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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Three-Dimensional Kinematics during the Take-Off Phase in Competitive Long Jumping
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2013-06), p. 395-406
    Details
    In: International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2013-06), p. 395-406
    Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to identify the relationships among selected kinematic variables that affect the take-off phase and performance in elite jumpers. The jump distance was found to be related to: I) the athlete's approach speed before the instant of touch down; and ii) the exchange in spatial velocity components at take-off, which results in a gain in maximum vertical velocity of the centre of mass (CM), favoured by the use of an optimum touch-down angle of the take-off leg, an active landing of the foot at touch-down, and a motion of the take-off leg during the compression phase that helps to manage the loss of horizontal velocity. Nonetheless, the results show that an adequate velocity transformation requires an adaptive technical model to help jumpers to build an efficient individual technical pattern.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1747-9541 , 2048-397X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1260/1747-9541.8.2.395
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2237333-0
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  • 2
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    A novel system for tracking iron golf clubheads
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 233, No. 1 ( 2019-03), p. 59-66
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 233, No. 1 ( 2019-03), p. 59-66
    Abstract: The importance of iron play to scoring in golf is widely recognised. To better understand this relationship, accurate, yet unobtrusive measurement techniques are required to capture information about the collision between the golf club and ball. This article presents a method for tracking an iron clubhead prior to impact with the ball. Using repeated shots by a golf robot with a 5-iron and 9-iron, the system reliably measured clubhead speed (standard deviation ≤ 0.5 mile/h), face angle (≤0.2°), club path (≤0.2°), effective loft (≤0.5°), attack angle (≤0.1°) and effective lie (≤0.3°). Impact position was within a standard deviation ≤ 0.6 mm for repeated shots. Absolute accuracy of horizontal impact position at initial contact was 〈 1 mm, whereas a systematic offset of up to 4 mm was found for vertical impact position compared to tests using impact location tape. This offset was dependent on the loft of the club and could be explained by the interaction between ball and club during contact. In addition, a unique feature of the algorithm is presented which categorises impacts commonly known as ‘top’, ‘thin’, ‘good’ or ‘heavy’ shots, which is facilitated through tracking of the bottom edge of the clubhead using virtual markers. Hence, this tracking system is presented as a novel solution to accurately measure clubhead presentation and initial ball impact location for irons.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1754337118792798
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of the delivery plane in the golf swing using principal components
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 232, No. 4 ( 2018-12), p. 295-304
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 232, No. 4 ( 2018-12), p. 295-304
    Abstract: Although the swing plane has been a popular area of golf biomechanics research, the movement of the club relative to the swing plane has yet to be shown experimentally to have a relationship with performance. This study used principal component and subsequent multiple regression analysis to investigate the relationship between the movement of the club relative to the delivery plane and clubhead characteristics at ball impact. The principal components reflected deviations from an individual swing plane, and lower values of these components were associated with less variability in the clubface impact location. In the event that a golf coach wants to improve the precision of ball striking, the results from this study suggest that both simplicity of the route and alignment of the club to the final trajectory before impact could be advantageous. However, this does not suggest that the technique should be based on a ‘model’ swing plane.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1754337117751729
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The relationships between driver clubhead presentation characteristics, ball launch conditions and golf shot outcomes
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 228, No. 4 ( 2014-12), p. 242-249
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 228, No. 4 ( 2014-12), p. 242-249
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of clubhead presentation on golf ball launch conditions and the subsequent shot outcome. Clubhead presentation was measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system for both male and female golfers across a range of skill levels. A Doppler radar was used to track the golf ball during its flight, yielding speed, launch angles, spin rate and distance. Importantly, the measurements of clubhead and ball quantities were taken independently so that any inter-relationships could be evaluated without recourse to any preconceived models. This article provides values for the median launch conditions and shot outcome, and the associated variability in these quantities for golfers was grouped by handicap category and gender. It was shown that the variability in certain outcome quantities was more linked to golfing ability than others. Linear regression was used to demonstrate that differences in clubhead presentation resulted in changes to ball launch conditions as one might expect from physical analysis. Furthermore, the link between the variability in clubhead presentation and the variability in shot outcome was demonstrated. In particular, the importance of impact location variability in determining launch angle and total distance variability was shown.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1754337114541884
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differences in the structure of variability in ground reaction force trajectories provide additional information about variability in the golf swing
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 232, No. 4 ( 2018-12), p. 375-384
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 232, No. 4 ( 2018-12), p. 375-384
    Abstract: The study presents a novel application of measures of the structure of variability to ground reaction force trajectories and highlights the use of such measures to provide valuable information about coordination of the golf swing. The variability and regularity of ground reaction force trajectories were quantified for iron and driver shots from three participants with different skill levels. Pointwise median absolute deviation was used to indicate the variability of ground reaction force trajectories across their length, and two alternative methodologies, sample entropy and cross-sample entropy, were used to determine their regularity. For both driver and iron shots, results showed that while there was no difference in the magnitude of variability between any of the participants, there were differences in the structure of this variability. In general, the ground reaction force of the highest skilled participant was significantly more regular than that of the lesser skilled golfers. However, differences occurred across the various components of ground reaction force. Thus, entropy measures can provide additional valuable information concerning dissimilarities among golfers of various skill levels and may indicate differences in neuromuscular system coordination during the golf swing. This study highlights the importance of considering the structure of variability, as well as its magnitude, and describes methods which could be applied to further investigations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1754337118772418
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 6
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    Predicting golf ball launch characteristics using iron clubhead presentation variables and the influence of mishits
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology Vol. 236, No. 2 ( 2022-06), p. 124-133
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 236, No. 2 ( 2022-06), p. 124-133
    Abstract: In golf, it is well understood that the interaction between the clubhead and ball determines the initial ball launch conditions. Specific knowledge regarding these relationships for iron clubs, particularly when clubhead and turf interactions are considered, would be both novel and of benefit to practitioners. Linear regression analysis was used to determine relationships between selected clubhead presentation and shot outcome variables for a sample of 1127 ‘5-iron’ shots hit from natural turf by 96 golfers. As expected, clubhead speed was the most significant predictor of ball speed, with obliquity of impact and eccentricity of the impact location making smaller, yet statistically significant contributions. Marginally ‘fat’ strikes, whereby the leading edge of the clubhead was only slightly beneath the ground at impact, appeared to have a lesser effect than expected in terms of ball speed. Effective loft was found to be the strongest predictor of vertical launch angle, whilst clubhead speed and spin loft had the greatest influence in the model for predicting total spin; inclusion of ‘thin’ strikes (i.e. those struck with the leading edge) appeared to create a non-linear element to these models and consequently overestimated the influence of vertical impact location in both cases. These findings suggest that determination of impact location, particularly for instances whereby ball contact is not wholly on the club face, is critical in research concerning irons. Overall, this study makes an original contribution to the understanding of 5-iron shot outcomes based on clubhead presentation characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1754337120987857
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Practical Approaches and Knowledge Gaps in the Care for Children With Leukodystrophies
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Child Neurology Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 65-78
    Details
    In: Journal of Child Neurology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 65-78
    Abstract: Leukodystrophies are a group of neurodegenerative genetic disorders that affect approximately 1 in 7500 individuals. Despite therapeutic progress in individual leukodystrophies, guidelines in neurologic care are sparse and consensus among physicians and caregivers remains a challenge. At patient advocacy meetings hosted by Hunter’s Hope from 2016-2018, multidisciplinary experts and caregivers met to conduct a literature review, identify knowledge gaps and summarize best practices regarding neurologic care. Stages of severity in leukodystrophies guided recommendations to address different levels of need based on a newly defined system of disease severity. Four core neurologic domains prioritized by families were identified and became the focus of this guideline: sleep, pain, seizures/epilepsy, and language/cognition. Based on clinical severity, the following categories were used: presymptomatic, early symptomatic, intermediate symptomatic, and advanced symptomatic. Across the leukodystrophies, neurologic care should be tailored to stages of severity while accounting for unique aspects of every disease and multiple knowledge gaps present. Standardized tools and surveys can help guide treatment but should not overburden families.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-0738 , 1708-8283
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0883073820946154
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2068710-2
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  • 8
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    Home Dialysis Utilization among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States at the National, Regional, and State Level
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 21-29
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 21-29
    Abstract: United States Renal Data System (USRDS) data from 2014 show that African Americans (AA) are underrepresented in the home dialysis population, with 6.4% versus 9.2% utilization in the general populace. This racial disparity may be inaccurately ascribed to the nation as a whole if regional and inter-state variability exists. This investigation sought to examine home dialysis utilization by minority Medicare beneficiary populations across the US nationally, regionally, and by individual state. Methods The 2012 Medicare 100% Outpatient Standard Analytic File was used to identify all Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) patients, with state of residence and race, receiving an outpatient dialysis facility bill type. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD) patients were identified using revenue and condition codes and were defined by having at least one claim during the year that met criteria for the category. Beneficiaries were counted once for each modality used that year. A home dialysis utilization ratio (UR) was calculated as the ratio of the proportion of a minority on PD or HHD within a geographic division to the proportion of Caucasians on PD or HHD within the same geographic division. A UR less than 1.00 indicated under-representation while a UR over 1.00 indicated over-representation. Utilization ratios were compared using a Poisson regression model. Results A total of 369,164 Medicare FFS dialysis patients were identified. Within the total cohort, AA were the most underrepresented minority on PD (UR 0.586; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.585 – 0.586; p 〈 0.0001), followed by Hispanics (UR 0.744; 95% CI 0.743 – 0.744; p 〈 0.0001). The underutilization of PD by AA and Hispanics could not be ascribed to any region of the US, as all regions of the US had UR 〈 1.00. Only Massachusetts had a UR 〉 1.00 for AA on PD. Peritoneal dialysis UR values for Asians and those self-identified as Other were 0.954; 95% CI 0.953 – 0.954 and 0.932; 95% CI 0.931 – 0.932, respectively. Nationally, all minorities utilized HHD less than Caucasians. However, more variability existed, with Asians utilizing more HHD than Caucasians in the Midwest. Conclusions Although regional and interstate variability exists, there is near universal under-representation of AA and Hispanics in the home dialysis population, while Asians and Other demonstrate more interregional and interstate variability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00025
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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  • 9
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    A retrospective analysis of catheter-based thrombolytic therapy for acute submassive and massive pulmonary embolism
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Vascular Medicine Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2015-04), p. 122-130
    Details
    In: Vascular Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2015-04), p. 122-130
    Abstract: Catheter-based thrombolysis (CBT) is emerging as an option for acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Although prior studies have demonstrated improvement in right ventricular function, little data is available regarding clinical patient outcomes. Our institution adopted CBT as an option for patients with submassive and massive PE and we evaluated its effect on patient outcomes. Two hundred and twenty-one patients who presented to our institution with submassive and massive PE were analyzed over three years by time period; 102 prior to the use of CBT and 119 during the time CBT was performed. The primary outcome was in-hospital major adverse clinical events (a composite of death, recurrent embolism, major bleeding, or stroke). Secondary outcomes were overall and ICU length of stay and individual components of the composite outcome. Mean age was 56.3±16 years with high rates of central PE (57.9%), RV dysfunction (37%), and myocardial necrosis (26%). Mean RV/LV ratio was 1.2. Thirty-two patients were treated with CBT. The composite endpoint occurred more frequently in the CBT era vs the pre-CBT era (21.0% vs 14.7%, p=0.23). After multivariate adjustment, CBT treatment demonstrated no effect on major adverse clinical events (OR 0.84, CI 0.22–3.22, p=0.80). CBT era patients had an unadjusted 37% increase in ICU days and 54% increase in total length of stay ( p 〈 0.001). Within the CBT era, CBT treatment resulted in an adjusted 190% increase in overall length of stay ( p 〈 0.001). CBT did not demonstrate improvement in hospital outcomes, despite adjustments of PE severity, and was associated with a significant increase in overall and ICU length of stay.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1358-863X , 1477-0377
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1358863X14568135
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027562-6
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  • 10
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    Pharmacist Survey: Pharmacist Perception of Vancomycin Area Under the Curve Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Pharmacy Practice Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2021-04), p. 272-278
    Details
    In: Journal of Pharmacy Practice, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2021-04), p. 272-278
    Abstract: Evidence suggests the standard vancomycin trough goal of 15 to 20 mg/L for serious Staphylococcus aureus infections is associated with acute kidney injury, whereas appropriate monitoring of 24-hour area under the curve (AUC) may decrease nephrotoxicity. As a result, institutions have transitioned to AUC monitoring, the predictive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameter of vancomycin to improve safety outcomes. However, this method may require increased pharmacist time and effort. Pharmacist perception of the practice change is largely unknown and warrants investigation. Methods: An electronic survey was disseminated via e-mail to pharmacists 5 months post-AUC implementation. Items of interest were focused on pharmacist perception, including quantity of patients monitored using AUC, justification of the practice change, differences in efficacy and safety, and changes in monitoring time requirements. Results: The pharmacist survey was distributed to 196 pharmacists and 84 responded (43% response rate). Eighty-one pharmacists had monitored patients using AUC methods. Sixty-nine percent of these respondents perceived the change to result in increased or slightly increased patient safety, 27% described no difference, and 4% stated safety was decreased or slightly decreased. Forty-two percent perceived the transition to result in increased or slightly increased efficacy, while 48% noted no difference and 10% responded that efficacy was decreased or slightly decreased. Pharmacists stated the creation of an institutional calculator decreased the time required to calculate AUC. Conclusion: After the change to AUC monitoring, pharmacists perceived improvements in safety outcomes while efficacy was at least similar if not increased.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0897-1900 , 1531-1937
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0897190019867494
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2131091-9
    SSG: 15,3
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