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  • SAGE Publications  (3)
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  • SAGE Publications  (3)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol. 65, No. 12 ( 2012-12), p. 2435-2446
    In: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 65, No. 12 ( 2012-12), p. 2435-2446
    Abstract: The difficulty in processing fractions seems to be related to the interference between the whole-number value of the numerator and the denominator and the real value of the fraction. Here we assess whether the reported problems with symbolic fractions extend to the nonsymbolic domain, by presenting fractions as arrays of black and white dots representing the two operands. Participants were asked to compare a target array with a reference array in two separate tasks using the same stimuli: a numerosity task comparing just the number of white dots in the two arrays; and a proportion task comparing the proportion of black and white dots. The proportion task yielded lower accuracy and slower response, confirming that even with nonsymbolic stimuli accessing proportional information is relatively difficult. However, using a congruity manipulation in which the greater numerosity of white dots could co-occur with a lower proportion of them, and vice versa, it was found that both task-irrelevant dimensions would interfere with the task-relevant dimension suggesting that both numerosity and proportion information was automatically accessed. The results indicate that the magnitude of fractions can be automatically and holistically processed in the nonsymbolic domain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1747-0218 , 1747-0226
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2225936-3
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  European Journal of International Relations Vol. 18, No. 3 ( 2012-09), p. 509-538
    In: European Journal of International Relations, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18, No. 3 ( 2012-09), p. 509-538
    Abstract: By synthesizing material forces with ideational forces more organically via a social evolutionary approach, we advance a deeper understanding about post-World War II American military interventionism. We argue that post-World War II American military interventionism — that is, the American elites’ and public’s support for America’s military intervention abroad — cannot be understood with ideational or psychological forces alone. Rather, two crucial material variables, namely, geography and aggregate power amplified by superior technological prowess, are indispensable for understanding the propensity for the United States to intervene militarily abroad. These two factors have powerfully shielded the American elites and public from the horrendous devastation of war. As a result, compared to their counterparts in other major states, American citizens and elites have tended to be less repelled by the prospect of war. The outcome is that since World War II the United States has been far more active in military intervention overseas than other major states.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-0661 , 1460-3713
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482719-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1235052-7
    SSG: 8
    SSG: 3,6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Learning Disabilities Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 49-61
    In: Journal of Learning Disabilities, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 49-61
    Abstract: Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific learning disability in mathematics that affects around 6% of the population. Currently, the core deficit of DD remains unknown. While the number sense deficit hypothesis suggests that the core deficit of DD lies in the inability to represent nonsymbolic numerosity, the access deficit hypothesis suggests that the origin of this disability lies in the inability to associate numbers with the underlying magnitude representation. The present study compared the performance of DDs with their low-achieving (LA) and normally achieving peers in nonsymbolic numerosity processing and number-magnitude mapping over 1 year (from kindergarten to 1st grade). The results demonstrated differential impairments in different subgroups of children with mathematics difficulties. While DDs showed deficits in both nonsymbolic numerosity processing and number-magnitude mapping, LAs showed deficit only in the number-magnitude mapping. Furthermore, the deficit in number-magnitude mapping among the DD group was partially explained by their number sense deficit. The number sense deficit hypothesis is supported. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2194 , 1538-4780
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2077783-8
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 5,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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