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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Individual Skill Predictors of the School- and Career-Related Adjustment of Adolescents With Disabilities
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2012-05), p. 39-49
    Details
    In: Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 1 ( 2012-05), p. 39-49
    Abstract: In this investigation, the authors examine the relationship between individual skills (i.e., career locus of control [LOC], social skills [SOC] , and social problem–solving skills [SPSS]) and the school- and perceived career–related adjustment of 211 students with disabilities. Data pertaining to individual skills were gathered from student reports, and data pertaining to adjustment were gathered from student and teacher perceptions. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that together LOC, SOC, and SPSS accounted for a significant amount of variance in student- and teacher-rated school- and career-related adjustment after controlling for disability type. Evaluation of individual predictors indicated that the strength of these associations varied according to data source and the specific predictor under study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2165-1434 , 2165-1442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0885728811427157
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2742988-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current recommendations/practices for anonymising data from clinical trials in order to make it available for sharing: A scoping review
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Clinical Trials Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 452-463
    Details
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 452-463
    Abstract: There are increasing pressures for anonymised datasets from clinical trials to be shared across the scientific community, and differing recommendations exist on how to perform anonymisation prior to sharing. We aimed to systematically identify, describe and synthesise existing recommendations for anonymising clinical trial datasets to prepare for data sharing. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE ® , EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to 8 February 2021. We also searched other resources to ensure the comprehensiveness of our search. Any publication reporting recommendations on anonymisation to enable data sharing from clinical trials was included. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full text for eligibility. One reviewer extracted data from included papers using thematic synthesis, which then was sense-checked by a second reviewer. Results were summarised by narrative analysis. Results Fifty-nine articles (from 43 studies) were eligible for inclusion. Three distinct themes are emerging: anonymisation, de-identification and pseudonymisation. The most commonly used anonymisation techniques are: removal of direct patient identifiers; and careful evaluation and modification of indirect identifiers to minimise the risk of identification. Anonymised datasets joined with controlled access was the preferred method for data sharing. Conclusions There is no single standardised set of recommendations on how to anonymise clinical trial datasets for sharing. However, this systematic review shows a developing consensus on techniques used to achieve anonymisation. Researchers in clinical trials still consider that anonymisation techniques by themselves are insufficient to protect patient privacy, and they need to be paired with controlled access.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/17407745221087469
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159773-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acquired infection during neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Perfusion Vol. 33, No. 6 ( 2018-09), p. 472-482
    Details
    In: Perfusion, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 6 ( 2018-09), p. 472-482
    Abstract: Our objectives are to (1) describe the pathogens, site, timing and risk factors for acquired infection during neonatal and pediatric ECMO and (2) explore the association between acquired infection and mortality. Methods: Secondary analysis of prospective data collected by the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network between December 2012 and September 2014. Clinical factors associated with acquired infection were assessed with multivariable Cox regression. Factors associated with mortality were assessed with logistic regression. Results: Of 481 patients, 247 (51.3%) were neonates and 400 (83.2%) received venoarterial ECMO. Eighty (16.6%) patients acquired one or more infections during ECMO; 60 (12.5%) patients had bacterial, 21 (4.4%) had fungal and 11 (2.3%) had viral infections. The site of infection included respiratory for 53 (11.0%) patients, bloodstream for 21 (4.4%), urine for 20 (4.2%) and other for 7 (1.5%). Candida species were most common. Median time to infection was 5.2 days (IQR 2.3, 9.6). On multivariable analysis, a greater number of procedures for ECMO cannula placement was independently associated with increased risk of acquired infection during ECMO (Hazard Ratio 2.13 (95% CI 1.22, 3.72), p 〈 0.01) and receiving ECMO in a neonatal ICU compared to a pediatric or cardiac ICU was associated with decreased risk (Hazard Ratio pediatric ICU 4.25 (95% CI 2.20, 8.20), cardiac ICU 2.91 (95% CI 1.48, 5.71), neonatal ICU as reference, p 〈 0.001). Acquired infection was not independently associated with mortality. Conclusion: ECMO procedures and location may contribute to acquired infection risk; however, acquired infection did not predict mortality in this study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0267-6591 , 1477-111X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0267659118766436
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029611-3
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Palliative care for people with advanced liver disease: A feasibility trial of a supportive care liver nurse specialist
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Palliative Medicine Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2018-05), p. 919-929
    Details
    In: Palliative Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2018-05), p. 919-929
    Abstract: Liver disease is an increasing cause of death worldwide but palliative care is largely absent for these patients. Aim: We conducted a feasibility trial of a complex intervention delivered by a supportive care liver nurse specialist to improve care coordination, anticipatory care planning and quality of life for people with advanced liver disease and their carers. Design: Patients received a 6-month intervention (alongside usual care) from a specially trained liver nurse specialist. The nurse supported patients/carers to live as well as possible with the condition and acted as a resource to facilitate care by community professionals. A mixed-method evaluation was conducted. Case note analysis and questionnaires examined resource use, care planning processes and quality-of-life outcomes over time. Interviews with patients, carers and professionals explored acceptability, effectiveness, feasibility and the intervention. Setting/participants: Patients with advanced liver disease who had an unplanned hospital admission with decompensated cirrhosis were recruited from an inpatient liver unit. The intervention was delivered to patients once they had returned home. Results: We recruited 47 patients, 27 family carers and 13 case-linked professionals. The intervention was acceptable to all participants. They welcomed access to additional expert advice, support and continuity of care. The intervention greatly increased the number of electronic summary care plans shared by primary care and hospitals. The Palliative care Outcome Scale and EuroQol-5D-5L questionnaire were suitable outcome measurement tools. Conclusion: This nurse-led intervention proved acceptable and feasible. We have refined the recruitment processes and outcome measures for a future randomised controlled trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-2163 , 1477-030X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0269216318760441
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027566-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unreported Summary Statistics in Trial Publications and Risk of Bias in Stroke Rehabilitation Systematic Reviews: An International Survey of Review Authors and Examination of Practical Solutions
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Stroke Medicine Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2019-12), p. 136-142
    Details
    In: Journal of Stroke Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2019-12), p. 136-142
    Abstract: Objective: Continuous outcome measures are essential in rehabilitation research. Incomplete reporting of their mean and standard deviation, required for meta-analysis, potentially introduces bias and imprecision if it prevents studies being included. We aimed to determine how often systematic reviewers encounter missing mean or standard deviation values and to recommend practical statistical solutions. Design: 1. Cross-sectional survey of systematic review authors. 2. Reanalysis of Cochrane review data to evaluate how accurately statistical methods for recovering missing mean or standard deviation values estimate the true meta-analysis treatment effect. Setting: Rehabilitation intervention systematic reviews. Participants: Cochrane stroke rehabilitation review authors; stroke patients. Interventions: Reanalysis of a Cochrane review of early supported discharge services. Main measures: Hospital length of stay. Results: Survey responses covered 53 of 70 Cochrane reviews. Almost all studied continuous outcome measures, 68% encountering missing summary statistics. Various solutions were attempted but 76% of meta-analyses omitted at least one study due to missing information. In the review reanalysis ( N = 1055), a method based on the minimum and maximum performed best in recovering missing standard deviations; a method based on the median, lower and upper quartiles successfully estimated a missing mean. Conclusion: Practical statistical methods help reduce risk of bias, maximise the evidence included in rehabilitation meta-analyses and offer a clear hierarchy of solutions to handling unreported mean and standard deviation values.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2516-6085 , 2516-6093
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2516608519873476
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3011515-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Authors’ reply
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Vol. 99, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 434-435
    Details
    In: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 99, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 434-435
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0141-0768 , 1758-1095
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/014107680609900905
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046643-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Authors’ reply
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Vol. 99, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 434-434
    Details
    In: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 99, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 434-434
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0141-0768 , 1758-1095
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/014107680609900926
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046643-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantification of Health States with Rank-Based Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Medical Decision Making Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2007-07), p. 395-405
    Details
    In: Medical Decision Making, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2007-07), p. 395-405
    Abstract: Objectives. An alternative methodology is introduced to generate cardinal valuations of health states. This methodology is based on the ranking of differences between health states combined with an associated scaling model that transforms the individual rank data into group values on the interval level. Methods. Data were collected in a Dutch EuroQol EQ-5D valuation study, in which a representative sample (n = 212) of the Dutch population valued a set of 18 EQ-5D health states and death. Three computational steps were undertaken: 1) differences in visual analog scale (VAS) values were computed for each pair of health states based on individual data; 2) the rank ordering of these pairwise differences was derived; 3) nonmetric multidimensional scaling was used to recover cardinal scale values for each state based on these rankings of differences. Results. Scaling of ranked differences between health states using multidimensional scaling produced cardinal values that were nearly identical to the mean VAS valuations. The rank-based values explained 98% of the variance in the VAS values. Conclusion. Ordinal data collection techniques, combined with scaling models, may offer an attractive alternative to direct cardinal elicitation methods for valuing health states.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-989X , 1552-681X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0272989X07302131
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040405-0
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  • 9
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    Trends in National and State-Level Obesity in the USA after Correction for Self-Report Bias: Analysis of Health Surveys
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Vol. 99, No. 5 ( 2006-05), p. 250-257
    Details
    In: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 99, No. 5 ( 2006-05), p. 250-257
    Abstract: To quantify population-level bias in self-reported weight and height as a function of age, sex, and the mode of self-report, and to estimate unbiased trends in national and state level obesity in the USA. Design Statistical analysis of repeated cross-sectional health examination surveys (the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES]) and health surveys (the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [BRFSS] ) in the USA. Setting The 50 states of the USA and the District of Columbia. Results In the USA, on average, women underreported their weight, but men did not. Young and middle-aged (565 years) adult men over-reported their height more than women of the same age. In older age groups, over-reporting of height was similar in men and women. Population-level bias in self-reported weight was larger in telephone interviews (BRFSS) than in-person interviews (NHANES). Except in older adults, height was over-reported more often in telephone interviews than in-person interviews. Using corrected weight and height in the year 2000, Mississippi (31%) and Texas (30%) had the highest prevalence of obesity for men; Texas (37%), Louisiana (37%), Mississippi (37%), District of Columbia (37%), Alabama (37%), and South Carolina (36%) for women. Conclusions Population-level bias in self-reported weight and height is larger in telephone interviews than in-person interviews. Telephone interviews are a low-cost method for regular, nationally- and sub-nationally representative monitoring of obesity. It is possible to obtain corrected estimates of trends and geographical distributions of obesity from telephone interviews by using systematic analysis which measure weight and height from an independent sample of the same population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0141-0768 , 1758-1095
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/014107680609900517
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046643-2
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Anticoagulation practices associated with bleeding and thrombosis in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; a multi-center secondary analysis
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Perfusion Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 363-372
    Details
    In: Perfusion, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 363-372
    Abstract: To determine associations between anticoagulation practices and bleeding and thrombosis during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), we performed a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data which included 481 children ( 〈 19 years), between January 2012 and September 2014. The primary outcome was bleeding or thrombotic events. Bleeding events included a blood product transfusion 〉 80 ml/kg on any day, pulmonary hemorrhage, or intracranial bleeding, Thrombotic events included pulmonary emboli, intracranial clot, limb ischemia, cardiac clot, and arterial cannula or entire circuit change. Bleeding occurred in 42% of patients. Five percent of subjects thrombosed, of which 89% also bled. Daily bleeding odds were independently associated with day prior activated clotting time (ACT) (OR 1.03, 95% CI= 1.00, 1.05, p=0.047) and fibrinogen levels (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84, 0.96, p 〈 0.001). Thrombosis odds decreased with increased day prior heparin dose (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81, 0.97, p=0.006). Lower ACT values and increased fibrinogen levels may be considered to decrease the odds of bleeding. Use of this single measure, however, may not be sufficient alone to guide optimal anticoagulation practice during ECMO.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0267-6591 , 1477-111X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/02676591211056562
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029611-3
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