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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Residual flexural strength after impact for textile carbon fiber reinforced polycarbonate laminates
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 2015-05), p. 830-838
    Details
    In: Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 2015-05), p. 830-838
    Abstract: This study prepared textile carbon fiber reinforced polycarbonate laminates of three kinds molded with different conditions and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy laminates consisting of the same carbon fiber textile. Drop-weight impact tests were conducted for these four laminates with three levels of impact energies. The residual flexural strengths were measured after impact. Results show that the residual flexural strengths for all laminates decrease clearly with increasing impact energy. The flexural strengths of these laminates without impact damage have mutually different values. Furthermore, the laminates exhibit a decreasing ratio of residual flexural strength by impact damage with mutually differing values. The reasons were examined through observations conducted using ultrasonic flaw detection and digital microscope.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0731-6844 , 1530-7964
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0731684415581072
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2051886-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reference intervals for plasma-free amino acid in a Japanese population
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine Vol. 53, No. 3 ( 2016-05), p. 357-364
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 53, No. 3 ( 2016-05), p. 357-364
    Abstract: Plasma amino acid concentrations vary with various diseases. Although reference intervals are useful in daily clinical practice, no reference intervals have been reported for plasma amino acids in a large Japanese population. Methods Reference individuals were selected from 7685 subjects examined with the Japanese Ningen Dock in 2008. A total of 1890 individuals were selected based on exclusion criteria, and the reference samples were selected after the outlier samples for each amino acid concentration were excluded. The lower limit of the reference intervals for the plasma amino acid concentrations was set at the 2.5th percentile and the upper limit at the 97.5th percentile. Results By use of the nested analysis of variance, we analysed a large dataset of plasma samples and the effects of background factors (sex, age and body mass index [BMI]) on the plasma amino acid concentrations. Most amino acid concentrations were related to sex, especially those of branched-chained amino acid. The citrulline, glutamine, ornithine and lysine concentrations were related to age. The glutamate concentration was related to body mass index. Conclusions The concentrations of most amino acids are more strongly related to sex than to age or body mass index. Our results indicate that the reference intervals for plasma amino acid concentrations should be stratified by sex when the background factors of age and body mass index are considered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004563215583360
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041298-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Multidimensional Evaluation Method for the Psychological Effects of Pure Tones at Low and Infrasonic Frequencies
    SAGE Publications ; 1986
    In:  Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986-09), p. 104-112
    Details
    In: Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986-09), p. 104-112
    Abstract: Subjective ratings of pure tones at low and infrasonic (3–40 Hz) were obtained on a set of semantic-differential-type scales and were analysed by factor analysis. From the results, it was concluded that there are three main factors in the human response to the stimulus sound, these are 1) sound pressure, 2) vibration, and 3) loudness. In order to predict the human responses from the physical variables of the sound stimuli, prediction equations were derived for each of the three factors. Also, equal sensation contours for the factors were obtained. From these results, a new evaluation method for the psychological effects is proposed, which considers the multidimensional aspects of human perception at loww and infrasonic frequencies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1461-3484 , 2048-4046
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/026309238600500303
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1986
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025887-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prediction of Tensile Fatigue Life for Unidirectional CFRP
    SAGE Publications ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Composite Materials Vol. 34, No. 7 ( 2000-04), p. 538-550
    Details
    In: Journal of Composite Materials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 7 ( 2000-04), p. 538-550
    Abstract: Tensile fatigue strength in unidirectional CFRP depends on time and temperature as well as number of cycles. A prediction method of fatigue strength proposed [14] for polymer composites meeting certain conditions and confirmed for flexural fatigue strength of satin-woven CFRP laminates is applied to the tensile fatigue life of unidirectional CFRP. The method is based upon the four hypotheses: (A) same failure mechanisms for constant strain-rate (CSR), creep, and fatigue failure, (B) same time-temperature superposition principle for all failure strengths, (C) linear cumulative damage law for monotonic loading, and (D) linear dependence of fatigue strength upon stress ratio. Data are provided for tensile CSR, creep, and fatigue tests at various temperatures in the longitudinal direction of unidirectional CFRP. Experimental verification of the prediction method for the tensile fatigue strength of the unidirectional CFRP is presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9983 , 1530-793X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/002199830003400701
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 160490-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2081924-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Silencing of HIV-1 Gene Expression by Two Types of siRNA Expression Systems
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2006-10), p. 241-249
    Details
    In: Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2006-10), p. 241-249
    Abstract: The RNA interference (RNAi) phenomenon is a recently discovered process in which the introduction of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into cells causes the specific degradation of mRNA containing the same sequence. We designed mammalian expression vectors that direct the synthesis of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-like transcripts and examined them for their siRNA-mediated gene interference targeting the env gene (NL4–3:7490–7508, E7490). We constructed siRNA expression vectors for two different strands (sense and antisense; tandem promoter) and for siRNA expressed from the short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The inhibition efficacy on HIV–1 replication differed between these two vectors. Notably, the shRNA vector pU6-env-shRNA inhibited p24 production more effectively than the tandem promoter expression vector pU6-env-siRNA. Furthermore, we examined the ability of lentiviral vectors expressing shRNA to suppress HIV-1 expression in HIV-1-infected SupT1 cells. The env-shRNA (E 7490) almost completely suppressed HIV-1 expression in infected cells for up to 15 days.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2040-2066 , 2040-2066
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/095632020601700501
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130088-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In Vitro and in Vivo Transport and Delivery of Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides with Cationic Liposomes
    SAGE Publications ; 2004
    In:  Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2004-04), p. 87-94
    Details
    In: Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2004-04), p. 87-94
    Abstract: A recent strategy in gene therapy has been using antiviral genes that are delivered to uninfected cells, either as RNA or DNA, to provide intracellular protection from human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Antisense oligonucleotides that are complementary to specific target genes suppress gene expression. A variety of techniques are available to enhance the cellular uptake and pharmacological effectiveness of anti-sense oligonucleotides, both in vitro and in vivo. We investigated the intracellular and tissue uptake of an oligonucleotide/cationic lipid complex, using a fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide. The antisense oligonucleotide was designed against the HIV-1 gag gene sequence. A T-cell line (MT-4) and PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were both infected with HIV-1 NL432 at an MOI of 0.01. One h later, both cultures were washed and treated with medium containing 1 μM antisense oligonucleotide. After a 3-day interval, the HIV-1 antigen expression was monitored by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. At 3 days post-infection, we confirmed that p24 antigen production was inhibited by the anti-sense oligonucleotide/cationic lipid complex at a 1/10 ratio in the PBMCs, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also confirmed the intracellular existence of the complex by fluorescent microscopy. We investigated different means of transporting the antisense oligonucleotide/cationic lipid complex to mouse tissues by intravenous, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injections. We observed that the anti-HIV-1 activity of the antisense oligonucleotide/cationic lipid complex was the result of enhanced cellular uptake, both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the antisense oligonucleotide/ cationic lipid complex is an excellent system for the transport and delivery of genes to target cells, as it is effective both in vitro and in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2040-2066 , 2040-2066
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/095632020401500205
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130088-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inhibition of HIV-1 Replication by an HIV-1 Dependent Ribozyme Expression Vector with the Cre/loxP (ON/OFF) System
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2002-10), p. 273-281
    Details
    In: Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2002-10), p. 273-281
    Abstract: Antiviral strategies to inhibit HIV-1 replication have included the generation of gene products that provide the intracellular inhibition of an essential viral protein or RNA. When used in conjunction with the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR), an inducible promoter dependent on the virus-encoded trans-activator ( tat), relatively high background activity is still observed in the absence of tat (Caruso & Klatzmann, 1992; Dinges et al., 1995). In order to circumvent this problem, we used the Cre/loxP (ON/OFF) recombination system as a tool for our investigation. In the present study, we constructed a loxP-cassette vector with the ribozyme (Rz) expression portion under the control of the tRNA i Met promoter between two loxP sequences (plox-Rz-U5). We also constructed an HIV-1 LTR promoter-driven Cre recombinase gene (pLTR-Cre). These vectors were triple-transfected into HeLa CD4 cells with the HIV-1 pseudo-type viral expression vector. Basal activity was not detectable before HIV-1 infection. The LTR-dependent Cre protein product in HIV-1 infected HeLa CD4 cells expressed the ribozyme by inducing loxP homologous recombination, which strongly inhibited the HIV-1 gene expression. These results demonstrate the potential of an anti-ribozyme with the Cre/loxP system for controlling HIV-1 infection via gene therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2040-2066 , 2040-2066
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/095632020201300502
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130088-4
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