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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between vitamin D and myopia in adolescents and young adults: Evidence of national cross-sectional study
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  European Journal of Ophthalmology Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 1883-1891
    Details
    In: European Journal of Ophthalmology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 1883-1891
    Abstract: Studies have indicated that the observed association between vitamin D and myopia was confounded by time spent outdoors. This study aimed to elucidate this association using a national cross-sectional dataset. Methods Participants with 12 to 25 years who participated in non-cycloplegic vision exam from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2008 were included in the present study. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent of any eyes ≤ −0.5 diopters (D). Results 7,657 participants were included. The weighted proportion of emmetropes, mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia were 45.5%, 39.1%, 11.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, TV/computer usage, and stratified by education attainment, every 10 nmol/L increment of serum 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a reduced risk of myopia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.96, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.93–0.99 for any myopia; OR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.93–1.00 for mild myopia; OR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.97–1.01 for moderate myopia; OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.84–0.95 for high myopia). Serum 25(OH)D level was closely correlated with time spent outdoors. After categorizing time spent outdoors into quarters (low, low-medium, medium-high, and high), every 1 quarter increment of time spent outdoors was associated with 2.49 nmol/L higher serum 25(OH)D concentration. After adjusting for time spent outdoors, serum 25(OH)D level did not show significant association with myopia (OR = 1.01, 95%CI 0.94–1.06 for 10 nmol/L increment). Conclusions The association between high serum vitamin D and reduced risk of myopia is confounded by longer time spent outdoors. Evidence from the present study does not support that there is a direct association between serum vitamin D level with myopia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1120-6721 , 1724-6016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/11206721231161498
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475018-1
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  • 2
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    Timing of recanalization and outcome in ischemic-stroke patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Acta Radiologica Vol. 56, No. 9 ( 2015-09), p. 1119-1126
    Details
    In: Acta Radiologica, SAGE Publications, Vol. 56, No. 9 ( 2015-09), p. 1119-1126
    Abstract: Intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke 〈 3 h of symptom onset. Purpose To determine the impact of the timing and degree of recanalization on clinical outcome after rtPA infusion in patients. Material and Methods Seventy-five patients with ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory treated with intravenous rtPA within 3 h were studied consecutively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), before, 6 h, and 24 h after thrombolytic therapy was undertaken. Depending on the MRA results acquired 6 h after rtPA infusion, recanalization was graded as: early recanalization (ER), delayed recanalization (DR), and no recanalization (NR). Clinical outcome was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results Of patients in the ER, DR and NR groups, 71.4% (15/21), 13.3% (2/15), and 30.7% (12/39), respectively, showed dramatic improvement in NIHSS score 7 days after rtPA administration compared with those scores upon hospital admission. The 6-h and 24-h NIHSS scores and 3-month mRS scores of ER patients were significantly lower than those of the other two groups ( P  〈  0.05). The 24-h, 7-d NHISS and mRS scores of DR patients were significantly higher than NR patients ( P = 0.001, 0.002, 0.049, respectively). Three patients in the DR group died during follow-up. Conclusion These data suggest that DR is associated with clinical deterioration. Patients treated with rtPA thrombolysis should be under close observation for 6–24 h. Corresponding treatment should be considered once DR appears.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0284-1851 , 1600-0455
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0284185114545151
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024579-8
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  • 3
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    A research of sliding mode control method with disturbance observer combining skyhook model for active suspension systems
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Vibration and Control Vol. 26, No. 11-12 ( 2020-06), p. 952-964
    Details
    In: Journal of Vibration and Control, SAGE Publications, Vol. 26, No. 11-12 ( 2020-06), p. 952-964
    Abstract: Based on a nonlinear two-degree-of-freedom model of active suspension systems, an approach of the sliding mode control with disturbance observer combining skyhook model sliding mode control with disturbance observer combining is proposed for improving the performance of active suspension systems, and the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by the active suspension system plant. Two problems of active suspension systems are solved by using the proposed approach when the tire is excited by the step displacement. One problem is that the suspension deflection of active suspension systems, i.e. the difference between the sprung mass displacement and the unsprung mass displacement, using conventional sliding mode control with disturbance observer not converges to zero in finite time, and the phenomenon of the impact of suspension against the limit block is produced. This problem is solved by providing a reference value of the sprung mass displacement in an active suspension system, which is obtained from the skyhook model. The other problem is that disturbances exist in active suspension systems, which are caused by the inaccurate parameters of stiffness and damping. This problem is solved by designing a disturbance observer to estimate the summation of the disturbances. Finally, the performance indexes of the active suspension system with the sliding mode control with disturbance observer combining skyhook model are calculated and compared with those of using the conventional sliding mode control with disturbance observer and the linear quadratic regulator approach.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1077-5463 , 1741-2986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1077546319890747
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070247-4
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Study on the Pre-Heated Temperatures and Injection Pressures of the RTM Process
    SAGE Publications ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 1994-05), p. 467-482
    Details
    In: Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 1994-05), p. 467-482
    Abstract: The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of manufactur ing variables (injection pressure, pre-heated temperature and vacuum assistance) on resin transfer molding (RTM). Specimens were made of 40 plies of TGFC-7628 cloth fiberglass mats or 12 plies of TGFW-600 woven roving fiberglass mats under different process condi tions. The fiber volume contents of the specimens were 50.3 % or 45% in the experiments. The flexural strengths of all the finished products tested by the method of three point bend ing were compared to each other to understand the influences of each process variable on the RTM products. Both the pre-heated temperatures and the injection pressure were found to affect the quality of the RTM product.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0731-6844 , 1530-7964
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/073168449401300506
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2051886-9
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  • 5
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    Sliding mode control of double-wishbone active suspension systems based on equivalent 2-degree-of-freedom model
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering Vol. 234, No. 13 ( 2020-11), p. 3164-3179
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 234, No. 13 ( 2020-11), p. 3164-3179
    Abstract: As a critical component of transportation vehicles, active suspension systems (ASSs) have widely attracted attention for their outstanding capability of improving the riding comfort and the maneuverability. However, due to the effects of the suspension kinematic structure and the rubber elements containing bushings and top mount, the practical double-wishbone ASS cannot achieve the desired performance resulting from the control design based on a simple 2-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model. In this paper, a sliding mode control (SMC) based on an equivalent 2-DOF model is proposed to suppress the sprung mass vibration of a double-wishbone ASS, which is to improve the riding comfort of vehicle. The SMC for a double-wishbone ASS is designed in four steps. First, an equivalent 2-DOF model of a double-wishbone ASS, which considers suspension kinematic structure and rubber properties, is established. The parameter values of an equivalent 2-DOF model are identified by using least square method. Second, an SMC is designed for an equivalent 2-DOF model, and the effect of the parameter value of the 2-DOF model on the riding comfort is investigated by experimental results. Third, a control compensator for a double-wishbone ASS is developed by considering the suspension kinematic structure. Four, the control for double-wishbone ASS is obtained by integrating the compensator into the SMC based on the equivalent 2-DOF model. The numerical simulation results show that the control can effectively suppress the sprung mass vibration of the double-wishbone ASS when the SMC design is based on an equivalent 2-DOF model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-4070 , 2041-2991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0954407020919588
    RVK:
    ZO 4200
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2032754-7
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  • 6
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    Performance analysis of single-stage air source heat pump utilizing indirect vapor injection design
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 168781401876748-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 168781401876748-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8140 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1687814018767487
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501620-9
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Topology Optimization and Performance Calculation for Control Arms of a Suspension
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 6 ( 2014-01-01), p. 734568-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6 ( 2014-01-01), p. 734568-
    Abstract: Control Arm (CA) of a suspension plays an important role in the automotive ride comfort and handling stability. In this paper, the topology optimization model including ball joints and bushing for topology optimization of an aluminium CA is established, where a ball joint is simplified as rigid elements and the elastic properties of a rubber bushing are estimated using Mooney-Rivlin constitutive law. A method for treating with multiple loads in topology optimization of CA is presented. Inertia relief theory is employed in the FEA model of the CA in order to simulate the large displacement motion characteristics of the CA. A CA is designed based on the topology optimization results, and the strength, natural frequency, and rigidity of the optimized CA are calculated. The calculated results show that the performances of the optimized CA with the proposed model meet the predetermined requirements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8140 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/734568
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2501620-9
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  • 8
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    Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and predictive modeling in the solidification of poly(cyclohexylene dimethylene cyclohexanedicarboxylate) melt
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Elastomers & Plastics Vol. 49, No. 2 ( 2017-03), p. 132-156
    Details
    In: Journal of Elastomers & Plastics, SAGE Publications, Vol. 49, No. 2 ( 2017-03), p. 132-156
    Abstract: Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of polycyclohexylene dimethylene cyclohexanedicarboxylate (PCCE) were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Isothermal melt crystallization kinetics were analyzed using the traditional Avrami equation. Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics data obtained from DSC were analyzed using the extended Avrami relation and a combination of the Avrami equation and the Ozawa relationship. The glass transition temperature, equilibrium melting point, isothermal crystallization activation energy, and non-isothermal crystallization activation energy were determined. Furthermore, a predictive method based on the Nakamura model was proposed and was used to describe the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics based on the isothermal experimental data. The results suggested that the original Nakamura equation was not successful in describing the non-isothermal crystallization of PCCE over a wide range of cooling rates. It was found that the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of PCCE, over a wide range of cooling rates, could best be described by modifying the differential Nakamura equation to include a varied Avrami index.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-2443 , 1530-8006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0095244316641327
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2098535-6
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  • 9
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    Tracheal reconstruction with pedicled tandem grafts engineered by a radial stretch bioreactor
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Biomaterials Applications Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2022-07), p. 118-131
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomaterials Applications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2022-07), p. 118-131
    Abstract: The engineering of tracheal substitutes is pivotal in improving tracheal reconstruction. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of biomechanical stimulation on tissue engineering tracheal cartilage by mimicking the trachea motion through a novel radial stretching bioreactor, which enables to dynamically change the diameter of the hollow cylindrical implants. Applying our bioreactor, we demonstrated that chondrocytes seeded on the surface of Poly (ε-caprolactone) scaffold respond to mechanical stimulation by improvement of infiltration into implants and upregulation of cartilage-specific genes. Further, the mechanical stimulation enhanced the accumulation of cartilage neo-tissues and cartilage-specific extracellular macromolecules in the muscle flap-remodeled implants and reconstructed trachea. Nevertheless, the invasion of fibrous tissues in the reconstructed trachea was suppressed upon mechanical loading.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3282 , 1530-8022
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08853282221082357
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2072559-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Dual-scale modeling and simulation of film casting of isotactic polypropylene
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2016-07), p. 239-271
    Details
    In: Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2016-07), p. 239-271
    Abstract: This paper presents a dual-scale model, which couples the macroscopic flow field of the film-casting process and the microscopic crystallization behavior of the material. In this dual-scale model, the finite difference method is used to calculate the macroscopic flow field variables such as temperature, extensional rate, and draw tension, while the Monte Carlo method is employed to predict the evolution of the crystallinity and the development of the crystal morphology. The effect of draw ratio during film-casting on the morphology of isotactic polypropylene crystallization is investigated both experimentally and numerically. Based on the fairly good agreement between the experimental results and simulation predictions, we conclude that the dual-scale modeling and simulation presented in this paper can well predict the film-casting process and give users more detailed insight into the flow field and morphological evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8756-0879 , 1530-8014
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/8756087915595853
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094468-8
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