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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alcoholic Liver Disease in Rats Fed Ethanol as Part of Oral or Intragastric Low-Carbohydrate Liquid Diets
    SAGE Publications ; 2004
    In:  Experimental Biology and Medicine Vol. 229, No. 4 ( 2004-04), p. 351-360
    Details
    In: Experimental Biology and Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 229, No. 4 ( 2004-04), p. 351-360
    Abstract: The intragastric administration of ethanol as part of a lowcarbohydrate diet results in alcohol hepatotoxicity. We aimed to investigate whether comparable liver injury can be achieved by oral diet intake. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ethanol as part of low-carbohydrate diets for 36–42 days either intragastrically or orally. Liver pathology, blood ethanol concentration, serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), endotoxin level, hepatic CYP2E1 induction, and cytokine profiles were assessed. Both oral and intragastric low-carbohydrate ethanol diets resulted in marked steatosis with additional inflammation and necrosis accompanied by significantly increased serum ALT, high levels of CYP2E1 expression, and production of auto-antibodies against malondialdehyde and hydroxyethyl free radical protein adducts. However, cytokine profiles differed substantially between the groups, with significantly lower mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 4 observed in rats fed low-carbohydrate diets orally. Inflammation and necrosis were significantly greater in rats receiving low-carbohydrate alcohol diets intragastrically than orally. This was associated with a significant increase in liver tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β gene expression in the intragastric model. Thus, oral low-carbohydrate diets produce more ethanol-induced liver pathology than oral high-carbohydrate diets, but hepatotoxicity is more severe when a low-carbohydrate diet plus ethanol is infused intragastrically and is accompanied by significant increases in levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-3702 , 1535-3699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/153537020422900410
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Markers of Pluripotency and Differentiation in Human Neural Precursor Cells Derived from Embryonic Stem Cells and CNS Tissue
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Cell Transplantation Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2011-03), p. 177-192
    Details
    In: Cell Transplantation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2011-03), p. 177-192
    Abstract: Cell transplantation therapies for central nervous system (CNS) deficits such as spinal cord injury (SCI) have been shown to be effective in several animal models. One cell type that has been transplanted is neural precursor cells (NPCs), for which there are several possible sources. We have studied NPCs derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human fetal CNS tissue (hfNPCs), cultured as neurospheres, and the expression of pluripotency and neural genes during neural induction and in vitro differentiation. mRNA for the pluripotency markers Nanog, Oct-4, Gdf3, and DNMT3b were downregulated during neural differentiation of hESCs. mRNA for these markers was found in nonpluripotent hfNPC at higher levels compared to hESC-NPCs. However, Oct-4 protein was found in hESC-NPCs after 8 weeks of culture, but not in hfNPCs. Similarly, SSEA-4 and CD326 were only found in hESC-NPCs. NPCs from both sources differentiated as expected to cells with typical features of neurons and astrocytes. The expressions of neuronal markers in hESC-NPCs were affected by the composition of cell culture medium, while this did not affect hfNPCs. Transplantation of hESC-NPC or hfNPC neurospheres into immunodeficient mouse testis or subcutaneous tissue did not result in tumor formation. In contrast, typical teratomas appeared in all animals after transplantation of hESC-NPCs to injured or noninjured spinal cords of immunodeficient rats. Our data show that transplantation to the subcutaneous tissue or the testes of immunodeficient mice is not a reliable method for evaluation of the tumor risk of remaining pluripotent cells in grafts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0963-6897 , 1555-3892
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3727/096368910X527266
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020466-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Systems Approach To Municipal Solid Waste Management: a Pilot Study of Goteborg
    SAGE Publications ; 1994
    In:  Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 73-91
    Details
    In: Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 73-91
    Abstract: The proposed systems approach to solid waste management consists of two parts, first, a comprehensive model, MIMES/WASTE (a Model for description and optimization of Integrated Material flows and Energy Systems), for analysing the technical properties of the waste management system, and second, procedures to make the model into an efficient tool in the planning process. The paper focuses on the first part by describing the model and the methodology for using it for broad scope technical analysis of the waste management system. A pilot study for the Göteborg region in Sweden, illustrating the methodology and the use of the model, is presented. The MIMES/WASTE model is a systems engineering tool for strategic planning of municipal waste management systems. The model provides a framework for consistent evaluation of: (i) a large number of feasible options for developing the system, (ii) the effects of uncertainties in the system environment and, (iii) various goals set up for the system (e.g. cost efficiency, environmental control, recycling, and energy production). Three modes of application are discussed: long-term planning; short-term planning; and consequence analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0734-242X , 1096-3669
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0734242X9401200108
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480483-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 46937-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Primary Neoplasms of Bones in Mice : Retrospective Study and Review of Literature
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Veterinary Pathology Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 182-205
    Details
    In: Veterinary Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 182-205
    Abstract: To compare and summarize the mechanisms, frequencies of occurrence, and classification schemes of spontaneous, experimental, and genetically engineered mouse skeletal neoplasms, the literature was reviewed, and archived case material at The Jackson Laboratory was examined. The frequency of occurrence of spontaneous bone neoplasms was less than 1% for most strains, with the exceptions of osteomas in CF-1 (5.5% and 10% in two studies) and OF-1 outbred strains (35%), and osteosarcomas in NOD/ShiLtJ (11.5%) and NOD-derived (7.1%) mice. The frequency was 100% for osteochondromas induced by conditional inactivation of exostoses (multiple) 1 ( Ext1) in chondrocytes, osteosarcomas induced by tibial intramedullary inoculation of Moloney murine sarcoma virus, and osteosarcomas induced by conditional inactivation of Trp53—with or without inactivation of Rb1—in osteoblast precursors. Spontaneous osteogenic neoplasms were more frequent than spontaneous cartilaginous and vascular types. Malignant neoplasms were more frequent than benign ones. The age of occurrence for spontaneous neoplasms ranged from 37 to 720 days ( M = 316.35) for benign neoplasms and 35 to 990 ( M = 299.28) days for malignant. In genetically engineered mice, the average age of occurrence ranged from 28 to 70 days for benign and from 35 to 690 days for malignant. Histologically, nonosteogenic neoplasms were similar across strains and mutant stocks; osteogenic neoplasms exhibited greater diversity. This comparison and summarization of mouse bone neoplasms provides valuable information for the selection of strains to create, compare, and validate models of bone neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-9858 , 1544-2217
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0300985811398252
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106608-5
    SSG: 22
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metastatic Lesions of the Foot and Ankle
    SAGE Publications ; 1982
    In:  Foot & Ankle Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 1982-11), p. 167-169
    Details
    In: Foot & Ankle, SAGE Publications, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 1982-11), p. 167-169
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0198-0211
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/107110078200300309
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1982
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2129503-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    C-Peptide Determinations in Islet Xenotransplantation: A Study in the Pig-to-Mouse Model
    SAGE Publications ; 2001
    In:  Cell Transplantation Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2001-03), p. 165-173
    Details
    In: Cell Transplantation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2001-03), p. 165-173
    Abstract: Assays of C-peptide are used to monitor allogeneic islet graft function. However, it is not known whether xenogeneic C-peptide is metabolized and excreted in a fashion similar to endogenous and allogeneic C-peptide. In this study, injection of 10 times the physiological amount of porcine C-peptide into mice did not result in the excretion of the C-peptide in the urine. In contrast, when a physiological amount of porcine C-peptide was injected into athymic mice, urinary excretion of porcine C-peptide was readily detected. After injection of radioactively labeled porcine C-peptide into mice, the radioactive uptake in tissues belonging to the mononuclear phagocytic system was significantly increased in mice immunized towards the xenogeneic C-peptide. These results may reflect an immunological reactivity towards the C-peptide. Antibodies against porcine C-peptide could not be detected in the serum of any of the mice. However, porcine C-peptide was found to be glycosylated. Thus, a possible explanation to the lack of porcine C-peptide in the urine is that xenoreactive antibodies had bound to carbohydrate structures on the peptide and that the antibody – C-peptide complex had been cleared from the circulation by the mononuclear phagocytic system. Thus, the urinary excretion of xenogeneic C-peptide seems to be different from that of endogenous and allogeneic C-peptide. Consequently, determinations of donor-specific C-peptide may not properly reflect islet xenograft function. In fact, islet xenograft function may be underestimated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0963-6897 , 1555-3892
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3727/000000001783986918
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020466-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genital Bovine Papillomavirus Infection in Saudi Arabia
    SAGE Publications ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 1991-01), p. 36-38
    Details
    In: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 1991-01), p. 36-38
    Abstract: Genital bovine papillomavirus infection was observed for the first time in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia. The disease involved 1 female and 2 male 2–4-year-old crossbred cattle. Fibropapillomas (warts) were limited to the prepuce and vulva. Electron micrographs of thin sections of the lesions revealed the presence of intranuclear viruslike particles. Using a broadly cross-reactive rabbit polyclonal antiserum directed against papillomavirus group-specific antigens, the infection was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissues to be due to a papillomavirus. Staining with a series of monoclonal antibodies of various specificities indicated that the virus was bovine papillomavirus type 1. Attempts to propagate the virus by inoculation of tumor homogenates onto chorioallantoic membranes of chicken embryos were unsuccessful.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-6387 , 1943-4936
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/104063879100300108
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265211-5
    SSG: 22
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