proposes an analytical method for traffic flow estimation in urban arterial corridors based on CV trajectories collected through V2C communication. Different from the existing single-intersection models, the proposed model considers traffic states and the traffic signal coordination among adjacent intersections, therefore, can capture the delay and queuing dynamics in arterial corridors. The queue spillback phenomenon is explicitly considered by applying the shockwave theory. The proposed model is evaluated based on real-world vehicle trajectory data from the DiDi platform collected on an arterial network in Chengdu, China with a penetration rate of less than 10% of the overall traffic. The flow estimation results are compared with traffic counts collected from video detectors. The model parameters are calibrated with more than 300,000 GPS points during a typical workday and tested on a different workday. The evaluation results show a mean absolute percentage error within the range of 4–7% among all intersections, outperforming the results generated by the existing single-intersection model. The results indicate the promising potential of using the proposed methods to evaluate intersection performance without heavy investment in on-site detectors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198119842826
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
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    Location-Based Social Networking Data : Exploration into Use of Doubly Constrained Gravity Model for Origin–Destination Estimation
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2430, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 72-82
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2430, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 72-82
    Abstract: Trip distribution is an invaluable portion of the transportation planning process; this distribution leads to the creation of origin–destination (O-D) matrices. Location-based social networking (LBSN) has increased in popularity and sophistication and has emerged as a new travel demand data source. Users of LBSN provide location-sensitive data interactively with mobile devices, including smartphones and tablets. These data can provide O-D estimates with significantly higher temporal resolution at a much lower cost in comparison with traditional methods. An LBSN O-D estimation model based on the doubly constrained gravity model was proposed to improve a previously proposed model based on the singly constrained gravity model. The proposed methodology was calibrated and comparatively evaluated against the O-D matrix generated by the method based on the singly constrained gravity model as well as a reference matrix from the local metropolitan planning organization. The results of this method illustrate significant improvement in reducing the O-D estimation errors caused by the sampling bias from the method based on the singly constrained gravity model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2430-08
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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