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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of blood collection tubes for glucose measurement using adenosine 3-phosphate and sodium fluoride as glycolytic inhibitors
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Blood collection tubes with sodium fluoride (NaF) added as a glycolytic inhibitor are widely used for glucose measurement. However, the glycolytic inhibitory effects of NaF are insufficient, and decreases in glucose levels over time after blood collection have become a problem. Methods Blood from a volunteer collected using an NaF tube was used to compare the glycolysis inhibitory abilities of ATP and ADP. Blood samples from 10 volunteers were collected in NaF tubes and NaF tubes with added ATP (NaF–ATP tubes). The stability of glucose and haemoglobin (Hb)A1c after whole-blood storage from immediately after blood collection to 24 h later was compared. Results ATP and ADP had similar inhibitory effects on glycolysis, but ATP was selected as an additive for blood collection tubes because ADP was more haemolytic than ATP. We verified the ability of NaF blood collection tubes supplemented with ATP to inhibit glycolysis. Mean (± standard deviation) glucose levels (n=10) after storage for 24 h after blood collection decreased to −9.0 ± 2.7 mg/dL (−0.50 ± 0.15 mmol/L) in conventional NaF tubes. NaF–ATP(20) tubes with 20 mg (0.036 mmol) ATP added showed a reduced decrease, with a mean of −5.8 ± 2.9 mg/dL (−0.32 ± 0.16 mmol/L). NaF–ATP tubes also had no effect on HbA1c measurement. Conclusion This study reports on a blood collection tube that enables the measurement of glucose and HbA1c. Based on the results of validation, we conclude that NaF–ATP tubes can reduce decreases in glucose over time in stored whole blood compared to conventional NaF tubes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00045632231194829
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluids are useful for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion caused by haematological malignancies
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine Vol. 56, No. 2 ( 2019-03), p. 240-246
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 56, No. 2 ( 2019-03), p. 240-246
    Abstract: Invasion of the central nervous system by haematological malignancies is diagnosed by cytological analyses of cerebrospinal fluid or diagnostic imaging, while quantitative biomarkers for central nervous system invasion are not available and needed to be developed. Methods In this study, we measured the concentrations of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid and evaluated their usefulness as biomarkers for central nervous system invasion. Results We observed that both the autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were higher in subjects with central nervous system invasion than in those without, and the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were independent from the serum concentrations of these biomarkers. ROC analyses revealed that the soluble IL-2 receptor concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was a strong discriminator of central nervous system invasion in subjects with haematological malignancies, while the autotaxin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid also had a strong ability to discriminate central nervous system invasion when the subjects were limited to those with lymphoma. The combined measurement of autotaxin and soluble IL-2 receptor in cerebrospinal fluid improved the sensitivity without notably reducing the specificity for central nervous system invasion in subjects with lymphoma when central nervous system invasion was diagnosed in cases where either value was beyond the respective cut-off value. Conclusion These results suggest the possible usefulness of soluble IL-2 receptor and autotaxin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of central nervous system invasion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004563218818197
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autotaxin is a potential link between genetic risk factors and immunological disturbances of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systematic lupus erythematosus
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Lupus Vol. 31, No. 13 ( 2022-11), p. 1578-1585
    Details
    In: Lupus, SAGE Publications, Vol. 31, No. 13 ( 2022-11), p. 1578-1585
    Abstract: The importance of autotaxin, an enzyme that catalyzes lysophospholipid production, has recently been recognized in various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. Herein, we examined the role of autotaxin in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), utilizing data from ImmuNexUT, a comprehensive database consisting of transcriptome data and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data of immune cells from patients with immune-mediated disorders. Methods Serum autotaxin concentrations in patients with SLE and healthy controls (HCs) were compared. The transcriptome data of patients with SLE and age- and sex-matched HCs were obtained from ImmuNexUT. The expression of ENPP2, the gene encoding autotaxin, was examined in peripheral blood immune cells. Next, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify genes with expression patterns similar to ENPP2. The ImmuNexUT eQTL database and public epigenomic databases were used to infer the relationship between autotaxin and pathogenesis of SLE. Results Autotaxin levels were elevated in the serum of patients with SLE compared to HCs. Furthermore, the expression of ENPP2 was higher in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) than in other immune cell subsets, and its expression was elevated in pDCs of patients with SLE compared to HCs. In WGCNA, ENPP2 belonged to a module that correlated with disease activity. This module was enriched in interferon-associated genes and included genes whose expression was influenced by single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SLE, suggesting that it is a key module connecting genetic risk factors of SLE with disease pathogenesis. Analysis utilizing the ImmuNexUT eQTL database and public epigenomic databases suggested that the increased expression of ENPP2 in pDCs from patients with SLE may be caused by increased expression of interferon-associated genes and increased binding of STAT3 complexes to the regulatory region of ENPP2. Conclusions Autotaxin may play a critical role in connecting genetic risk factors of SLE to disease pathogenesis in pDCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0961-2033 , 1477-0962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/09612033221128494
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008035-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Performance of autotaxin as a serum marker for liver fibrosis
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine Vol. 55, No. 4 ( 2018-07), p. 469-477
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 55, No. 4 ( 2018-07), p. 469-477
    Abstract: Because autotaxin reportedly has a better performance than hyaluronic acid as a marker for liver fibrosis for the prediction of cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C, we aimed to further evaluate the role of autotaxin in liver fibrosis of other aetiologies. Methods Autotaxin antigen was measured in serum samples from 108 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 128 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease who had undergone a liver biopsy as well as healthy subjects and patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiac dysfunction. Results When evaluated using receiver operator characteristics curves, the performance of autotaxin for the prediction of significant fibrosis (F2–F4) in chronic hepatitis B patients was better than that of hyaluronic acid or type IV collagen 7S. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, however, the performance of autotaxin for the prediction of significant fibrosis was poorer than that of hyaluronic acid or type IV collagen 7S. The increase in the serum autotaxin concentrations was less notable than that of hyaluronic acid or type IV collagen in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis or cardiac dysfunction. Food intake did not affect the serum autotaxin concentrations. Conclusions Autotaxin is useful as a serum marker for liver fibrosis caused by not only chronic viral hepatitis C but also by hepatitis B, although it was less useful in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The increase in serum autotaxin concentrations is fairly specific for liver fibrosis, and the serum autotaxin concentrations can be analysed without consideration of food intake before blood collection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004563217741509
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Existence of a squamous cell carcinoma antigen-immunoglobulin complex causes a deviation between squamous cell carcinoma antigen concentrations determined using two different immunoassays: first report of squamous cell carcinoma antigen coupling with immunoglobulin A
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine Vol. 54, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 655-663
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 54, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 655-663
    Abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen is used as a tumour marker and is routinely measured in clinical laboratories. We validated two different immunoassays and found three cases in which the squamous cell carcinoma antigen concentrations deviated greatly between the two immunoassays. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for these deviations. Methods The squamous cell carcinoma antigen concentrations were determined using the ARCHITECT SCC (CLIA method) and the ST AIA-PACK SCC (FEIA method). We performed polyethylene glycol precipitation and size exclusion chromatography to assess the molecular weight and spike recovery and absorption tests to examine the presence of an autoantibody. Results Both methods exhibited good performances for the measurement of squamous cell carcinoma antigen, although a correlation test showed large differences in the squamous cell carcinoma antigen concentrations measured using the two methods in three cases. The results of polyethylene glycol treatment and size exclusion chromatography indicated the existence of a large molecular weight squamous cell carcinoma antigen in these three cases. The spike recovery tests suggested the possible presence of an autoantibody against squamous cell carcinoma antigen. Moreover, the absorption test revealed that large squamous cell carcinoma antigen complexes were formed by the association of squamous cell carcinoma antigen with IgG in two cases and with both IgG and IgA in one case. Conclusions This study describes the existence of large molecular weight squamous cell carcinoma antigen that has complexed with immunoglobulin in the serum samples. The reason for the deviations between the two immunoassays might be due to differences of their reactivities against the squamous cell carcinoma antigen immune complexes with their autoantibody. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the coupling of squamous cell carcinoma antigen with IgA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0004563216677584
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041298-8
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