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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Components from the Steamed Leaves of Acanthopanax koreanum and their Effects on PPAR Activity in HepG2 Cells
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 6, No. 9 ( 2011-09), p. 1934578X1100600-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6, No. 9 ( 2011-09), p. 1934578X1100600-
    Abstract: Three ent-kaurane diterpenes (1-3), four lupane-triterpene glycosides (4-7), and an oleanane-triterpene glycoside (8) were isolated from the ethyl acetate and water extracts of the steamed leaves of Acanthopanax koreanum using a combination of various column chromatographies. The structures of the isolates were determined by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. To investigate the biological effects of the eight compounds (1-8) on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), luciferase reporter assays were used. Among the tested compounds, ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1), 16α-hydroxy- ent-kauran-19-oic acid (2), and 17-hydroxy- ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid (3) showed considerable effects on PPARγ activity, compared with the positive control, troglitazone. To evaluate specificity and sensitivity of the active compounds (1-3) in the regulation of transactivation of PPARs, Gal4-PPARs-LBD luciferase reporter assays were examined. In this study, the three ent-kaurane diterpenes (1-3) were found to up-regulate PPARβ/δ and PPARγ activities, whereas they did not activate PPARα activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1100600905
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 2
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    Prevalence of Ocular Symptoms in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: Korean Multicenter Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy Vol. 27, No. 5 ( 2013-09), p. e135-e139
    Details
    In: American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 5 ( 2013-09), p. e135-e139
    Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is often accompanied by multiple ocular symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of ocular symptoms and the impact of ocular symptoms on the quality of life in patients with AR. Methods One thousand one hundred seventy-four patients with AR were enrolled from 24 centers in Korea. They were classified into four groups according to the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guideline and also classified into perennial AR (PAR) and seasonal AR groups. All patients were asked to complete the questionnaire regarding the presence of ocular symptoms, such as eye itching, watery eyes, and red eyes. The correlation between ocular symptoms and the rest of the quality-of-life areas in the Mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-RQLQ) was also asked. Results Seven hundred nineteen (61.2%) of 1174 patients had ocular symptoms. In detail, the numbers of patients with eye itching, watery eyes, red eyes, and other ocular symptoms were 605 (51.5%), 313 (26.7%), 207 (17.6%), and 66 (5.6%), respectively. Female patients (72.5%) complained of ocular symptoms more commonly than male patients (55.1%). The patients with moderate–severe persistent AR showed the highest prevalence of ocular symptoms. The correlation coefficients between ocular symptoms and the rest of the quality-of-life areas in the Mini-RQLQ were statistically significant (p 〈 0.05). Conclusion Sixty-one percent of Korean AR patients experienced ocular symptoms. The patients who were women and had PAR and more severe AR showed higher prevalence of ocular symptoms. The ocular symptoms might have a significant impact on the quality of life in patients with AR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1945-8924 , 1945-8932
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3937
    RVK:
    XA 20278
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2554548-6
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  • 3
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    Flexible Die Design and Springback Compensation Based on Modified Displacement Adjustment Method
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 6 ( 2014-01-01), p. 131253-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6 ( 2014-01-01), p. 131253-
    Abstract: Springback in metal forming process often results in undesirable shape changes in formed parts and leads to deterioration in product quality. Even though springback can be predicted and compensated for through the theories or methodologies established thus far, an increase in manufacturing cost accompanied by a change in die shape is inevitable. In the present paper, it is suggested that the cost accompanied with springback compensation can be minimized while allowing the processing of various three-dimensional curved surfaces by using a flexible die composed of multiple punches. With the die being very flexible, the iterative trial-and-error method can be readily applied to compensate for the springback. Thus, repeated designing and redesigning of solid or matched dies can be avoided, effectively saving considerable time. Only some adjustments of punch height are required. Detailed designs of the flexible die as well as two core algorithms to control the respective punch heights are described in this paper. In addition, a closed-loop system for the springback compensation using the flexible die is proposed. The amount of springback was simulated by a finite element analysis and the modified displacement adjustment (DA) method as the springback compensation model was used in the closed-loop system. This system was applied to a two-dimensional quadratic shape problem, and its robustness was verified by an experiment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8140 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2014/131253
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 4
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    The manufacturing of a surface anchor structure for the electroless plating of a three-dimensional antenna integrated with a mobile device case
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 168781402095857-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 168781402095857-
    Abstract: This study proposes a method to improve the manufacturing process of a surface anchor structure for the injection molding along with bonding properties of the plating layer for antennas, which can be applied to the Laser Direct Plating (LDP) process for the production of a three-dimensional antenna integrated with a mobile device case. By adjusting parameters such as the output of the laser processing, scanning speed, and pulse recurrence frequency, a micro anchor structure was developed on the surface of the injection mold. The measurement of the surface roughness using a 3D surface profiler showed that the roughness improved by approximately 3.6 times, from 0.96 to 3.24 µm. In addition, the zigzag arrangement of the micro anchor structure was improved by 1.2 times compared to the even arrangement. Furthermore, if the micro anchor structure contained a wall after laser processing, the bonding strength of the plating solution was 69%; with no wall, it was 94% or higher. Thus, the existence of walls resulted in a difference of 1.4 times in the bonding strength. The laser processing improved the bonding strength of the plating solution on the micro anchor structure by approximately 19 times.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8140 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1687814020958576
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Effect of data preprocessing methods and hyperparameters on accuracy of ball bearing fault detection based on deep learning
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 168781322210784-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 168781322210784-
    Abstract: This paper presents the effect of data preprocessing methods and hyperparameters in deep learning on the accuracy of ball bearing fault detection. In this study, artificial defects in the ball bearing were created to obtain the machine learning data for ball bearing fault detection. Vibration data were acquired by an accelerometer mounted in the bearing housing at three different rotation speeds. The obtained one-dimensional acceleration-based vibration data were changed into five different data forms: one-dimensional fast Fourier transform data, two-dimensional spectrogram image data, etc. One-dimensional numerical data were used as training data in the multi-layer perceptron and two-dimensional image data in the convolutional neural network classifier. After training, the accuracy and effectiveness of the validation test and the training data formats and deep learning models are discussed in this paper. 1D time- and frequency-domain numerical data showed 100% accuracy within the same rotation speed, but the accuracy was down to less than 50% in the mixed rotation speeds. On the other hand, 2D frequency-domain image data presented more than 99% accuracy for the mixed rotation speeds. Among 2D image data, FFT-image data is less sensitive to hyperparameters such as kernel and convolution layer and shows high test accuracy of 99% at least. Consequently, 2D image data format with the convolutional neural network more accurately worked in a complicated situation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8132 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/16878132221078494
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    Outcome in Patients Treated with Intra-arterial thrombectomy: The optiMAL Blood Pressure control (OPTIMAL-BP) Trial
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Stroke Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2022-10), p. 931-937
    Details
    In: International Journal of Stroke, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2022-10), p. 931-937
    Abstract: Very early stage blood pressure (BP) levels may affect outcome in stroke patients who have successfully undergone recanalization following intra-arterial treatment, but the optimal target of BP management remains uncertain. Aim We hypothesized that the clinical outcome after intensive BP-lowering is superior to conventional BP control after successful recanalization by intra-arterial treatment. Sample-size estimates We aim to randomize 668 patients (334 per arm), 1:1. Methods and design We initiated a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label trial with a blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) design. After successful recanalization (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score ≥ 2 b), patients with elevated systolic BP level, defined as the mean of two readings ≥ 140 mmHg, will be randomly assigned to the intensive BP-lowering (systolic BP  〈  140 mm Hg) group or the conventional BP-lowering (systolic BP, 140−180 mm Hg) group. Study outcomes The primary efficacy outcomes are from dichotomized analysis of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at three months (mRS scores: 0–2 vs. 3–6). The primary safety outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and death within three months. Discussion The OPTIMAL-BP trial will provide evidence for the effectiveness of active BP control to achieve systolic BP  〈  140 mmHg during 24 h in patients with successful recanalization after intra-arterial treatment. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04205305.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1747-4930 , 1747-4949
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/17474930211041213
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2211666-7
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  • 7
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    Post-Stroke Depressive Symptoms: Varying Responses to Escitalopram by Individual Symptoms and Lesion Location
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2021-11), p. 565-573
    Details
    In: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2021-11), p. 565-573
    Abstract: The efficacy of antidepressants in post-stroke depressive symptoms (PSD) varies. We aimed to examine whether the effect of escitalopram on PSD differs according to individual depressive symptoms and stroke lesion location. Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of EMOTION ( ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01278498), a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial that examined the efficacy of escitalopram on depression in acute stroke patients (237 with placebo, 241 with escitalopram). Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the 10-item Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Changes in MADRS and individual item scores at 12 weeks were compared between the treatment groups and among the stroke lesion location groups. Stroke lesion locations were grouped according to the anatomical distribution of serotonin fibers that originate from the midbrain/pons and spread to the forebrain via subcortical structures: “Midbrain-Pons,” “Frontal-Subcortical,” and “Others.” Least-squares means were calculated to demonstrate the independent effect of lesion location. Results: Total MADRS scores decreased more significantly in the escitalopram than in the placebo group, while a significant effect of escitalopram was observed in only 3 items: apparent sadness, reported sadness, pessimistic thoughts. In the lesion location analyses, escitalopram users in the Frontal-Subcortical group showed significant improvement in total MADRS scores (placebo [n = 130] vs. escitalopram [n = 148] , least-square mean [95% CI]: -2.3 [-3.5 to -0.2] vs. -4.5 [-5.5 to -3.4], p = .005), while those in the Midbrain-Pons and Others groups did not. Conclusions: The effect of escitalopram on PSD may be more prominent in patients with particular depressive symptoms and stroke lesion locations, suggesting the need for tailored treatment strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0891-9887 , 1552-5708
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0891988720957108
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
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    Risk factors for rhabdomyolysis following doxylamine overdose
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Human & Experimental Toxicology Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2007-08), p. 617-621
    Details
    In: Human & Experimental Toxicology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2007-08), p. 617-621
    Abstract: The objective of this prospective study was to identify risk factors for developing rhabdomyolysis in patients with doxylamine overdose. Patients who were admitted to a university teaching hospital between July 2000 and September 2005 due to doxylamine overdose were recruited. Demographic information, clinical variables, and laboratory data were investigated. Twenty-seven (M/F 12/15, age 33.2 ±13.1 years) patients were enrolled. Sixteen (59%) of 27 patients developed rhabdomyolysis and three (19%) of 16 patients with rhabdomyolysis also developed acute renal failure. Patients who developed rhabdomyolysis differed from those who did not in the amount of doxylamine ingested, initial serum creatitnine and arterial pH. In multivariate regression analysis, the only reliable predictor of rhabdomyolysis was the amount of doxylamine ingested ( P = 0.039). The amount of doxylamine ingested (≥ 20 mg/kg) predicted the development of rhabdomyolysis with a sensitivity of 81%, a specificity of 82%, a positive predictive value of 87%, and a negative predictive value of 75%. In conclusion, rhabdomyolysis following doxylamine overdose was common, occurring in 87% of patients who ingested more than 20 mg/kg. The amount of doxylamine ingested was the only reliable predictor for developing rhabdomyolysis following doxylamine overdose. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 617—621
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0960-3271 , 1477-0903
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0960327107077507
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
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  • 9
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    A 96-Week Randomized Trial of Switching to Entecavir in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with a Partial Virological Response to Lamivudine
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Antiviral Therapy Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2012-11), p. 1563-1570
    Details
    In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2012-11), p. 1563-1570
    Abstract: Growing numbers of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in the Asia-Pacific region have failed first-line therapy with low genetic barrier drugs. This prospective, 96-week study investigated the antiviral efficacy, safety and tolerability of switching to entecavir versus maintaining lamivudine in CHB patients with a partial virological response to lamivudine. Methods A total of 72 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients, with serum HBV DNA≥60 IU/ml after ≥6 months lamivudine monotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive either entecavir 1.0 mg/day, or continued lamivudine 100 mg/day. Results Mean duration of prior lamivudine treatment was 15.1 months in the lamivudine-maintained patients and 16.1 months in the entecavir-switch patients, with mean baseline HBV DNA levels of 4.66 and 4.55 log 10 IU/ml, respectively. A greater proportion of entecavir-switch than lamivudine-maintained patients achieved undetectable HBV DNA at all time points (67.6% versus 11.4% at week 96; P 〈 0.001). Entecavir-switch patients achieved a greater mean decrease in HBV DNA level by week 4, maintained through week 96. Entecavir-switch patients with baseline HBV DNA 〈 5 log 10 IU/ml were more likely to achieve a virological response at week 96. A total of 6 (17.6%) entecavir-switch and 2 (5.7%) lamivudine- maintained patients achieved HBeAg loss, and 3 (8.8%) entecavir and 1 (2.9%) lamivudine patients achieved HBeAg seroconversion. Genotypic resistance to the assigned intervention emerged in 82.9% (29/35) of lamivudine-maintained patients, and in 3% (1/34) of entecavir-switch patients after 96 weeks. Conclusions Switching to entecavir in patients with a partial virological response to lamivudine resulted in increased virological efficacy and lower rates of antiviral resistance than maintaining lamivudine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3851/IMP2277
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 10
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    Impact of Dialysis Modality on the Incidence of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2011-05), p. 347-350
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2011-05), p. 347-350
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2010.00158
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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