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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patterns of All-Cause Mortality in Papua New Guinea, 2011
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 2019-05), p. 315-324
    Details
    In: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 2019-05), p. 315-324
    Abstract: Existing estimates of mortality for Papua New Guinea (PNG) have primarily been based on models using little empirical data, and without estimation of life expectancy at subnational level. We used data on deaths from the 2000 and 2011 censuses and indirect demographic methods to estimate under-5 mortality (5q0), adult mortality (45q15), and life expectancy by province and sex. A Socioeconomic Composite Index was constructed to assess the plausibility of life expectancy estimates. We generated 5q0 estimates (68 per 1000 live births for males and 58 for females), 45q15 (269 per 1000 for males and 237 for females), and life expectancy (62.0 years for males and 64.3 for females) in PNG in 2011. Provinces with low life expectancy had correspondingly low levels of development as measured by the Composite Index, and vice versa. These subnational estimates of mortality levels and patterns maybe useful at the provincial level to improve population health in PNG.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1010-5395 , 1941-2479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1010539519841492
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394975-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mortality Trends and the Epidemiological Transition in Nauru
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 10-23
    Details
    In: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 10-23
    Abstract: This article aims to examine the epidemiological transition in Nauru through analysis of available mortality data. Mortality data from death certificates and published material were used to construct life tables and calculate age-standardized mortality rates (from 1960) with 95% confidence intervals. Proportional mortality was calculated from 1947. Female life expectancy (LE) varied from 57 to 61 years with no significant trend. Age-standardized mortality for males (15-64 years) doubled from 1960-1970 to 1976-1981 and then decreased to 1986-1992, with LE fluctuating since then from 49 to 54 years. Proportional mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes increased substantially, reaching more than 30%. Nauru demonstrates a very long period of stagnation in life expectancy in both males and females as a consequence of the epidemiological transition, with major chronic disease mortality in adults showing no sustained downward trends over 40 years. Potential overinterpretation of trends from previous data due to lack of confidence intervals was highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1010-5395 , 1941-2479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1010539510390673
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394975-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing the Reliability of Causes of Death Reported by the Vital Registration System in Sri Lanka: Medical Records Review in Colombo
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Health Information Management Journal Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2013-10), p. 20-28
    Details
    In: Health Information Management Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2013-10), p. 20-28
    Abstract: Information on causes of death is critical for informed decision making in the health sector. This paper reports findings from a study that measured the accuracy of registered causes of death and quality of medical records for a sample of deaths occurring in hospitals in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Five physicians, trained in medical certification of cause of death, reconstructed death certificates for hospital deaths from medical records and assessed the quality of medical records for this purpose. The majority of medical records were found to be of average quality. Concordance between the underlying cause of death in the vital registration data and that from the ‘gold standard’ (medical records review) diagnosis was 41.4% ( n=249). The sensitivity of all leading causes of death and positive predictive value were below 67%. Major misclassification errors were found in identifying deaths due to vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Certified causes of death in Sri Lanka are frequently incorrect, thus limiting their value for health policy and for monitoring progress towards development goals. Sri Lanka, and other countries at a similar level of statistical development, should consider periodically conducting research to evaluate the quality of cause of death reporting at both local and national levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1833-3583 , 1833-3575
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/183335831304200302
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2390067-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Gut-Centric Model of Metabolic Homeostasis
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 1567-1574
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 1567-1574
    Abstract: Modern changes in diet and lifestyle have led to an explosion of insulin resistance and metabolic diseases around the globe which, if left unchecked, will become a principal driver of morbidity and mortality in the 21st century. The nature of the metabolic homeostatic shift within the body has therefore become a topic of considerable interest. While the gut has long been recognized as an acute nutrient sensor with signaling mechanisms to the other metabolic organs of the body, its role in regulating the body’s metabolic status over longer periods of time has been underappreciated. Recent insights from bariatric surgery and intestinal nutrient stimulation experiments provide a window into the adaptive role of the intestinal mucosa in a foregut/hindgut metabolic balance model that helps to define metabolic parameters within the body—informing the metabolic regulation of insulin resistance versus sensitivity, hunger versus satiety, energy utilization versus energy storage, and protection from hypoglycemia versus protection from hyperglycemia. This intestinal metabolic balance model provides an intellectual framework with which to understand the distinct roles of proximal and distal intestinal segments in metabolic regulation. The model may also aid in the development of novel disease-modifying therapies that can correct the dysregulated metabolic signals from the intestine and stem the tide of metabolic diseases in society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-2968 , 1932-2968
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/19322968211044523
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467312-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Use of Smartphone for Verbal Autopsy : Results From a Pilot Study in Rural China
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health Vol. 28, No. 7 ( 2016-10), p. 601-610
    Details
    In: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 7 ( 2016-10), p. 601-610
    Abstract: Traditionally, verbal autopsies (VA) are collected on paper-based questionnaires and reviewed by physicians for cause of death assignment, it is resource intensive and time consuming. The Population Health Metrics Research Consortium VA questionnaires was made available on an Android-based application and cause of death was derived using the Tariff method. Over one year, all adult deaths occurring in 48 villages in 4 counties were identified and a VA interview was conducted using the smartphone VA application. A total of 507 adult deaths were recorded and VA interviews were conducted. Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death (35.3%) followed by injury (14.6%) and neoplasms (13.5%). The total cost of the pilot study was USD28 835 (USD0.42 per capita). The interviewers found use of smartphones to conduct interviews to be easier. The study showed that using a smartphone application for VA interviews was feasible for implementation in rural China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1010-5395 , 1941-2479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1010539516667780
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394975-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psychometric Properties of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview–Short Form Among U.S. Active Duty Military Service Members and Veterans
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Assessment Vol. 30, No. 7 ( 2023-10), p. 2332-2346
    Details
    In: Assessment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 7 ( 2023-10), p. 2332-2346
    Abstract: We assessed the interrater reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview-Short Form (SITBI-SF) in a sample of 1,944 active duty service members and veterans seeking services for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions. The SITBI-SF demonstrated high interrater reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity. The measurement properties of the SITBI-SF were comparable across service members and veterans. Approximately 8% of participants who denied a history of suicidal ideation on the SITBI-SF reported suicidal ideation on a separate self-report questionnaire (i.e., discordant responders). Discordant responders reported significantly higher levels of PTSD symptoms than those who denied suicidal ideation on both response formats. Findings suggest that the SITBI-SF is a reliable and valid interview-based measure of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors for use with military service members and veterans. Suicide risk assessment might be optimized if the SITBI-SF interview is combined with a self-report measure of related constructs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1073-1911 , 1552-3489
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10731911221143979
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2083220-5
    SSG: 5,2
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