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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pittsburgh compound-B PET white matter imaging and cognitive function in late multiple sclerosis
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Multiple Sclerosis Journal Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2018-05), p. 739-749
    Details
    In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2018-05), p. 739-749
    Abstract: There is growing interest in white matter (WM) imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). Objectives: We studied the association of cognitive function in late multiple sclerosis (MS) with cortical and WM Pittsburgh compound-B PET (PiB-PET) binding. Methods: In the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, 24 of 4869 participants had MS (12 underwent PiB-PET). Controls were age and sex matched (5:1). We used automated or semi-automated processing for quantitative image analyses and conditional logistic regression for group differences. Results: MS patients had lower memory ( p = 0.03) and language ( p = 0.02) performance; smaller thalamic volumes ( p = 0.003); and thinner temporal ( p = 0.001) and frontal ( p = 0.045) cortices on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) than controls. There was no difference in global cortical PiB standardized uptake value ratios between MS and controls ( p = 0.35). PiB uptake was lower in areas of WM hyperintensities compared to normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in MS ( p = 0.0002). Reduced PiB uptake in both the areas of WM hyperintensities ( r = 0.65; p = 0.02) and NAWM ( r = 0.69; p = 0.01) was associated with decreased visuospatial performance in MS. Conclusion: PiB uptake in the cortex in late MS is not different from normal age-matched controls. PiB uptake in the WM in late MS may be a marker of the large network structures’ integrity such as those involved in visuospatial performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-4585 , 1477-0970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1352458517707346
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008225-3
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  • 2
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    Dynamic autoregulation of cerebral blood flow measured non-invasively with fast diffuse correlation spectroscopy
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 230-240
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 230-240
    Abstract: Cerebral autoregulation (CA) maintains cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the presence of systemic blood pressure changes. Brain injury can cause loss of CA and resulting dysregulation of CBF, and the degree of CA impairment is a functional indicator of cerebral tissue health. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to noninvasively estimate cerebral autoregulation in healthy adult volunteers. The approach employs pulsatile CBF measurements obtained using high-speed diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). Rapid thigh-cuff deflation initiates a chain of responses that permits estimation of rates of dynamic autoregulation in the cerebral microvasculature. The regulation rate estimated with DCS in the microvasculature (median: 0.26 s −1 , inter quartile range: 0.19 s −1 ) agrees well (R = 0.81, slope = 0.9) with regulation rates measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) in the proximal vasculature (median: 0.28 s −1 , inter quartile range: 0.10 s −1 ). We also obtained an index of systemic autoregulation in concurrently measured scalp microvasculature. Systemic autoregulation begins later than cerebral autoregulation and exhibited a different rate (0.55 s −1 , inter quartile range: 0.72 s −1 ). Our work demonstrates the potential of diffuse correlation spectroscopy for bedside monitoring of cerebral autoregulation in the microvasculature of patients with brain injury.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0271678X17747833
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Mid-Thigh Loop Arteriovenous Graft: Patient Selection, Technique, and Results
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  The American Surgeon Vol. 72, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 825-828
    Details
    In: The American Surgeon, SAGE Publications, Vol. 72, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 825-828
    Abstract: As patient longevity on hemodialysis has increased, surgeons are increasingly challenged to provide vascular access to patients who have exhausted options for access in the upper extremity. A common operation performed on these patients has been the loop thigh arteriovenous (AV) graft based off the common femoral vessels. However, there are several disadvantages of placing prosthetic grafts in proximity to the groin. Our group has modified the thigh loop AV graft procedure by moving the anastomoses to the mid-superficial femoral artery and vein. The advantage of this location is that it preserves the proximal femoral vessels for graft revision and avoids the node-bearing tissue and overhanging panniculus of the groin. The purpose of this study was to review our technique, patient selection, and experience with the mid-thigh loop AV graft procedure. Between 2001 and 2003, 46 mid-thigh loop AV grafts were placed in 38 patients. Patient hospital, office, and dialysis clinic records were reviewed. The primary and secondary patency for AV grafts in this study by life-table was 40 per cent and 68 per cent at 1 year and 18 per cent and 43 per cent at 2 years. There were 10 infections (21%) requiring graft removal. Four patients underwent subsequent placement of a proximal loop thigh AV graft after mid-thigh graft failure. Patient survival was 86 per cent at 1 year and 82 per cent at 2 years. There were no patient deaths related to thigh graft placement. Our results with the mid-thigh loop AV graft compare favorably with published results for thigh loop AV grafts. The procedure preserves the proximal vasculature, permitting graft revision or subsequent proximal graft placement, and may be associated with fewer infectious complications. The mid-thigh loop AV graft procedure should be considered before placement of a thigh loop AV graft based off the common femoral artery and vein.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1348 , 1555-9823
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/000313480607200912
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Effects of Caffeine on Performance of Low Intensity Tasks
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Perceptual and Motor Skills Vol. 94, No. 2 ( 2002-04), p. 521-532
    Details
    In: Perceptual and Motor Skills, SAGE Publications, Vol. 94, No. 2 ( 2002-04), p. 521-532
    Abstract: 31 college age men and women who consume less than three caffeinated beverages per week agreed to participate as subjects in research on the effects of acute caffeine intake on low intensity task performance. All subjects performed two randomly administered test conditions: (1) caffeine (5 mg/kg) and (2) placebo on separate visits following an initial 1-hr. orientation visit. Subjects were administered the beverage 30 min. prior to performing 12 separate tests assessing basic mathematics, simple response, logical reasoning, hand-eye coordination, and spatial and assembly skills. The Spielberger State Anxiety test was administered immediately after consuming the test beverage and once again at posttest. Analysis showed that caffeine did not significantly affect performance on all tests with the exception of the peripheral awareness (hand-eye coordination) test on which performance was higher after ingesting caffeine. The placebo treatment produced no effect on state anxiety, which contrasted with a significant rise in anxiety after caffeine consumption. State anxiety values were significantly greater after caffeine treatment relative to the placebo at pretest, and this difference persisted at posttest. These results demonstrated that the dose of caffeine increased scores on state anxiety for individuals who consumed less than three caffeinated beverages weekly but had very little effect on performance of low intensity tasks, except for a hand-eye coordination test involving peripheral awareness. Perhaps longer continuous performance of more demanding tasks would be more sensitive.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-5125 , 1558-688X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2466/pms.2002.94.2.521
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 5
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    Love Thy Self? How Belief in a Supportive God Shapes Self-Esteem
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Review of Religious Research Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2017-09), p. 293-318
    Details
    In: Review of Religious Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2017-09), p. 293-318
    Abstract: Previous research raises the question of self-esteem as a fundamental human need, but also indicates that self-esteem is an inherently social product. Is religious involvement influential—and does it depend on beliefs about God? In this research, we examine the associations between multiple dimensions of religious involvement and self-esteem, and specifically focus on the belief in a supportive higher power (“divine support”) as a central influence in this relationship. Analyses of a national probability sample of adults from the US (2004 General Social Survey) reveal two central findings: (1) divine support helps to explain a positive association between religious involvement and self-esteem; (2) divine support strengthens that association. These findings contribute to the growing discussion about beliefs about God—especially as an engaged, involved, and influential force in everyday life—and the association with different components of the self-concept. Our observations underscore the need for more research on the intersection of beliefs and practices in shaping various facets of personal functioning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-673X , 2211-4866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s13644-017-0292-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100833-4
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  • 6
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    Socioeconomic Status and Religious Beliefs among U.S. Latinos: Evidence from the 2006 Hispanic Religion Survey
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Review of Religious Research Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2016-12), p. 469-493
    Details
    In: Review of Religious Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2016-12), p. 469-493
    Abstract: This study examines how socioeconomic status is related to beliefs about the prosperity gospel and miracles among U.S. Latinos. Further, it investigates how religious involvement moderates this relationship. In analyses of data from the 2006 Hispanic Religion Survey (N = 3143), we find that higher levels of education and income are independently associated with lower likelihood of endorsing the prosperity gospel. However, the negative association between education and the likelihood of holding prosperity gospel beliefs is weaker among those Latinos who read scriptures frequently. In addition, although neither education nor income is directly related to miracle beliefs, their influence does depend on the frequency of scripture reading. For example, income is positively associated with the odds of endorsing miracle beliefs only among Latinos who regularly read scripture; by contrast, income is negatively associated with those same odds when scripture reading is infrequent. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories about the ways that different dimensions of social stratification are related to religious beliefs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-673X , 2211-4866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s13644-016-0265-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100833-4
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  • 7
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    Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Outcomes in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  The American Surgeon Vol. 85, No. 3 ( 2019-03), p. 252-255
    Details
    In: The American Surgeon, SAGE Publications, Vol. 85, No. 3 ( 2019-03), p. 252-255
    Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disease among the bariatric population. However, there are limited data regarding the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on these patients. The study was conducted at University Hospital, United States. The purpose of this study was to examine per cent excess body weight loss (%EWL) and diabetes control in patients who have PCOS compared with those without PCOS. A total of 550 female patients underwent SG between December 2011 and October 2016. Retrospective analysis was completed to include follow-up data at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months and yearly after that. Outcomes measured were %EWL and hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c). The mean and median follow-up for the entire cohort was 21 and 15 months, respectively. Seventy-eight per cent of patients completed at least 12 months of follow-up for %EWL, although only 21 per cent had similar follow-up for HgbA1c. PCOS patients had similar age (36.3 vs 36.2 years, P = 0.90), preoperative BMI (47.2 vs 47.2, P = 0.99), preoperative HgbA1c (6% vs 5.8%, P = 0.31), conversion rate to gastric bypass, and other associated comorbidities compared with non-PCOS comparisons. There was no difference in %EWL at 12-month (49.7% vs 53.1%, P = 0.53) or 24-month (43% vs 49.8%, P = 0.46) postoperative intervals. There was no difference in absolute change of HgbA1c at 12 months (-0.47% vs -0.67%, P = 0.39). SG has equivalent short-term results in %EWL and reduction in HgbA1c for patients who have PCOS and those who do not.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1348 , 1555-9823
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/000313481908500327
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
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    Artificial intelligence for the evaluation of peripheral artery disease using arterial Doppler waveforms to predict abnormal ankle-brachial index
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Vascular Medicine Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 333-342
    Details
    In: Vascular Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 333-342
    Abstract: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are at increased risk for major adverse limb and cardiac events including mortality. Developing screening tools capable of accurate PAD identification is a necessary first step for strategies of adverse outcome prevention. This study aimed to determine whether machine analysis of a resting Doppler waveform using deep neural networks can accurately identify patients with PAD. Methods: Consecutive patients (4/8/2015 – 12/31/2020) undergoing rest and postexercise ankle–brachial index (ABI) testing were included. Patients were randomly allocated to training, validation, and testing subsets (70%/15%/15%). Deep neural networks were trained on resting posterior tibial arterial Doppler waveforms to predict normal ( 〉 0.9) or PAD (⩽ 0.9) using rest and postexercise ABI. A separate dataset of 151 patients who underwent testing during a period after the model had been created and validated (1/1/2021 – 3/31/2021) was used for secondary validation. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) were constructed to evaluate test performance. Results: Among 11,748 total patients, 3432 patients met study criteria: 1941 with PAD (mean age 69 ± 12 years) and 1491 without PAD (64 ± 14 years). The predictive model with highest performance identified PAD with an AUC 0.94 (CI = 0.92–0.96), sensitivity 0.83, specificity 0.88, accuracy 0.85, and positive predictive value (PPV) 0.90. Results were similar for the validation dataset: AUC 0.94 (CI = 0.91–0.98), sensitivity 0.91, specificity 0.85, accuracy 0.89, and PPV 0.89 (postexercise ABI comparison). Conclusion: An artificial intelligence-enabled analysis of a resting Doppler arterial waveform permits identification of PAD at a clinically relevant performance level.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1358-863X , 1477-0377
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1358863X221094082
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027562-6
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  • 9
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    Analysis of Cross-Institutional Medication Description Patterns in Clinical Narratives
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Biomedical Informatics Insights Vol. 6s1 ( 2013-01), p. BII.S11634-
    Details
    In: Biomedical Informatics Insights, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6s1 ( 2013-01), p. BII.S11634-
    Abstract: A large amount of medication information resides in the unstructured text found in electronic medical records, which requires advanced techniques to be properly mined. In clinical notes, medication information follows certain semantic patterns (eg, medication, dosage, frequency, and mode). Some medication descriptions contain additional word(s) between medication attributes. Therefore, it is essential to understand the semantic patterns as well as the patterns of the context interspersed among them (ie, context patterns) to effectively extract comprehensive medication information. In this paper we examined both semantic and context patterns, and compared those found in Mayo Clinic and i2b2 challenge data. We found that some variations exist between the institutions but the dominant patterns are common.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1178-2226 , 1178-2226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4137/BII.S11634
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2566758-0
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  • 10
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    Does Religiosity Buffer the Adverse Mental Health Effects of Work-Family Strain? Examining the Role of an Overlooked Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Review of Religious Research Vol. 65, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 7-36
    Details
    In: Review of Religious Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 65, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 7-36
    Abstract: North American employees face substantial challenges in managing their work and family lives. Drawing from Hobfoll’s 2001 conservation of resources (COR) theory, work-family scholars have argued that some resources can be effective in buffering conflict in the work-family interface. We analyze data from a national sample of Canadian workers ( N = 3,431) to assess how two components of religion/spirituality—religious attendance and divine control—buffer the mental health effects of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC). Results suggest that both work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict were associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Our results further reveal that religious attendance buffered the pernicious effects of both WFC and FWC for psychological distress, while divine control only buffered the effects of FWC. These patterns did not appear to differ by gender. Given increasing rates of work-family strain in the North American context, out findings call for a broadening of the literature on the work-family interface, one that takes into consideration the overlooked role of religion and spirituality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-673X , 2211-4866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0034673X231171788
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100833-4
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