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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Opportunities and challenges of pharmacovigilance in special populations: a narrative review of the literature
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety Vol. 14 ( 2023-01)
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14 ( 2023-01)
    Abstract: Plain language summary Pharmacovigilance (PV) in special populations: opportunities and challenges Why is it important to implement PV in special populations? Due to the particularity of physiological functions, the special population (children, pregnant women, and the elderly) are more susceptible to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and have more drug safety problems. The implementation of PV is helpful for the detection of safety risks throughout the life cycle of drugs, so that healthcare professionals (HCPs) can take early measures to reduce the drug use risks of patients. What are the problems to implement PV for special populations? Many countries have implemented a PV system. However, PV policies and systems for the special population are not complete in various countries, or no independent PV system for the special population has been set up. What does this article add to our knowledge? This article discusses the PV systems of the European Union, the United States, and China with special focus on basic physiological characteristics, use of drugs, and the implementation of PV with respect to children, pregnant women, and the elderly. Focus on these problems are of great importance for formulating a more complete drug management scheme in the special population and can provide a reference for the development of follow-up policies and improvement of existing policies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2042-0986 , 2042-0994
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20420986231200746
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583589-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: a real-world pharmacovigilance study of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System from 2004 to 2021
    SAGE Publications ; 2024
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety Vol. 15 ( 2024-01)
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15 ( 2024-01)
    Abstract: Plain language summary A study on drug-induced interstitial lung disease Introduction: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database is the largest public database for spontaneous reporting of adverse events, any undesirable experiences that occur while taking a medication. The FDA designed the FAERS database to allow them to track the safety of drugs once they are released on the market. This study aims to explore drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) reporting trends, demographic characteristics, most commonly reported drugs, and high strength of association drugs using the FAERS database. Methods: We retrieved the term ‘interstitial lung disease’ to extract DILD reports in the FAERS database from 2004 to 2021. Then, we not only counted basic patient information, including age, gender, and reporting country, but also analyzed the drug class, the reporting frequency of drug, and the degree of relevance. Results: We identified a total of 32,821 DILD reports. DILD reports had a persistent increase from 2004 to 2021. The top three drug classes related to DILD in the FAERS were antineoplastic, cardiovascular and antirheumatic agents. The top three reported drugs associated with DILD were methotrexate, doxorubicin, and pembrolizumab. The top three drugs with the highest strength of association were fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki, ramucirumab, and eribulin. Various countries have significant differences in drugs related to DILD. Conclusion: By analyzing data from the FAERS database, we identified the top drugs, drug classes, and some unexpected drugs without DILD in the labels. Our findings provide additional insight into DILD to inform clinicians to enhance monitor related to drugs of potential importance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2042-0986 , 2042-0994
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20420986231224227
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583589-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparing Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Patients With Bilateral Carotid Vulnerable Plaques Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Angiology Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 104-111
    Details
    In: Angiology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 104-111
    Abstract: We compared plaque characteristics between symptomatic and asymptomatic sides in patients with bilateral carotid vulnerable plaques using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants (n = 67; mean age: 65.8 ± 7.7 years, 61 males) with bilateral carotid vulnerable plaques were included. Vulnerable plaques were characterized by intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), large lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), or fibrous cap rupture (FCR) on MRI. Symptomatic vulnerable plaques showed greater plaque burden, LRNC volume (median: 221.4 vs 134.8 mm 3 , P = .003), IPH volume (median: 32.2 vs 22.5 mm 3 , P = .030), maximum percentage (Max%) LRNC (median: 51.3% vs 41.8%, P = .002), Max%IPH (median: 13.4% vs 9.5%, P = .022), cumulative slices of LRNC (median: 10 vs 8, P = .005), and more juxtaluminal IPH and/or thrombus (29.9% vs 6.0%, P = .001) and FCR (37.3% vs 16.4%, P = .007) than asymptomatic ones. After adjusting for plaque burden, differences in juxtaluminal IPH and/or thrombus (odds ratio [OR]: 5.49, 95% CI: 1.61-18.75, P = .007) and FCR (OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.16-7.24, P = .022) between bilateral sides remained statistically significant. For patients with bilateral carotid vulnerable plaques, symptomatic plaques had greater burden, more juxtaluminal IPH and/or thrombus, and FCR compared with asymptomatic ones. The differences in juxtaluminal IPH and/or thrombus and FCR between bilateral sides were independent of plaque burden.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-3197 , 1940-1574
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00033197211012531
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2065911-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Topographic distribution and characteristics of normal gastric regional lymph nodes on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Acta Radiologica Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 152-161
    Details
    In: Acta Radiologica, SAGE Publications, Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2016-02), p. 152-161
    Abstract: Current lack of recognition of normal gastric regional lymph nodes (GRLNs) and inherent defect of morphological imaging limit the accuracy of preoperative nodal (N) staging of gastric cancer. Purpose To map the distribution of normal GRLNs and evaluating the characteristics of GRLNs with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in healthy population. Material and Methods Forty-nine enrolled healthy volunteers were divided into two age groups and underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DWI examinations. The characteristics of GRLNs in 14 regional stations, including short axis diameter (SD), short-to-long axis diameter ratio (SLR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), were recorded and compared between age groups and among different stations. Results The normal GRLNs were mainly distributed in station 7 in both age groups, followed by stations 3, 8, and 9. The SLR was lower in the young group than in the old group ( P = 0.034) while SD, SNR, CNR, and ADC were significantly higher in the young group compared to the old group, P = 0.045, 0.041, 0.037, and 0.042, respectively. SD was different among stations in both age groups ( P = 0.002, 0.001), especially bigger in station 8, and the SNRs and CNRs of stations 8 and 9 were relatively high in the old group ( P = 0.031, 0.035), while there was no difference in ADC value. Conclusion Better understanding of the appearances of normal GRLNs on conventional MRI and DWI may help to build more appropriate imaging criteria for GRLN assessment in gastric cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0284-1851 , 1600-0455
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0284185115574736
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024579-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Berberine on Liver Cancer
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1934578X2211020-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 1934578X2211020-
    Abstract: Liver cancer, otherwise known as hepatocellular carcinoma, is a chronic disease condition with an excessive deposition and growth of malignant cells in the body. The high incidence and prevalence rates of liver cancer continue to be problems, as well as its poor prognosis and therapeutic limitations involving severe drug adverse reactions linked to the use of synthetic chemotherapeutic compounds. Continuous experimental studies, as well as utilization of pure herbal-based compounds, are essential towards finding more potent cures for liver cancer. Natural bioactive compounds, particularly alkaloids (eg, berberine), have been shown to be highly beneficial in the treatment of various diseases. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is obtained from stem, bark, roots, rhizomes, and leaves of several medicinal plants, including Berberis species. It is commonly synthesized from the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline system with the incorporation of an additional carbon atom as a bridge. The multiple attributes of BBR involving effective inhibitory and cytotoxic actions against the proliferation of cancer cells have been demonstrated. The use of BBR in experimental studies (in vivo and in vitro) for over a decade for liver cancer treatment has proven to be highly effective, safe, and potent. Until now, the poor solubility of BBR remains one of the contributing factors leading to its minimal clinical bioavailability. Therefore, BBR could serve as a prospective drug candidate in the future towards drug formulation for liver cancer treatment. The relevant information regarding this review was obtained electronically through the use of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Hindawi, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All the aforementioned databases were searched from 1981 to 2020. This literature represents an update of previous review papers discussing the various positive pharmacological and mechanistic effects (oxidative stress regulation, inflammation reduction, apoptosis activation, overcoming drug resistance, and metastasis inhibition) of BBR for liver cancer treatment, which would be of great significance to drug development and clinical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221102032
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2430442-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exposure levels of mycophenolic acid are associated with comorbidities in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Lupus Vol. 30, No. 11 ( 2021-10), p. 1808-1818
    Details
    In: Lupus, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 11 ( 2021-10), p. 1808-1818
    Abstract: Little is known about the relationship between exposure levels of mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and comorbidities of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children. This study aims to explore this association. Methods Longitudinal data from SLE children, who were taking MMF for immunosuppression and under therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), were retrospectively collected. Area under the concentration-time curve of mycophenolic acid (MPA) over 24 hours (AUC 0–24h ) was estimated with Bayesian methods. Logistic regression and random forest models were used to explore the association between comorbidities and MPA exposure levels. Results This study included 107 children with 358 times of follow-up (median age 169.02 months). The incidence of diabetes, acute kidney injury (AKI), or pneumonia was significantly associated with AUC 0–24h (odds ratio [OR] 0.991, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.982–0.999), SLE duration (OR 1.012, 95% CI 1.002–1.022), lymphocyte percentage (OR 0.959, 95% CI 0.925–0.991), plasma albumin levels (OR 0.891, 95% CI 0.843–0.940), use of aspirin (OR 0.292, 95% CI 0.126–0.633) and hydroxychloroquine (OR 0.407, 95% CI 0.184–0.906). The random forest model showed that albumin and AUC 0–24h were two important predictors. The case group (with the three comorbidities) had a mean AUC 0–24h of 73.63 mg · h/L, while the control group had a mean AUC 0–24h of 100.39 mg · h/L. Conclusions Increased levels of MPA exposure are associated with decreased incidence odds of diabetes, AKI or pneumonia in SLE children. An AUC 0–24h of 100.39 mg · h/L or an AUC 0-12h of 50.20 mg · h/L could be used as the targeted exposure level for clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0961-2033 , 1477-0962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/09612033211034555
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008035-9
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic event-triggered consensus for discrete-time hidden Markov multi-agent systems with partially unknown probabilities
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control
    Details
    In: Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: This paper addresses the consensus problem of Markov jump multi-agent systems under dynamic event-triggered communication. In order to utilize the limited network resources reasonably and improve the efficiency of data transmission, a dynamic event-triggered method is adopted. Considering the challenge of obtaining system mode information, a hidden Markov model is introduced. On this basis, because of the limitation of mode information acquisition, the case with partially unknown probabilities both exist in the transition probability matrix and the observation probability matrix is discussed, which makes the conclusion realistic. Moreover, a sampled-data consensus protocol is proposed, and based on the Lyapunov stability theory, several sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the consensus of the system under specified [Formula: see text] performance. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0142-3312 , 1477-0369
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/01423312231152655
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025882-3
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Early Detection of Coagulation Abnormalities in Patients at Nutritional Risk: The Novel Role of Thromboelastography
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  The American Surgeon Vol. 80, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 81-86
    Details
    In: The American Surgeon, SAGE Publications, Vol. 80, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 81-86
    Abstract: It is believed that malnutrition is common among hospitalized patients and associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. It is unclear if it is more likely to cause coagulation disorders in patients with malnutrition. We, therefore, investigate the feasibility of using thromboelastography (TEG) in early detection of coagulation abnormalities in patients at nutritional risk. Fifty successive adult patients with gastrointestinal disease were prospectively divided into one of two groups according to nutritional risk score (less than 3 and 3 or greater). Blood samples were collected at admission for analysis of standard biochemical parameters, routine coagulation tests, and TEG parameters. A total of 62 per cent of patients (n = 31) were at nutritional risk. Serum concentrations of prealbumin, transferrin, total protein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol were much lower in the nutritional risk group than in the no-risk group ( P ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in routine coagulation tests, whereas most of the TEG parameters showed significant differences between the two groups. The overall coagulation function was worse in patients at nutritional risk than in patients with good nutritional status ( P ≤ 0.01). TEG appears to be more sensitive for the detection of coagulation abnormalities compared with routine coagulation tests in patients at nutritional risk. The phenomenon described in this article should be useful in further studies of patients with malnutrition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1348 , 1555-9823
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/000313481408000129
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isothermal characteristics of methane adsorption and changes in the pore structure before and after methane adsorption with high-rank coal
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Energy Exploration & Exploitation Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2020-09), p. 1409-1427
    Details
    In: Energy Exploration & Exploitation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2020-09), p. 1409-1427
    Abstract: The pore structure is an essential factor that influences the isothermal characteristics of methane adsorption of coal, and the pore structure is altered after methane adsorption. In this study, a high-rank coal sample was investigated via methane adsorption isothermal measurement, and changes in the pore structure were studied using low-pressure N 2 adsorption and low-pressure CO 2 adsorption before and after the methane adsorption. The excess adsorption capacity exhibits a rapid increase at low pressure, reaching a maximum when the test pressure is approximately 8 MPa. Following that, the excess adsorption capacity of the high-rank coal tends to decrease. After the methane adsorption, the pore volume and specific surface area of the micro-, meso-, and macropores increase as compared to those before the methane adsorption, especially for micropores with apertures greater than 0.8 nm and mesopores with apertures below 10 nm. This is mainly caused by high pressure in the methane adsorption, indicating a pressure effect on the pore structure after the methane adsorption. After the methane adsorption, the ratio of pores with various sizes in the high-rank coal is enhanced, but the connectivity for meso- and macropores presents a slight decrease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0144-5987 , 2048-4054
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0144598720925979
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026571-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods and Molecular Markers for Early Detection
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment Vol. 19 ( 2020-01-01), p. 153303382098042-
    Details
    In: Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 19 ( 2020-01-01), p. 153303382098042-
    Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract in humans. The development of colorectal cancer is composed of multiple stages, starting with benign adenomatous polyps in the inner wall of the large intestine and rectum, and then gradually developing. Then it developed into advanced adenomas carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Represents the distant metastasis of the most advanced development. The purpose of this review is to novel routine screening and diagnostic methods (e.g., Endoscopy and CT colonoscopy, SEPT9 methylation assay, Fecal test) and find reliable molecular markers for early diagnosis of CRC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1533-0346 , 1533-0338
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1533033820980426
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2146365-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220436-2
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