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  • 1
    In: Tropical Conservation Science, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11 ( 2018-01), p. 194008291881907-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1940-0829 , 1940-0829
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2496920-5
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  • 2
    In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2012-05), p. 569-577
    Abstract: Background: The association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 haplotype has been proven to be strong, but its molecular basis remains unclear. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants and sex have been proposed to modulate this association. Objectives: 1) Test the association of MS with *15:01 and VDR variants; 2) check whether VDR variants and/or sex modulate the risk conferred by *15:01; 3) study whether *15:01, VDR variants and/or sex affect HLA II gene expression. Methods: Peripheral blood from 364 MS patients and 513 healthy controls was obtained and DNA and total RNA were extracted from leukocytes. HLA-DRB1, DRB5 and DQA1 gene expression measurements and *15:01 genotyping were performed by qPCR. VDR variants were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Results: Our data confirms that the *15:01 haplotype confers a higher risk of suffering from MS (OR = 1.364; 95% CI = 1.107–1.681). No association was found between VDR variants and MS, but they were shown to moderately modulate the risk conferred by *15:01. Sex confers a much stronger modulation and the *15:01-MS association seems to be female specific. A higher *15:01 frequency has been observed in Basques (45.1%). *15:01 positive samples showed a significant overexpression of DRB1 ( p 〈 0.001), DRB5 ( p 〈 0.001) and DQA1 ( p = 0.004) in patients. DRB1 ( p = 0.004) and DRB5 ( p 〈 0.001) were also overexpressed in *15:01 controls. Conclusions: We confirm the *15:01-MS association and support that it is female specific. The relevance of ethnic origin on association studies has also been highlighted. HLA-DRB1*15:01 seems to be a haplotype consistently linked to high HLA II gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-4585 , 1477-0970
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008225-3
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 1-2 ( 2023-01), p. 443-465
    Abstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with a higher risk of contracting HIV and developing worse HIV outcomes. This cross-sectional, mixed methods study presents data on IPV using the Conflicts Tactics Scale (CTS2-S) among 180 persons with HIV in Lima, Peru, as well as qualitative interviews with 7 of them and 18 of their community caregivers. This study used data collected for a randomized controlled trial (RCT), CASAommunity Based Accompaniment with Supervised Antiretrovirals (CASA) Community-based Accompaniment with Supervised Antiretrovirals (CASA). Physical or sexual IPV was self-reported in 82 (45.6%) of participants reporting having been in a relationship in the last year and 59,8% of those were involved in bidirectional violence. Coping subscales, social support, and stigma were associated with IPV. Intimate partner violence negatively impacted patient adherence to medication and care, particularly during times of severe conflict. In conclusion, profound psychosocial vulnerability—including low social support, substance use as coping, and HIV stigma—contextualize IPV among people with HIV. Bidirectional violence often evolved over time as victims negotiated inter-personal strategies for survival, including retaliation. Interventions should focus on a deeper understanding IPV and facilitating of coping mechanisms to help people with HIV stay in care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-2605 , 1552-6518
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028900-5
    SSG: 2
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 4
    In: Toxicologic Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2022-04), p. 280-293
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans has a wide range of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to severe illness. Suitable animal models mimicking varying degrees of clinical disease manifestations could expedite development of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Here we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection resulted in subclinical disease in rhesus macaques with mild pneumonia and clinical disease in Syrian hamsters with severe pneumonia. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, or in situ hybridization. Replicating virus in the lungs was identified using in situ hybridization or virus plaque forming assays. Viral encephalitis, reported in some COVID-19 patients, was identified in one macaque and was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. There was no evidence of encephalitis in hamsters. Severity and distribution of lung inflammation were substantially more in hamsters compared with macaques and exhibited vascular changes and virus-induced cytopathic changes as seen in COVID-19 patients. Neither the hamster nor macaque models demonstrated evidence for multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS). Data presented here demonstrate that macaques may be appropriate for mechanistic studies of mild asymptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia and COVID-19-associated encephalitis, whereas Syrian hamsters may be more suited to study severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-6233 , 1533-1601
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056753-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2002-6-1), p. 178-182
    In: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2002-6-1), p. 178-182
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1357-633X , 1357-633X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007700-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare Vol. 13, No. 1_suppl ( 2007-07), p. 32-34
    In: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 1_suppl ( 2007-07), p. 32-34
    Abstract: A multicentre trial of a Web-based personal electronic health record (pEHR) service was conducted in three different European hospitals. A total of 150 patients and 22 health-care professionals were involved. The service was customised according to the needs of three groups of patients who had congenital heart disease, Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes. Two structured questionnaires, one for patients and one for health-care professionals, were used to collect their views on the pEHR service. The questions were about usability and user friendliness, safety and trustworthiness, reliability, functionality, satisfaction and the potential revenue model of the service in the case of future deployment. Patients perceived the service as very motivating and felt that it could help them in managing their clinical information. Health-care professionals showed a very positive attitude towards the use of the service and its potential for future large-scale deployment. They were also keen to recommend the service to their patients. Both study groups were unwilling to pay for the service and preferred it to be sponsored by a third party (e.g. the National Health Service).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1357-633X , 1758-1109
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007700-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 18-25
    In: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 18-25
    Abstract: HIV and poor mental health are intricately related. In settings of poverty, both are often rooted in structural factors related to material and social deprivation. We performed a qualitative analysis to understand factors contributing to poor emotional health and its impact among impoverished Peruvian HIV-infected individuals. We conducted focus group discussions with patients and providers consisting of semistructured, open-ended questions. Qualitative analysis provided insight into the profound impact of depression, isolation, stigma, and lack of social support among these patients. Living with HIV contributed significantly to mental health problems experienced by HIV-positive individuals; furthermore, long-standing stressors—such as economic hardship, fragmented family relationships, and substance use—shaped patients’ outlooks, and may have contributed not only to current emotional hardship but to risk factors for contracting HIV as well. Once diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, many patients experienced hopelessness, stigma, and socioeconomic marginalization. Patients tended to rely on informal sources of support, including peers and community health workers, and rarely used formal mental health services. In resource-poor settings, the context of mental health problems among HIV-positive individuals must be framed within the larger structural context of poverty and social exclusion. Optimal strategies to address the mental health problems of these individuals should include integrating mental health services into HIV care, task shifting to utilize community health workers where human resources are scarce, and interventions aimed at poverty alleviation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1545-1097
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2709037-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 1996
    In:  Food and Nutrition Bulletin Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 1996-09), p. 1-6
    In: Food and Nutrition Bulletin, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 1996-09), p. 1-6
    Abstract: The bubble chart is a growth chart that has a vertical layout rather than the more common horizontal one, and bubbles instead of cries-crossing lines. The present project aimed to evaluate knowledge, understanding, and use of the bubble chart by 85 mothers living in a rural area of central Mexico. The evaluation was done with a pre-intervention post-intervention design, and was based on Bloom's taxonomy of the learning process, which defines a sequence that goes from knowledge to understanding (comprising translation, interpretation, and extrapolation), and finally to application. All areas evaluated showed an increase between pre-intervention and post-intervention, with a statistically significant (p 〈 .05) increase in knowledge, interpretation, and application; the mothers ranked highest in knowledge. The children's nutritional status increased significantly (p 〈 .0001) between pre-intervention and post-intervention. Except for one child, they had at least one period of weight loss during the study period. However, 81% of them gained weight most of the time (i.e., at least two-thirds of records showed weight increments), 7% maintained their weight most of the time (at least two-thirds of weight records showed neither gain nor loss), and 12% lost weight most of the time (at least two-thirds of records showed weight loss). Mothers of children who mostly gained weight had higher knowledge, understanding, and application scores (p 〈 .01). Similarly, these mothers were most likely to perform all the activities promoted as part of the growth programme (p 〈 .001).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0379-5721 , 1564-8265
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075729-3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Food and Nutrition Bulletin Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2002-01), p. 349-350
    In: Food and Nutrition Bulletin, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2002-01), p. 349-350
    Abstract: Although the nutrition situation in most Latin American countries is improving and malnutrition is easing, worrisome factors are emerging. Huge rural-to-urban migrations have been accompanied by a worsening nutrition situation in rural populations, especially in Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil, a phenomenon not readily apparent from average food availability and malnutrition data. Average figures can also mask the severe nutrition problems that persist in four densely populated areas: the Caribbean Islands, Central America, the andean region, and parts of Brazil. Although globalization is improving the nutritional status of many population groups in Latin America, it is also creating new pressures. Latin American countries dependent on agriculture are especially vulnerable.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0379-5721 , 1564-8265
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075729-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2002-06), p. 178-182
    In: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2002-06), p. 178-182
    Abstract: We recorded the activity over one year of users of two identical teleradiology systems installed at different primary care centres. In one centre, which generated 3711 cases, the process was conducted according to the decisions made by the general practitioner (GP); in the second, which generated 3786 cases, the radiologist at the referral hospital controlled the process. In a one-year study, the number of studies created, transmitted and interpreted per day was similar in the two scenarios (14.3 vs 14.6, respectively); however, there were considerable differences in the number of images (2.2 vs 1.8, respectively) and folder volume (19.2 vs 14.3 Mbyte, respectively) per study. Also, there were differences in the time taken to create the patient folders (4 min 35 s vs 2 min 55 s, respectively) and the time taken for the radiologist to diagnose a case (3 min 32 s vs 2 min 47 s, respectively), which may be important at high workloads. The radiologist-driven scenario included 64 rejected requests (1.6% of cases) and 280 studies in which additional images were required (7.4% of cases). Whenever it is possible to choose, the radiologist-driven scenario for teleradiology appears to be preferable. A prerequisite for successful teleradiology is the availability of appropriate bandwidth and operational protocols.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1357-633X , 1758-1109
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007700-2
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