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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Metric Feedback Hinder Actions Guided by Cognition?
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Vol. 51, No. 25 ( 2007-10), p. 1588-1592
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 25 ( 2007-10), p. 1588-1592
    Abstract: Providing trainees with metric feedback improves their metric distance estimations, but doing so also hinders certain actions. This paper describes a possible explanation for this hindrance. Based on that explanation, it was predicted that metric feedback should not hinder actions that are guided by cognitive processing, i.e., actions guided by the ventral visual system. To investigate this possibility, participants threw underhanded to specific metric distances during Pre and Post-Testing, e.g., throwing an object so that it came to rest 30 feet away. During the intervening Training, participants generated verbal distance estimates. Half received metric feedback. The results indicated that throws improved from Pre to Post-Test, but only when participants received metric feedback during Training. This outcome supports our hypothesis. Moreover, it suggests that trainees must know whether their distance estimation training should be applied to untrained tasks. Doing so may benefit certain tasks. Others, however, may suffer from it.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-5067 , 1071-1813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/154193120705102505
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2415770-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can Metric Feedback Training Hinder Actions Involving Distance?
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2009-06), p. 419-432
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2009-06), p. 419-432
    Abstract: Objective: The present studies tested whether distance estimation training with metric feedback can degrade the performance of untrained primarily perceptual-motor tasks. Background: Training with metric feedback can improve distance estimations. However, previous research led to the conclusion that those improvements stemmed from changes in cognitive processing rather than in perception. If trainees applied their new cognitive strategies to primarily perceptual-motor tasks, then the performance of those tasks should degrade. The present studies tested that possibility. Method: Experiment 1 sought to replicate that training with metric feedback would improve metric distance estimations. Experiments 2 and 3 investigated whether such training would degrade the performance of a primarily perceptual-motor task. Experiment 4 investigated whether such training would affect a perceptual-motor task that required cognition. Results: Metric feedback improved metric distance estimation (Experiments 1—4) and throwing to a specified distance (Experiment 4). Metric feedback degraded throwing to a target (Experiments 2 and 3), although that effect was not evident when pretesting was omitted (Experiment 3). Conclusion: If distance estimation trainees apply what they learned from metric feedback to untrained primarily perceptual-motor tasks, then the performance of those tasks will suffer. However, if trainees apply what they learned to untrained tasks that require metric estimation, then the performance of those tasks will improve. Application: Distance estimation training with metric feedback may not generalize to other tasks and may even degrade performance on certain tasks. Future research must specify the conditions under which distance estimation training with metric feedback leads to performance improvements and decrements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0018720809340341
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066426-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can Distance Estimation Training Transfer to an Active Response?
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Vol. 50, No. 25 ( 2006-10), p. 2629-2633
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 25 ( 2006-10), p. 2629-2633
    Abstract: Telling individuals the distance between themselves and a target, right after they estimated that distance verbally, improves subsequent verbal estimations. Prior studies, however, have not tested whether or not such training improves the accuracy of perceptually guided actions, e.g., throwing an object to a target. We begin to do so here. Specifically, the present study compared throwing performance during Pre and Post-Testing for participants who either 1) generated verbal distance estimates during Training and received feedback, 2) produced verbal distance estimates during Training but did not receive feedback, or 3) performed an unrelated task during Training. An additional comparison examined whether any effects noted in earlier analyses stemmed from interactions between the Pre-Test and the feedback manipulation. Our results indicate that improving participants' ability to verbally estimate distances didn't improve (and possibly degraded) throwing accuracy. Accordingly, the benefits of verbal estimation training may only benefit subsequent verbal estimations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-5067 , 1071-1813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/154193120605002505
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2415770-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    African American Women Aspiring to the Superintendency: Lived Experiences and Barriers
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Journal of School Leadership Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 592-614
    Details
    In: Journal of School Leadership, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 592-614
    Abstract: Focused on the absence of a viable population of African American women in the superintendency, this study addressed barriers described by 10 credentialed, district-level Southern women who hold advanced education degrees coupled with years of leadership experience. This phenomenological study used interview methodology to uncover the lived experiences of African American women who were positioned professionally to apply for the superintendency. A Black feminist construct was employed to interpret personal themes—early expectations, family influences, ethical beliefs, vigilant preparation—that converged with external themes—disconnection from networks, oppression, and selection processes—to reveal obstacles to applying for the superintendency. Profiles of well-credentialed African American women educators are provided.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1052-6846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/105268461302300402
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2963047-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recruitment of trial participants through electronic medical record patient portal messaging: A pilot study
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Trials Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 30-38
    Details
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 30-38
    Abstract: Cost-efficient methods are essential for successful participant recruitment in clinical trials. Patient portal messages are an emerging means of recruiting potentially eligible patients into trials. We assessed the response rate and complaint rate from direct-to-patient, targeted recruitment through patient portals of an electronic medical record for a clinical trial, and compared response rates by differences in message content. Methods: The Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You (STURDY) trial is a National Institutes of Health–sponsored, community-based study of vitamin D supplementation for fall prevention in older adults conducted at Johns Hopkins. Potential participants were identified using the Epic electronic medical record at the Johns Hopkins Health System based on age (≥70 years), ZIP code (30-mile radius of study site), and prior activation of a patient portal account. We prepared a shorter message and a longer message. Both had basic information about study participation, but the longer message also contained information about the significance of the study and a personal invitation from the STURDY principal investigator. The Hopkins Institutional Review Board did not require prior consent from the patient or their providers. We calculated the response rate and tracked the number of complaints and requests for removal from future messages. We also determined response rate according to message content. Results: Of the 5.5 million individuals receiving care at the Johns Hopkins Health System, a sample of 6896 met our inclusion criteria and were sent one patient portal recruitment message between 6 April 2017 and 3 August 2017. Assessment of enrollment by this method ended on 1 December 2017. There were 116 patients who expressed interest in the study (response rate: 1.7%). Twelve (0.2%) recipients were randomized. There were two complaints (0.03%) and one request to unsubscribe from future recruitment messages (0.01%). Response rate was higher with the longer message than the shorter message (2.1% vs 1.2%; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Patient portal messages inviting seniors to participate in a randomized controlled trial resulted in a response rate similar to commercial email marketing and resulted in very few complaints or opt-out requests. Furthermore, a longer message with more content enhanced response rate. Recruitment through patient portals might be an effective strategy to enroll trial participants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1740774519873657
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159773-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neuraxial analgesia is not associated with an increased risk of post-partum relapses in MS
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Multiple Sclerosis Journal Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2019-04), p. 591-600
    Details
    In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2019-04), p. 591-600
    Abstract: Obstetrical analgesia remains a matter of controversy because of the fear of neurotoxicity of local anesthetics on demyelinated fibers or their potential relationship with subsequent relapses. Objective: To assess the impact of neuraxial analgesia on the risk of relapse during the first 3 months post-partum, with a focus on women who experienced relapses during pregnancy. Methods: We analyzed data of women followed-up prospectively during their pregnancies and at least 3 months post-partum, collected in the Pregnancy in Multiple Sclerosis (PRIMS) and Prevention of Post-Partum Relapses with Progestin and Estradiol in Multiple Sclerosis (POPARTMUS) studies between 1992–1995 and 2005–2012, respectively. The association of neuraxial analgesia with the occurrence of a post-partum relapse was estimated by logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 389 women were included, 215 from PRIMS and 174 from POPARTMUS. In total, 156 women (40%) had neuraxial analgesia. Overall, 24% experienced a relapse during pregnancy and 25% in the 3 months post-partum. Women with a pregnancy relapse were more likely to have a post-partum relapse (odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, p = 0.02), independently of the use of neuraxial analgesia. There was no association between neuraxial analgesia and post-partum relapse (OR = 1.08, p = 0.78). Conclusion: Neuraxial analgesia was not associated with an increased risk of post-partum relapses, whatever multiple sclerosis (MS) activity during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-4585 , 1477-0970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1352458518763080
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008225-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diffusion MRI: A New Strategy for Assessment of Cancer Therapeutic Efficacy
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Molecular Imaging Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 2002-10-1), p. 336-343
    Details
    In: Molecular Imaging, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 2002-10-1), p. 336-343
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1536-0121 , 1535-3508
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1162/153535002321093945
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069848-3
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Diffusion MRI: A New Strategy for Assessment of Cancer Therapeutic Efficacy
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Molecular Imaging Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 2002-10-01), p. 153535002002214-
    Details
    In: Molecular Imaging, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 2002-10-01), p. 153535002002214-
    Abstract: The use of anatomical imaging in clinical oncology practice traditionally relies on comparison of patient scans acquired before and following completion of therapeutic intervention. Therapeutic success is typically determined from inspection of gross anatomical images to assess changes in tumor size. Imaging could provide significant additional insight into therapeutic impact if a specific parameter or combination of parameters could be identified which reflect tissue changes at the cellular or physiologic level. This would provide an early indicator of treatment response/outcome in an individual patient before completion of therapy. Moreover, response of a tumor to therapeutic intervention may be heterogeneous. The use of imaging could assist in delineating therapeutic-induced spatial heterogeneity within a tumor mass by providing information related to specific regions that are resistant or responsive to treatment. Largely untapped potential resides in exploratory methods such as diffusion MRI, which is a non-volumetric intravoxel measure of tumor response based upon water molecular mobility. Alterations in water mobility reflect changes in tissue structure at the cellular level. While the clinical utility of diffusion MRI for oncologic practice is still under active investigation, this overview on the use of diffusion MRI for the evaluation of brain tumors will serve to introduce how this approach may be applied in the future for the management of patients with solid tumors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1536-0121 , 1536-0121
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1162/15353500200221482
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069848-3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Expression of PDE11A in Normal and Malignant Human Tissues
    SAGE Publications ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry Vol. 53, No. 7 ( 2005-07), p. 895-903
    Details
    In: Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, SAGE Publications, Vol. 53, No. 7 ( 2005-07), p. 895-903
    Abstract: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) is the newest member in the PDE family. Although the tissue distribution of PDE11A mRNA has been shown, its protein expression pattern has not been well studied. The goal of this report is to investigate the distribution of PDE11A proteins in a wide range of normal and malignant human tissues. We utilized a polyclonal antibody that recognized all four PDE11A isoforms. Its specificity was demonstrated by Western blot analysis on a recombinant human PDE11A protein and native PDE11A proteins in various human tissues. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDE11A is widely expressed. Various degrees of immunoreactivity were observed in the epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells of all tissues examined. The highest expression was in the epithelial, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells of the prostate, Leydig, and spermatogenic cells of the testis, the tubule epithelial cells in the kidney, the epithelial and endothelial cells in the adrenal, the epithelial cells and macrophages in the colon, and the epidermis in the skin. Furthermore, PDE11A expression was also detected in several human carcinomas. Our results suggest that PDE11A might be involved in multiple physiological processes in various organs via its ability to modulate intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1554 , 1551-5044
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5A6625.2005
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1421306-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterization of Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells from the Hen: A Unique Model for Ovarian Cancer
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Experimental Biology and Medicine Vol. 231, No. 11 ( 2006-12), p. 1718-1725
    Details
    In: Experimental Biology and Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 231, No. 11 ( 2006-12), p. 1718-1725
    Abstract: To further develop the hen as a model of ovarian adenocarcinoma, we have studied normal and neoplastic ovaries as well as cultured cells from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). We characterized the OSE layer of the hen for specific histologic markers and evaluated these markers on tumor tissue. We also isolated and characterized the epithelial cells that are the likely source of the ovarian tumors of the hen. The surface epithelium of normal ovaries demonstrated positive staining for cytokeratin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), progesterone receptor (PR), and negative staining for vimentin. Ovarian tumors demonstrated positive cytokeratin, PCNA, PR, and weak vimentin staining in the gland-like areas. Epithelial cell cultures were obtained by an explant method utilizing small and large yellow follicles. These cells were positive for cytokeratin and negative for vimentin on Days 1 and 3. By Day 10, cytokeratin protein expression was less for some cells, and vimentin expression was weakly present in some cells. Expression of PCNA was observed at Days 1 and 3, but was rarely seen in cells cultured for 10 days. Expression of PR was observed on Day 10 after 24-hr estrogen treatment. Epithelial cells grew slowly in culture, and were susceptible to trypsin or other dissociation treatments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-3702 , 1535-3699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/153537020623101108
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020856-X
    SSG: 12
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