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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Two New Labdane-type Diterpenes from the Wood of Cunninghamia konishii
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Abstract: Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the wood of Cunninghamia konishii resulted in the isolation of two new acidic labdane-type diterpenoids, 12( S)-hydroxy-15,16-epoxylabda-8(17),13-dien-19-oic acid (1) and 12( S)-hydroxy-15,16-epoxylabda-8(17),13-dien-18-oic acid (2), along with one known labdane-type diterpene, 7,13 E-labdadien-15-ol (3). Their structures were determined by analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with the data of known analogues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1400900816
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 2
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    A New Bithiophene from the Root of Echinops grijsii
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2015-12), p. 1934578X1501001-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2015-12), p. 1934578X1501001-
    Abstract: A new bithiophene, 5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-butyny)-2,2′-bithiophene (1), and sixteen known thiophenes: 2-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-5-(penta-1,3-diynyl)thiophene (2), α-terthienyl (3), 5-(3,4-dihydroxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (4), 5-acetyl-2,2′-bithiophene (5), 5-formyl-2,2′-bithiophene (6), methyl 2,2′-bithiophene-5-carboxylate (7), 5-(but-3-en-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (8), 5-(4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (9), cardopatine (10), isocardopatine (11), 5-(3-hydroxy-4-isovaleroyloxybut-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (12), 5-(3-hydroxymethyl-3-isovaleroyloxyprop-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (13), 5-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (14), 5-(4-acetoxy-1-butynl)-2,2′-bithiophene (15), 2,2′-bithiophene-5-carboxylic acid (16) and 2-(4-hydroxybut-1-ynyl)-5-(penta-1,3-diynyl)thiophene (17) were isolated from the roots of Echinops grijisii Hance. Among them, compounds 6, 7 and 16 were isolated from a natural source for the first time. Compounds 2, 4 and 14 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity against nitrite of LPS-stimulated production in the RAW 264.7 cell line.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1501001234
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2430442-6
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Anti-proliferation Effect on Human Breast Cancer Cells via Inhibition of pRb Phosphorylation by Taiwanin E Isolated from Eleutherococcus trifoliatus
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2014-09), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2014-09), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Abstract: Eleutherococcus trifoliatus has been used as a folk medicine since ancient times, especially as refreshing qi medicines. In our current study, taiwanin E, which possesses strong cytotoxicity, was isolated from the branches of E. trifoliatus by using a bioactivity guided fractionation procedure. Taiwanin E presented a potent anti-proliferation activity on the growth of a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), with an IC 50 value for cytotoxicity of 1.47 μM. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the proportion of cells in the G 0 /G 1 phase increased in a dose-dependent manner (from 79.4% to 90.2%) after 48 h exposure to taiwanin E at a dosage range from 0.5 to 4μM. After treatment with taiwanin E, phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) in MCF-7 cells was inhibited, accompanied by a decrease in the levels of cyclin D 1 , cyclin D 3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4) and cdk6; in addition, there was an increase in the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 WAF-1/Cip1 and p27 Kip1 . The results suggest that taiwanin E inhibits cell cycle progression of MCF-7 at the G 0 /G 1 transition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1400900921
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Dietary Indigenous Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum osmophloeum ) Leaf Powder Reduces Plasma Lipid in Hypercholesterolemia Hamsters
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2019-07), p. 1934578X1986066-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2019-07), p. 1934578X1986066-
    Abstract: Indigenous cinnamon ( Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh) is a native tree species in Taiwan and has been reported to have various bioactivities including insecticidal, larvicidal, and antimicrobial effects. The chemical finger print of C. osmophloeum is similar to that of commercial cinnamon species with lower coumarin content. The present study was aimed to investigate the antidyslipidemia effects of indigenous cinnamon ( Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh) leaf powder (CoLP) on hypercholesterolemia hamsters. Hyperlipidemia was induced by high-cholesterol (HChol) diet for 4 weeks. Two percent and 5% CoLP, and gemfibrozil (positive control; 0.25%) were administered for 10 weeks following HChol diet. Control groups were fed with normal diet (ND) or ND+5% CoLP. Behavioral, physiological, and serum biochemical parameters were determined. We found that oral administration of CoLP for 10 weeks significantly reduced the HChol-induced increase of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels in plasma of hamsters. In addition, HChol-induced elevation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels was significantly reversed by CoLP in a dose-dependent manner, whereas blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were unaffected. Further standard diagnostic tests support that consumption of CoLP did not show any behavioral and morphological changes in hamsters. Furthermore, chemical composition analysis revealed that two new flavanol glycosides, kaempferol-3- O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-arabinofuranosyl-7- O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (4) and kaempferol-3- O-β -d-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-arabinofuranoside (5) along with 4 known flavonoid glycosides were identified in leaves of C. osmophloeum. Taken together, these results concluded that CoLP possessed strong antidyslipidemic effects. Therefore, C. osmophloeum leaves could be a safe food supplement for treating hypercholesterolemia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X19860667
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Ethanol Extracts of Dietary Herb, Alpinia nantoensis , Exhibit Anticancer Potential in Human Breast Cancer Cells
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Integrative Cancer Therapies Vol. 18 ( 2019-01), p. 153473541986692-
    Details
    In: Integrative Cancer Therapies, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18 ( 2019-01), p. 153473541986692-
    Abstract: Recent advances in mammography screening, chemotherapy, and adjuvant treatment modalities have improved the survival rate of women with breast cancer. Nevertheless, the breast tumor with metastatic progression is still life-threatening. Indeed, combination therapy with Ras-ERK and PI3K inhibitors is clinically effective in malignant breast cancer treatment. Constituents from genus Alpinia plants have been implicated as potent anticancer agents in terms of their efficacy of inhibiting tumor cell metastasis. In this study, we tested the effects of ethanol extracts of Alpinia nantoensis (rhizome, stem, and leaf extracts) in cultured human breast cancer cells and particularly focused on the Ras-ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. We found that the rhizome and leaf extracts from A nantoensis inhibited cell migration, invasion, and sphere formation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The potency was extended with the inhibition of serum-induced PI3K/AKT and Ras-ERK activation and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated EGFR activation in MDA-MB-231 cells. These results indicate that extracts of A nantoensis could inhibit signal transduction at least involved in EGFR as well as the PI3K/AKT and Ras-ERK pathways, which are crucial players of tumor cell migration and invasion. Our study strongly supports that the extracts of A nantoensis could be a novel botanical drug lead for the development of an antimetastatic agent for the treatment of human malignant breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1534-7354 , 1552-695X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1534735419866924
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2101248-9
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  • 6
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    Goal-Driven Beam Setting Optimization for Whole-Breast Radiation Therapy
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment Vol. 18 ( 2019-01-01), p. 153303381985866-
    Details
    In: Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18 ( 2019-01-01), p. 153303381985866-
    Abstract: To develop an automated optimization program to generate optimal beam settings for whole-breast radiation therapy driven by clinically oriented goals. Materials and Methods: Forty patients were retrospectively included in this study. Each patient’s planning images, contoured structures of planning target volumes, organs-at-risk, and breast wires were used to optimize for patient-specific–beam settings. Two beam geometries were available tangential beams only and tangential plus supraclavicular beams. Beam parameters included isocenter position, gantry, collimator, couch angles, and multileaf collimator shape. A geometry-based goal function was defined to determine such beam parameters to minimize out-of-field target volume and in-field ipsilateral lung volume. For each geometry, the weighting in the goal function was trained with 10 plans and tested on 10 additional plans. For each query patient, the optimal beam setting was searched for different gantry-isocenter pairs. Optimal fluence maps were generated by an in-house automatic fluence optimization program for target coverage and homogeneous dose distribution, and dose calculation was performed in Eclipse. Automatically generated plans were compared with manually generated plans for target coverage and lung and heart sparing. Results: The program successfully produced a set of beam parameters for every patient. Beam optimization time ranged from 10 to 120 s. The automatic plans had overall comparable plan quality to manually generated plans. For all testing cases, the mean target V 95% was 91.0% for the automatic plans and 88.5% for manually generated plans. The mean ipsilateral lung V 20Gy was lower for the automatic plans (15.2% vs 17.9%). The heart mean dose, maximum dose of the body, and conformity index were all comparable. Conclusion: We developed an automated goal-driven beam setting optimization program for whole-breast radiation therapy. It provides clinically relevant solutions based on previous clinical practice as well as patient specific anatomy on a substantially faster time frame.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1533-0346 , 1533-0338
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1533033819858661
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2146365-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220436-2
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    New Abietane-type Diterpenoids from the Bark of Cryptomeria japonica
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 1934578X1901400-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 1934578X1901400-
    Abstract: Two new abietane-type diterpenoids, 15-hydroxy-12- O-methylsugiol (1) and 2a-hydroxy-12- O-methylsugiol (2) were isolated from the methanol extract of the bark of Cryptomeria japonica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison of NMR data with those of known analogues. Compounds 2 showed 13.5% inhibition towards xanthine oxidase enzyme at the concentration of 75 μM
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1901400125
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Activities of Polyacetylene from Dendropanax dentiger
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2014-11), p. 1934578X1400901-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2014-11), p. 1934578X1400901-
    Abstract: Dendropanax dentiger has been used as a folk medicine since ancient times. In our current study, we observed that D. dentiger exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity, which could efficiently inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage inflammation assay. (9 Z,16 S)-16-Hydroxy-9,17-octadecadiene-12,14-diynoic acid (HODA) was isolated from the leaves of D. dentiger following a bioactivity guided fractionation protocol. Our data indicated that HODA significantly inhibited the NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells (IC 50 = 4.28 μM). Consistent with these observations, the mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS were also inhibited by HODA in a dose-dependent manner. HODA also reduced the translocation of NF-κB into nuclear fractions. Meanwhile, HODA enhanced Nrf-2 activation and its downstream antioxidant gene HO-1. We concluded that HODA possessed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity; the compound may have a potential for development as a chemoprevention agent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1400901115
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Hinoki and Meniki Essential Oils on Human Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Mood States
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 1934578X1501000-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 1934578X1501000-
    Abstract: Meniki ( Chamecyparis formosensis) and Hinoki ( C. obtusa) are precious conifers with excellent wood properties and distinctive fragrances that make these species popular in Taiwan for construction, interiors and furniture. In the present study, the compositions of essential oils prepared from Meniki and Hinoki were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-six compounds were identified from the wood essential oil of Meniki, including 5-cadinene, y-cadinene, 5-cadinol, α-muurolene, calamenene, linalyl acetate and myrtenol; 29 compounds were identified from Hinoki, including α-terpineol, α-pinene, 8-cadinene, borneol, terpinolene, and limonene. Next, we examined the effect of Meniki and Hinoki essential oils on human autonomic nervous system activity. Sixteen healthy adults received Meniki or Hinoki by inhalation for 5 min, and the physiological and psychological effects were examined. After inhaling Meniki essential oil, participant's systolic blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were decreased, and diastolic blood pressure increased. In addition, sympathetic nervous activity (SNS) was significantly decreased, and parasympathetic activity (PSNS) was significantly increased. On the other hand, after inhaling Hinoki essential oil, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and PSNS were decreased, whereas SNA was increased. Indeed, both Meniki and Hinoki essential oils increased heart rate variability (HRV) in tested adults. Furthermore, in the Profile of Mood States (POMS) test, both Meniki and Hinoki wood essential oils stimulated a pleasant mood status. Our results strongly suggest that Meniki and Hinoki essential oils could be suitable agents for the development of regulators of sympathetic nervous system dysfunctions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1501000742
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 10
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    New Furanone and Sesquiterpene from the Pericarp of Calocedrus formosana
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2015-06), p. 1934578X1501000-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2015-06), p. 1934578X1501000-
    Abstract: One new γ-lactone, namely calolactone (1), together with one new drimane-type sesquiterpene, namely caloterpene (2), were isolated from the pericarp of Calocedrus formosana Florin. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1501000611
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2430442-6
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