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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pharmacological agents to reduce readmissions in bipolar disorder
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2017-03), p. 387-388
    Details
    In: Journal of Psychopharmacology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2017-03), p. 387-388
    Abstract: It is well recognized that medications have an important role to play in preventing relapse in bipolar disorder. The impact these treatments have on rates of admission to hospital in particular has been less well studied. We combined data on hospitalization from 11 randomized controlled trials in a network meta-analysis. We found that the published evidence demonstrates significant reductions in admission rates compared to placebo from lithium (risk ratio (RR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32–0.59), valproate (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.90), a combination of lithium and valproate (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.90), carbamazepine (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29–0.73) and olanzapine (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.16–0.43). The evidence base contributing to these estimates remains fairly small, leading to broad confidence intervals for estimates of effect. More precise estimates could be obtained if unpublished outcomes data from other trials in this area became available. Several pharmacological treatments appear to be effective at reducing the need for hospital admission in people with bipolar disorder.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-8811 , 1461-7285
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0269881116672099
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028926-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Carrot solution culture bioproduction of uniformly labeled 13 C-lutein and in vivo dosing in non-human primates
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Experimental Biology and Medicine Vol. 242, No. 3 ( 2017-02), p. 305-315
    Details
    In: Experimental Biology and Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 242, No. 3 ( 2017-02), p. 305-315
    Abstract: Lutein is a xanthophyll abundant in nature and most commonly present in the human diet through consumption of leafy green vegetables. With zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin, lutein is a component of the macular pigment of the retina, where it protects against photooxidation and age-related macular degeneration. Recent studies have suggested that lutein may positively impact cognition throughout the lifespan, but outside of the retina, the deposition, metabolism, and function(s) of lutein are poorly understood. Using a novel botanical cell culture system ( Daucus carota), the present study aimed to produce a stable isotope lutein tracer for use in future investigations of dietary lutein distribution and metabolism. Carrot cultivars were initiated into liquid solution culture, lutein production conditions optimized, and uniformly labeled 13 C-glucose was provided as the sole media carbon source for four serial growth cycles. Lutein yield was 2.58 ± 0.24 µg/g, and mass spectrometry confirmed high enrichment of 13 C: 64.9% of lutein was uniformly labeled and 100% of lutein was labeled on at least 37 of 40 possible carbons. Purification of carrot extracts yielded a lutein dose of 1.92 mg with 96.0 ± 0.60% purity. 13 C-lutein signals were detectable in hepatic extracts of an adult rhesus macaque monkey ( Macaca mulatta) dosed with 13 C-lutein, but not in hepatic samples collected from control animals. This novel botanical biofactory approach can be used to produce sufficient quantities of highly enriched and pure 13 C-lutein doses for use in tracer studies investigating lutein distribution, metabolism, and function.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-3702 , 1535-3699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1535370216675067
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020856-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Compassion Training Alters Altruism and Neural Responses to Suffering
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Psychological Science Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2013-07), p. 1171-1180
    Details
    In: Psychological Science, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2013-07), p. 1171-1180
    Abstract: Compassion is a key motivator of altruistic behavior, but little is known about individuals’ capacity to cultivate compassion through training. We examined whether compassion may be systematically trained by testing whether (a) short-term compassion training increases altruistic behavior and (b) individual differences in altruism are associated with training-induced changes in neural responses to suffering. In healthy adults, we found that compassion training increased altruistic redistribution of funds to a victim encountered outside of the training context. Furthermore, increased altruistic behavior after compassion training was associated with altered activation in brain regions implicated in social cognition and emotion regulation, including the inferior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and in DLPFC connectivity with the nucleus accumbens. These results suggest that compassion can be cultivated with training and that greater altruistic behavior may emerge from increased engagement of neural systems implicated in understanding the suffering of other people, executive and emotional control, and reward processing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-7976 , 1467-9280
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0956797612469537
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2022256-7
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 4
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    Physically meaningful uncertainty quantification in probabilistic wind turbine power curve models as a damage-sensitive feature
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Structural Health Monitoring
    Details
    In: Structural Health Monitoring, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: A wind turbines’ power curve is an easily accessible form of damage-sensitive data, and as such is a key part of structural health monitoring (SHM) in wind turbines. Power curve models can be constructed in a number of ways, but the authors argue that probabilistic methods carry inherent benefits in this use case, such as uncertainty quantification and allowing uncertainty propagation analysis. Many probabilistic power curve models have a key limitation in that they are not physically meaningful – they return mean and uncertainty predictions outside of what is physically possible (the maximum and minimum power outputs of the wind turbine). This paper investigates the use of two bounded Gaussian processes (GPs) in order to produce physically meaningful probabilistic power curve models. The first model investigated was a warped heteroscedastic Gaussian process, and was found to be ineffective due to specific shortcomings of the GP in relation to the warping function. The second model – an approximated GP with a Beta likelihood was highly successful and demonstrated that a working bounded probabilistic model results in better predictive uncertainty than a corresponding unbounded one without meaningful loss in predictive accuracy. Such a bounded model thus offers increased accuracy for performance monitoring and increased operator confidence in the model due to guaranteed physical plausibility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1475-9217 , 1741-3168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/14759217231155379
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2101420-6
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Hybrid Endovascular Aortic Arch Reconstruction for Acute Aortic Dissection: An Endovascular Bridge Technique for Complex Anatomy
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 143-147
    Details
    In: Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, SAGE Publications, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2018-02), p. 143-147
    Abstract: Acute type A aortic dissections starting at the arch pose a challenge for cardiac surgeons. Open surgical repair requires deep hypothermic circulatory arrest for arch reconstruction and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hybrid aortic repair techniques, with open arch debranching and thoracic endovascular aortic repair, have been employed in high-risk cases and challenging aortic pathology. Herein, we present a case of a 33-year-old African American male with a history of open thoracoabdominal aortic reconstruction and femoral–femoral artery bypass for a type B dissection who subsequently presented with new-onset chest pain and was found to have a retrograde type A dissection of a bovine arch with multiple dissection flaps and possible contrast extravasation on chest computed tomography. Endovascular reconstruction of the aortic arch using a hybrid technique was utilized and proved to be feasible and further should be considered when complex anatomy limits traditional surgical options.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1538-5744 , 1938-9116
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1538574417747037
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2095223-5
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Calretinin Staining in Anorectal Line Biopsies Accurately Distinguished Hirschsprung Disease in a Retrospective Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Pediatric and Developmental Pathology Vol. 25, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 645-655
    Details
    In: Pediatric and Developmental Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 25, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 645-655
    Abstract: The absence of submucosal ganglion cells does not reliably distinguish Hirschsprung disease from non Hirschsprung disease in anorectal line biopsies. Calretinin staining might be helpful in these biopsies. To determine its value, we analyzed calretinin positive mucosal neurites in anorectal line biopsies. Methods: Two pediatric pathologists, without access to patient data, evaluated calretinin positive mucosal neurites in anorectal line junctional mucosa in archival rectal biopsies contributed by 17 institutions. A separate investigator compiled patient information and sent data for statistical analysis. Results: Biopsies with anorectal junctional mucosa from 115 patients were evaluated for calretinin positive mucosal neurites. 20/20 Hirschsprung disease biopsies were negative. 87/88 non Hirschsprung disease biopsies and 7/7 post pullthrough Hirschsprung disease neorectal biopsies were positive. Statistical analysis of the 108 non pullthrough biopsies yielded an accuracy of 99.1% (sensitivity 100%, specificity 98.9%). Age range was preterm to 16 years. Biopsy size was less than 1 mm to over 1 cm. Conclusions: Absence of calretinin positive mucosal neurites at the anorectal line was highly accurate in distinguishing Hirschsprung disease from non Hirschsprung disease cases in this blinded retrospective study. Calretinin staining is useful for interpreting biopsies from the physiologic hypoganglionic zone up to the anorectal line.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1093-5266 , 1615-5742
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10935266221132602
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480654-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Implementation of the New York City Policy Restricting Sales of Flavored Non-Cigarette Tobacco Products
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Health Education & Behavior Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2019-10), p. 782-789
    Details
    In: Health Education & Behavior, SAGE Publications, Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2019-10), p. 782-789
    Abstract: Flavored tobacco products appeal to youth, and jurisdictions have implemented policy interventions to reduce youth tobacco initiation. This study reviews the process, challenges, and compliance monitoring of a flavored tobacco sales restriction. New York City (NYC) passed a policy restricting the sale of flavored non-cigarette tobacco products in 2009. To describe the policy’s passage, legal defense, implementation, and enforcement, we conducted stakeholder interviews, reviewed legislative and legal records, and analyzed administrative data on retailer inspections and violations. Extensive public and policy maker education efforts preceded this policy. Barriers included opposition to the policy’s passage and a tobacco manufacturer’s lawsuit that sought to halt the law’s implementation and to establish that NYC lacked the authority to restrict the sale of flavored products. The city implemented the flavored tobacco policy as intended and it withstood legal challenges. NYC integrated enforcement into the city’s retailer compliance monitoring infrastructure, and the violation rate is low. Our investigation of NYC’s experience with flavored tobacco policy implementation and enforcement can provide policy makers and health professionals with insights relevant to policy implementation, expand understanding of the potential impact of these kinds of policies, and inform compliance monitoring efforts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-1981 , 1552-6127
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1090198119853608
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2082564-X
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  • 8
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    A Randomized Trial of Behavioral Nudges Delivered Through Text Messages to Increase Influenza Vaccination Among Patients With an Upcoming Primary Care Visit
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  American Journal of Health Promotion Vol. 37, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 324-332
    Details
    In: American Journal of Health Promotion, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 324-332
    Abstract: To evaluate if nudges delivered by text message prior to an upcoming primary care visit can increase influenza vaccination rates. Design Randomized, controlled trial. Setting Two health systems in the Northeastern US between September 2020 and March 2021. Subjects 74,811 adults. Interventions Patients in the 19 intervention arms received 1-2 text messages in the 3 days preceding their appointment that varied in their format, interactivity, and content. Measures Influenza vaccination. Analysis Intention-to-treat. Results Participants had a mean (SD) age of 50.7 (16.2) years; 55.8% (41,771) were female, 70.6% (52,826) were White, and 19.0% (14,222) were Black. Among the interventions, 5 of 19 (26.3%) had a significantly greater vaccination rate than control. On average, the 19 interventions increased vaccination relative to control by 1.8 percentage points or 6.1% ( P = .005). The top performing text message described the vaccine to the patient as “reserved for you” and led to a 3.1 percentage point increase (95% CI, 1.3 to 4.9; P 〈 .001) in vaccination relative to control. Three of the top five performing messages described the vaccine as “reserved for you.” None of the interventions performed worse than control. Conclusions Text messages encouraging vaccination and delivered prior to an upcoming appointment significantly increased influenza vaccination rates and could be a scalable approach to increase vaccination more broadly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-1171 , 2168-6602
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08901171221131021
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2134271-4
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  • 9
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    Overview of Nonoperative Blunt Splenic Injury Management with Associated Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  The American Surgeon Vol. 83, No. 6 ( 2017-06), p. 554-558
    Details
    In: The American Surgeon, SAGE Publications, Vol. 83, No. 6 ( 2017-06), p. 554-558
    Abstract: The delayed development of splenic artery pseudoaneurysm (SAP) can complicate the non-operative management of splenic injuries. We sought to determine the utility of repeat imaging in diagnosing SAP in patients managed nonoperatively without angioembolization. We hypothesized that a significant rate of SAPs would be found in this population on repeat imaging. Patients undergoing nonoperative splenic injury management from January 2011 to June 2015 were queried from the trauma registry. Rates of repeat imaging, angioembolization, readmission, and SAP development were analyzed. Further, subanalyses investigating the incidence of SAP in patients managed nonoperatively without angioembolization were conducted. A total of 133 patients met inclusion criteria. Repeat imaging rate was 40 per cent, angioembolization rate was 26 per cent, and readmission rate was 6 per cent. Within the study population, nine SAPs were found (8/9 in patients with splenic injury grade ≥III). Of these nine SAPs, three (33%) were identified on initial scans and embolized, whereas six (67%) were found on repeat imaging in patients not initially receiving angioembolization. Splenic injuries are typically managed nonoperatively without serious complications. Our results suggest patients with splenic injuries grade ≥III managed nonoperatively without angioembolization should have repeat imaging within 48 hours to rule out the possibility of SAP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1348 , 1555-9823
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/000313481708300618
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 10
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    Brain Injury and Development in Preterm Infants Exposed to Fentanyl
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 49, No. 12 ( 2015-12), p. 1291-1297
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 49, No. 12 ( 2015-12), p. 1291-1297
    Abstract: Background: Fentanyl is commonly used in preterm infants. Relatively little is known regarding the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants exposed to fentanyl. Objective: To investigate the association between cumulative fentanyl dose and brain injury and diameters in a cohort of preterm infants. Methods: Data on demographics, perinatal course, and neonatal course, including total fentanyl exposure prior to term equivalent age, were retrospectively evaluated for 103 infants born at ≤30 weeks gestational age (mean gestational age 26.9 ± 1.8 weeks) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term equivalent age. Magnetic resonance images were evaluated for brain injury and regional brain diameters. Developmental testing was conducted at term equivalent and 2 years of age. Results: Seventy-eight infants (76%) received fentanyl (median cumulative dose 3 µg/kg, interquartile range 1-441 µg/kg). Cumulative fentanyl dose in the first week of life correlated with the incidence of cerebellar hemorrhage after correction for covariates (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1-4.1). Cumulative fentanyl dose before term equivalent age correlated with reductions in transverse cerebellar diameter after correction for covariates, including the presence of cerebellar hemorrhage ( r = 0.461, P = 0.002). No correlation was detected between cumulative fentanyl dose and development at 2 years of age. Conclusions: Higher cumulative fentanyl dose in preterm infants correlated with a higher incidence of cerebellar injury and lower cerebellar diameter at term equivalent age. Our findings must be taken with caution, but emphasize the need for future prospective trials examining the risks and benefits of commonly used analgesic agents in preterm infants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1060028015606732
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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