GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathogens, patterns of pneumonia, and epidemiologic risk factors associated with respiratory disease in recently weaned cattle in Ireland
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 20-34
    Details
    In: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 20-34
    Abstract: We examined the pathogens, morphologic patterns, and risk factors associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in 136 recently weaned cattle (“weanlings”), 6–12 mo of age, that were submitted for postmortem examination to regional veterinary laboratories in Ireland. A standardized sampling protocol included routine microbiologic investigations as well as polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Lungs with histologic lesions were categorized into 1 of 5 morphologic patterns of pneumonia. Fibrinosuppurative bronchopneumonia (49%) and interstitial pneumonia (48%) were the morphologic patterns recorded most frequently. The various morphologic patterns of pulmonary lesions suggest the involvement of variable combinations of initiating and compounding infectious agents that hindered any simple classification of the etiopathogenesis of the pneumonias. Dual infections were detected in 58% of lungs, with Mannheimia haemolytica and Histophilus somni most frequently recorded in concert. M. haemolytica (43%) was the most frequently detected respiratory pathogen; H. somni was also shown to be frequently implicated in pneumonia in this age group of cattle. Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3) and Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (16% each) were the viral agents detected most frequently. Potential respiratory pathogens (particularly Pasteurella multocida, BPIV-3, and H. somni) were frequently detected (64%) in lungs that had neither gross nor histologic pulmonary lesions, raising questions regarding their role in the pathogenesis of BRD. The breadth of respiratory pathogens detected in bovine lungs by various detection methods highlights the diagnostic value of parallel analyses in respiratory disease postmortem investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1040-6387 , 1943-4936
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1040638716674757
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265211-5
    SSG: 22
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    White blood cell count correlates with mood symptom severity and specific mood symptoms in bipolar disorder
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2017-04), p. 355-365
    Details
    In: Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2017-04), p. 355-365
    Abstract: Immune alterations may play a role in bipolar disorder etiology; however, the relationship between overall immune system functioning and mood symptom severity is unknown. Methods: The two comparative effectiveness trials, the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiatives in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder Study (Bipolar CHOICE) and the Lithium Treatment Moderate-Dose Use Study (LiTMUS), were similar trials among patients with bipolar disorder. At study entry, white blood cell count and bipolar mood symptom severity (via Montgomery-Aasberg Depression Rating Scale and Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale) were assessed. We performed analysis of variance and linear regression analyses to investigate relationships between deviations from median white blood cell and multinomial regression analysis between higher and lower white blood cell levels. All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Results: Among 482 Bipolar CHOICE participants, for each 1.0 × 10 9 /L white blood cell deviation, the overall Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale severity increased significantly among men (coefficient = 2.13; 95% confidence interval = [0.46, −3.79]; p = 0.013), but not among women (coefficient = 0.87; 95% confidence interval = [−0.87, −2.61] ; p = 0.33). Interaction analyses showed a trend toward greater Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale symptom severity among men (coefficient = 1.51; 95% confidence interval = [−0.81, −3.82] ; p = 0.2). Among 283 LiTMUS participants, higher deviation from the median white blood cell showed a trend toward higher Montgomery-Aasberg Depression Rating Scale scores among men (coefficient = 1.33; 95% confidence interval = [−0.22, −2.89]; p = 0.09), but not among women (coefficient = 0.34; 95% confidence interval = [−0.64, −1.32] ; p = 0.50). When combining LiTMUS and Bipolar CHOICE, Montgomery-Aasberg Depression Rating Scale scores increased significantly among men (coefficient = 1.09; 95% confidence interval = [0.31, −1.87]; p = 0.006) for each 1.0 × 10 9 /L white blood cell deviation, whereas we found a weak association among women (coefficient = 0.55; 95% confidence interval = [−0.20, −1.29]; p = 0.14). Lower and higher white blood cell levels correlated with greater symptom severity and specific symptoms, varying according to gender. Conclusion: Deviations in an overall immune system marker, even within the normal white blood cell range, correlated with mood symptom severity in bipolar disorder, mostly among males. Studies are warranted investigating whether white blood cell count may predict response to mood-stabilizing treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-8674 , 1440-1614
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004867416644508
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003849-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psychotherapy use in bipolar disorder: Association with functioning and illness severity
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 453-461
    Details
    In: Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, SAGE Publications, Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2015-05), p. 453-461
    Abstract: This study examines characteristics of individuals with bipolar disorder who sought psychotherapy versus those who did not. Methods: Bipolar CHOICE was an 11-site comparative effectiveness study of lithium versus quetiapine in symptomatic outpatients ( N = 482) with bipolar disorder. At baseline, participants’ psychotherapy use within the past 3 months, mood, functioning, and overall health were assessed. Logistic regressions were used to test whether psychotherapy users and non-users differed on various demographic and clinical variables at baseline. Mixed-effects regression was used to determine whether psychotherapy groups differed on response to treatment over the 6-month study. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests were employed to test whether there were any differences in time to recovery (CGI-BP ≤ 2 for at least 8 weeks) between the groups. Results: Thirty one percent of participants reported using psychotherapy services. Psychotherapy users reported greater medication side effect burden than non-users and were more likely to have moderate to high suicide risk and at least one anxiety disorder. Participants not utilizing medications or psychotherapy had greater mania symptom severity, were younger, and less educated than medication only users. Medication only users were more likely to be married than the other participants. Conclusions: These data suggest that a minority of individuals with bipolar disorder attend psychotherapy services, and those that do have greater illness burden.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-8674 , 1440-1614
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004867415569803
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003849-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder (Bipolar CHOICE): A pragmatic trial of complex treatment for a complex disorder
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Clinical Trials Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2014-02), p. 114-127
    Details
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2014-02), p. 114-127
    Abstract: Classic and second-generation antipsychotic mood stabilizers are recommended for treatment of bipolar disorder, yet there are no randomized comparative effectiveness studies that have examined the ‘real-world’ advantages and disadvantages of these medications. Purpose We describe the strategic decisions in the design of the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder (Bipolar CHOICE). This article outlines the key issues and solutions the investigators faced in designing a clinical trial that would maximize generalizability and inform real-world clinical treatment of bipolar disorder. Methods Bipolar CHOICE was a 6-month, multi-site, prospective, randomized clinical trial of outpatients with bipolar disorder. This study compares the effectiveness of quetiapine versus lithium, each with adjunctive personalized treatments (APTs). The co-primary outcomes selected are the overall benefits and harms of the study medications (as measured by the Clinical Global Impression-Efficacy Index) and the Necessary Clinical Adjustments (a measure of the number of medication changes). Secondary outcomes are continuous measures of mood, the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score, and the Longitudinal Interval Follow up Evaluation Range of Impaired Functioning Tool (LIFE-RIFT). Results The final study design consisted of a single-blind, randomized comparative effectiveness trial of quetiapine versus lithium, plus APT, across 10 sites. Other important study considerations included limited exclusion criteria to maximize generalizability, flexible dosing of APT medications to mimic real-world treatment, and an intent-to-treat analysis plan. In all, 482 participants were randomized to the study, and 364 completed the study. Limitations The potential limitations of the study include the heterogeneity of APT, selection of study medications, lack of a placebo-control group, and participants’ ability to pay for study medications. Conclusion We expect that this study will inform our understanding of the benefits and harms of lithium, a classic mood stabilizer, compared to quetiapine, a second-generation antipsychotic with broad-spectrum activity in bipolar disorder, and will provide an example of a well-designed and well-conducted randomized comparative effectiveness clinical trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1740774513512184
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159773-X
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intraoperative High-Frequency Jet Ventilation Is Equivalent to Conventional Ventilation During Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2017-09), p. 570-574
    Details
    In: World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2017-09), p. 570-574
    Abstract: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) treatment is typically pharmacologic, but if unsuccessful, surgical ligation is commonly performed. High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is used at the University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital for extremely low birth weight infants. Historically, neonates requiring PDA ligation were temporarily transferred to conventional ventilation (CV) prior to surgery. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether conversion was necessary. Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis examined outcomes following PDA ligation from 2014 to 2016 at the University of Iowa’s Stead Family Children’s Hospital. Infants who were transferred to CV prior to surgery and returned to HFJV postprocedure are referred to as the CV cohort. The HFJV cohort infants remained on HFJV throughout. Results: We found no significant increases in morbidity or mortality with the use of intraoperative HFJV and potentially show some benefit through greater reduction in serum CO 2 . Conclusions: Mode of ventilation during PDA ligation does not affect surgical morbidity or mortality or short-term clinical outcomes. Conversion to CV from HFJV is not necessary.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-1351 , 2150-136X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2150135117717974
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2550261-X
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lithium plus antipsychotics or anticonvulsants for bipolar disorder: Comparing clinical response and metabolic changes
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 93-103
    Details
    In: Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, SAGE Publications, Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 93-103
    Abstract: Patients with bipolar disorder treated with lithium often require additional antipsychotics or anticonvulsants. However, the comparative effectiveness and safety of these agents as add-on to lithium has not been studied. Methods: This secondary analysis combined two similar 24-week trials on outpatients with bipolar disorder randomized to lithium (target serum level 0.4–0.6 mEq/L). Guideline-based adjunctive antipsychotics (Li+AP) and anticonvulsants (Li+AC) could be used if clinically indicated and was assessed at every study visit. Response was measured on the Clinical Global Impression scale and we performed adjusted mixed effects linear regression analyses. Analysis of variance tests compared metabolic measures including a binary diagnosis of metabolic syndrome before and after 24 weeks of treatment. Results: Among 379 outpatients (57% female, mean age 38 years, mean Clinical Global Impression 4.4), users of Li+AP ( N = 50, primarily quetiapine and aripiprazole) improved to a similar degree (mean Clinical Global Impression improvement = 1.6, standard deviation = 1.5) as those using lithium-only (i.e. without adjunctive antipsychotics or anticonvulsants, N = 149, mean Clinical Global Impression improvement = 1.7, standard deviation = 1.4) ( p = 0.59). Users of Li+AC ( N = 107, primarily lamotrigine and valproate, mean Clinical Global Impression improvement = 1.2, standard deviation = 1.3) and users of Li+AP+AC ( N = 73, mean Clinical Global Impression improvement = 1.1, standard deviation = 1.3) showed worse response compared to lithium-only users (all p  〈  0.01). When comparing Li+AP to Li+AC, users of Li+AP improved slightly better on general ( p = 0.05) and manic symptoms ( p = 0.01), but showed a worse development of glucose, triglycerides, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Despite treatment-by-indication confounding, these findings are relevant for real-world treatment settings and emphasize the need for randomized trials on this clinically important topic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-8674 , 1440-1614
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00048674221077619
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003849-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...