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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Use of a Qualitative Story Deck to Create Scenarios and Uncover Factors Associated with African American Participation in Genomics Research
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Field Methods Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2021-05), p. 159-174
    Details
    In: Field Methods, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2021-05), p. 159-174
    Abstract: To explore the willingness to participate in genomics research among African Americans, we developed a technique specifically suited to a relaxed social setting. The “Qualitative Story Deck,” (QSD) is a gamified, structured elicitation technique that allows for the spontaneous creation of scenarios with variable attributes. We used the QSD to create research scenarios that varied on four details (race/ethnicity of the researcher, research goal, biospecimen requested, and institutional affiliation). Participants created scenarios by randomly choosing cards from these categories and provided: (1) a judgment about their willingness to participate in the research project represented; and (2) their thought process in reaching a decision. The QSD has applicability to topics involving decision making or in cases where it would be beneficial to provide vignettes with alternate attributes. Additional benefits include rapid rapport building, applicability to little known or sensitive topics, and suitability for both qualitative and quantitative analyses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-822X , 1552-3969
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1525822X20982089
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 2
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    Coping with global uncertainty: Perceptions of COVID-19 psychological distress, relationship quality, and dyadic coping for romantic partners across 27 countries
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Vol. 39, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 3-33
    Details
    In: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, SAGE Publications, Vol. 39, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 3-33
    Abstract: Following the global outbreak of COVID-19 in March 2020, individuals report psychological distress associated with the “new normal”—social distancing, financial hardships, and increased responsibilities while working from home. Given the interpersonal nature of stress and coping responses between romantic partners, based on the systemic transactional model this study posits that perceived partner dyadic coping may be an important moderator between experiences of COVID-19 psychological distress and relationship quality. To examine these associations, self-report data from 14,020 people across 27 countries were collected during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–July, 2020). It was hypothesized that higher symptoms of psychological distress would be reported post-COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID-19 restrictions (Hypothesis 1), reports of post-COVID-19 psychological distress would be negatively associated with relationship quality (Hypothesis 2), and perceived partner DC would moderate these associations (Hypothesis 3). While hypotheses were generally supported, results also showed interesting between-country variability. Limitations and future directions are presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0265-4075 , 1460-3608
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/02654075211034236
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Disparities in Access to Essential New Prescription Drugs between Non-Hispanic Whites, Non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanic Whites
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Medical Care Research and Review Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2006-12), p. 742-763
    Details
    In: Medical Care Research and Review, SAGE Publications, Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2006-12), p. 742-763
    Abstract: Prior studies do not address racial and ethnic disparities in essential new drug use and whether disparities decrease through time. Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1996-2001), racial and ethnic disparities were examined separately by comparing non-Hispanic whites to non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanic whites, respectively. New drugs were defined as approved within the past 5 years, and an expert panel identified essential drugs. Negative binomial models adjusted for socioeconomic and health characteristics. The mean annual number of times essential new drugs were obtained among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanic whites were 1.02, 0.94, and 0.70, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, ethnic disparities generally were not significant, but racial disparities became significant. This study did not identify declining disparities during early years of drugs’ life cycles. Disparities exist in new, essential drug acquisition between non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks. Socioeconomic and health characteristics explain many of the observed disparities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1077-5587 , 1552-6801
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1077558706293638
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070248-6
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  • 4
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    Carer burden: Associations with attachment, self-efficacy, and care-seeking
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Vol. 39, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1213-1236
    Details
    In: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, SAGE Publications, Vol. 39, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1213-1236
    Abstract: Familial caregiving research is yet to examine the factors that underpin the association between attachment insecurity and carer burden. Furthermore, previous research consists largely of data collected at a single point in time. This paper addresses these gaps by reporting on a study involving 57 parent–child dyads to determine whether adult children’s caregiving self-efficacy mediates the association between carer attachment insecurity and carer burden. Furthermore, care-recipient care-seeking style was investigated as a moderator of the association between carer’s attachment insecurity and their self-efficacy. Carers completed self-report measures of attachment orientations at baseline, caregiving self-efficacy at 3 months, and carer burden at 6 months. At 3 months, dyads also engaged in a video-recorded caregiving discussion task assessing care-recipient’s observed care-seeking style. The mediation effects of carer attachment orientations on burden through caregiving self-efficacy were contingent on care-recipient indirect-constructive care-seeking. Findings highlight the complex interplay between carer attachment orientations, caregiving self-efficacy, and care-recipient care-seeking style in predicting the burden experienced by adult children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0265-4075 , 1460-3608
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/02654075211049435
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  MDM Policy & Practice Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 238146832110610-
    Details
    In: MDM Policy & Practice, SAGE Publications, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 238146832110610-
    Abstract: Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2381-4683 , 2381-4683
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/23814683211061097
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2861432-X
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  • 6
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    Do Bayesian adaptive trials offer advantages for comparative effectiveness research? Protocol for the RE-ADAPT study
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Clinical Trials Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2013-10), p. 807-827
    Details
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2013-10), p. 807-827
    Abstract: Randomized clinical trials, particularly for comparative effectiveness research (CER), are frequently criticized for being overly restrictive or untimely for health-care decision making. Purpose Our prospectively designed REsearch in ADAptive methods for Pragmatic Trials (RE-ADAPT) study is a ‘proof of concept’ to stimulate investment in Bayesian adaptive designs for future CER trials. Methods We will assess whether Bayesian adaptive designs offer potential efficiencies in CER by simulating a re-execution of the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) study using actual data from ALLHAT. Results We prospectively define seven alternate designs consisting of various combinations of arm dropping, adaptive randomization, and early stopping and describe how these designs will be compared to the original ALLHAT design. We identify the one particular design that would have been executed, which incorporates early stopping and information-based adaptive randomization. Limitations While the simulation realistically emulates patient enrollment, interim analyses, and adaptive changes to design, it cannot incorporate key features like the involvement of data monitoring committee in making decisions about adaptive changes. Conclusion This article describes our analytic approach for RE-ADAPT. The next stage of the project is to conduct the re-execution analyses using the seven prespecified designs and the original ALLHAT data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1740774513497293
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159773-X
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  • 7
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    Personalized Strategies to Activate and Empower Patients in Health Care and Reduce Health Disparities
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Health Education & Behavior Vol. 43, No. 1 ( 2016-02), p. 25-34
    Details
    In: Health Education & Behavior, SAGE Publications, Vol. 43, No. 1 ( 2016-02), p. 25-34
    Abstract: Designing culturally sensitive personalized interventions is essential to sustain patients’ involvement in their treatment and encourage patients to take an active role in their own health and health care. We consider patient activation and empowerment as a cyclical process defined through patient accumulation of knowledge, confidence, and self-determination for their own health and health care. We propose a patient-centered, multilevel activation and empowerment framework (individual-, health care professional-, community-, and health care delivery system-level) to inform the development of culturally informed personalized patient activation and empowerment (P-PAE) interventions to improve population health and reduce racial and ethnic disparities. We discuss relevant Affordable Care Act payment and delivery policy reforms and how they affect patient activation and empowerment. Such policies include Accountable Care Organizations and value-based purchasing, patient-centered medical homes, and the community health benefit. Challenges and possible solutions to implementing the P-PAE are discussed. Comprehensive and longitudinal data sets with consistent P-PAE measures are needed to conduct comparative effectiveness analyses to evaluate the optimal P-PAE model. We believe the P-PAE model is timely and sustainable and will be critical to engaging patients in their treatment, developing patients’ abilities to manage their health, helping patients express concerns and preferences regarding treatment, empowering patients to ask questions about treatment options, and building up strategic patient–provider partnerships through shared decision making.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-1981 , 1552-6127
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1090198115579415
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2082564-X
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  • 8
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    Racial Differences in Hospital Discharge Disposition among Stroke Patients in Maryland
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Medical Decision Making Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2007-05), p. 233-242
    Details
    In: Medical Decision Making, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2007-05), p. 233-242
    Abstract: Objective. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the evidence for racial differences in discharge disposition among patients hospitalized for stroke. Data. Hospital discharge data from the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission were used in the analysis. The data covered the period from January 2000 to September 2003. Study design. Discharge-disposition categories were ordered such that higher numbers corresponded to less desirable outcomes: 1 = discharge to home; 2 = discharge to any medical care facility; 3 = death. We analyzed the influence of black race on the discharge disposition by estimating a partial proportional odds logit regression model that included demographic and clinical covariates. Data extraction. The study inclusion criteria were 1) stroke (ICD9 431—434; 436—438) as a primary admission diagnosis and 2) patient race identified as black or white. Patients discharged against medical advice were excluded. The sample contained 51,564 stroke hospitalizations. Principal findings. Based on the relative odds ratios (OR; 95% confidence interval [CI]), black males were more likely to be discharged to higher ranked (i.e., less desirable) discharge categories (OR = 1.66; CI 1.55—1.77) compared to white males. Black females were more likely to die (OR = 1.14; CI 1.02—1.28) and more likely either to die or to be discharged to medical care (OR = 1.38; CI 1.24—1.54) compared to white males. Conclusions. Blacks are at greater mortality risk following stroke hospitalizations and face less desirable discharge dispositions if they survive. These results are consistent with prior reports of lower survival rates among blacks and are robust to adjustments for various confounding factors. Key words: patient discharge; African Americans; cerebrovascular stroke; in-hospital mortality. (Med Decis Making 2007;27:233—242)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-989X , 1552-681X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0272989X07302130
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040405-0
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  • 9
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    Are Communities Willing to Transition Into Learning Health Care Communities? A Community-Based Participatory Evaluation of Stakeholders’ Receptivity
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Qualitative Health Research Vol. 31, No. 8 ( 2021-07), p. 1412-1422
    Details
    In: Qualitative Health Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 8 ( 2021-07), p. 1412-1422
    Abstract: This article aims to determine receptivity for advancing the Learning Healthcare System (LHS) model to a novel evidence-based health care delivery framework—Learning Health Care Community (LHCC)—in Baltimore, as a model for a national initiative. Using community-based participatory, qualitative approach, we conducted 16 in-depth interviews and 15 focus groups with 94 participants. Two independent coders thematically analyzed the transcripts. Participants included community members (38%), health care professionals (29%), patients (26%), and other stakeholders (7%). The majority considered LHCC to be a viable model for improving the health care experience, outlining certain parameters for success such as the inclusion of home visits, presentation of research evidence, and incorporation of social determinants and patients’ input. Lessons learned and challenges discussed by participants can help health systems and communities explore the LHCC aspiration to align health care delivery with an engaged, empowered, and informed community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1049-7323 , 1552-7557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1049732321998643
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010333-5
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  • 10
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    New Diagnosis of Hypertension among Celecoxib and Nonselective NSAID Users: A Population-Based Cohort Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 41, No. 6 ( 2007-06), p. 937-943
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 41, No. 6 ( 2007-06), p. 937-943
    Abstract: The use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been associated with increased blood pressure and hypertension. However, less is known about how the risk of hypertension is associated with cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitors (coxibs), especially celecoxib, the only coxib remaining on the market. OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of incident hypertension associated with the use of celecoxib and nonselective (NS) NSAIDs. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted using secondary data from the GE Centricity Electronic Medical Record database, which contains millions of patient records seen by thousands of physicians across the US. The index date was defined as the date of the first NSNSAID or celecoxib prescription between January 1, 1999, and June 30, 2004. Patients were included if they were aged 18 years or older and were enrolled for at least 365 days prior to the index date. Excluded were patients who had any prior diagnosis of hypertension or pregnancy-related hypertension during the pre- or postindex date period. Also excluded were patients who had any prior prescription for antihypertensive drugs, coxibs, or NSNSAIDs. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, each celecoxib user was matched to 2 NSNSAID users by sex, age (±5 y), propensity score (within 0.2 SD), and number of unique drugs (±20%). Descriptive and survival analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 51 444 patients, of whom 17 148 were on celecoxib and 34 296 were on NSNSAIDs. Relative to NSNSAID users, patients on celecoxib had a similar rate of postexposure hypertension incidence (HR 1.013; 95% CI 0.862 to 1.190). CONCLUSIONS: Results from a population-based cohort analysis of electronic medical records did not show any difference in the hazard rates of incident hypertension between celecoxib and NSNSAID users. ANTECEDENTES: El uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroidales (AINEs) ha sido asociado a un incremento en la presión arterial y en el riesgo de hipertensión. Sin embargo, el riesgo de hipertensión asociado al uso de una nueva clase de AINEs conocidos como los inhibidores selectivos de la ciclooxigenasa II ó COX-2, es menos claro.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.1H659
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
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