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  • SAGE Publications  (23)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    HIV Lipodystrophy Case Definition using Artificial Neural Network Modelling
    SAGE Publications ; 2003
    In:  Antiviral Therapy Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2003-07), p. 435-441
    Details
    In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2003-07), p. 435-441
    Abstract: A case definition of HIV lipodystrophy has recently been developed from a combination of clinical, metabolic and imaging/body composition variables using logistic regression methods. We aimed to evaluate whether artificial neural networks could improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods The database of the case-control Lipodystrophy Case Definition Study was split into 504 subjects (265 with and 239 without lipodystrophy) used for training and 284 independent subjects (152 with and 132 without lipodystrophy) used for validation. Back-propagation neural networks with one or two middle layers were trained and validated. Results were compared against logistic regression models using the same information. Results Neural networks using clinical variables only (41 items) achieved consistently superior performance than logistic regression in terms of specificity, overall accuracy and area under the ROC curve. Their average sensitivity and specificity were 72.4 and 71.2%, as compared with 73.0 and 62.9% for logistic regression, respectively (area under the ROC curve, 0.784 vs 0.748). The discriminating performance of the neural networks was largely unaffected when built excluding 13 parameters that patients may not have readily available. The average sensitivity and specificity of the neural networks remained the same when metabolic variables were also considered (total 60 items) without a clear advantage against logistic regression (overall accuracy 71.8%). The performance of networks considering also body composition variables was similar to that of logistic regression (overall accuracy 78.5% for both). Conclusions Neural networks may offer a means to improve the discriminating performance for HIV lipodystrophy, when only clinical data are available and a rapid approximate diagnostic decision is needed. In this context, information on metabolic parameters is apparently not helpful in improving the diagnosis of HIV lipodystrophy, unless imaging and body composition studies are also obtained.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/135965350300800511
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118396-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predictors of Clinical Progression in HIV-1-Infected Adults Initiating Combination Antiretroviral Therapy with Advanced Disease in the Asia-Pacific Region : Results from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 270-277
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC), SAGE Publications, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 270-277
    Abstract: The majority of HIV-infected patients in developing countries commences combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with advanced disease. We examined predictors of disease progression in patients initiating cART with CD4 count ≤200 cells/mm 3 in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database. The main outcome measure was progression to either an AIDS-defining illness or death occurring 6 months after initiation of cART. We used survival analysis methods. A total of 1255 patients contributed 2696 person years of follow-up; 73 were diagnosed with AIDS and 9 died. The rate of progression to the combined end point was 3.0 per 100 person years. The factors significantly associated with a higher risk of disease progression were Indian ethnicity, infection through intravenous drug use, lower CD4 count, and hemoglobin ≤130 g/dL at 6 months. In conclusion, measurements of CD4 count and hemoglobin at month 6 may be useful for early identification of disease progression in resource-limited settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2325-9582 , 2325-9582
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1545109712469684
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2709037-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus
    SAGE Publications ; 2004
    In:  Lupus Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2004-03-01), p. 168-176
    Details
    In: Lupus, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2004-03-01), p. 168-176
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0961-2033
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1191/0961203304lu525oa
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008035-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Validity and sensitivity to change of laser Doppler imaging as a novel objective outcome measure for cutaneous lupus erythematosus
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Lupus Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2019-10), p. 1320-1328
    Details
    In: Lupus, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2019-10), p. 1320-1328
    Abstract: The objectives of this study were to assess the reliability of a novel objective outcome measure, laser Doppler imaging (LDI), its validity against skin biopsy histology and other clinical instruments, including localized cutaneous lupus disease area and severity index (L-CLASI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score of photographs, and its responsiveness to clinical change with therapy. Methods A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in 30 patients with active cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). At baseline and 3 months, disease activity was assessed using L-CLASI and a high resolution LDI system by two assessors. Skin biopsy was scored as 0 = non-active, 1 = mild activity and 2 = active. Photographs were assessed by two clinicians using 100 mm VAS. Inter-rater reliability was analyzed using Bland–Altman limits of agreement. Correlation between histology and LDI, L-CLASI and VAS and sensitivity to change of LDI with physician subjective assessment of change (PSAC) at 3 months were analyzed using Kendall’s tau-a. Results Of 30 patients with CLE, 28 (93%) were female, mean (SD) age 48.4 (11.5) y, 25 (83%) were Caucasians, 25 (83%) had concurrent systemic lupus erythematosus and 16 (53%) were smokers. CLE subtypes were acute = 9, subacute = 8 and chronic = 13. Inter-rater agreement for LDI was fair but for VAS score of photographs was poor. In 20 patients with biopsy, correlation with histology was better for LDI (tau-a = 0.53) than L-CLASI (tau-a = 0.26) (difference = 0.27; 90% CI 0.05–0.49) or VAS score of photographs (tau-a = 0.17) (difference = 0.36; 90% CI 0.04–0.68). There was a moderate correlation between PSAC score and change in LDI (tau-a = 0.56; 90% CI 0.38–0.74; p  〈  0.001, n = 15). Conclusion LDI provides a reliable, valid and responsive quantitative measure of inflammation in CLE. It has a better correlation with histology compared to clinical instruments. LDI provides an objective outcome measure for clinical trials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0961-2033 , 1477-0962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0961203319873977
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008035-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of LDL-C Reduction Using Different Evolocumab Doses and Intervals : Biological Insights and Treatment Implications
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 423-432
    Details
    In: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2018-09), p. 423-432
    Abstract: The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor evolocumab reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the risk of cardiovascular events. Objectives: To compare LDL-C reduction using evolocumab 140 mg once every 2 weeks (Q2W) or 420 mg monthly (QM) versus lower doses (70 mg Q2W or 280 mg QM) or placebo. Methods: Patients received evolocumab 70 or 140 mg Q2W, 280 or 420 mg QM, or placebo Q2W or QM in two 12-week phase 2 studies: one with and one without statins. Changes from baseline in LDL-C were compared across Q2W doses and across QM doses. Results: The analysis included 741 patients. Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) reduction in LDL-C across Q2W visits through week 12 was 63.0% (60.3% to 65.7%) for evolocumab 140 mg Q2W, compared to 41.3% (38.6% to 44.0%) for 70 mg Q2W and 1.9% (4.6% reduction to 0.8% increase) for placebo Q2W (each P 〈 .001 vs 140 mg Q2W), and 62.7% (60.1% to 65.3%) for 420 mg QM, compared to 55.5% (52.9% to 58.0%) for 280 mg QM and 2.5% (5.1% reduction to 0.1% increase) for placebo QM (each P 〈 .001 vs 420 mg QM). Similar results were observed at the mean of weeks 10 and 12. In a subgroup (n = 151) with weekly assessments from weeks 8 to 12, mean (95% CI) peak effect on LDL-C reduction was 72.8% (67.7% to 77.9%) for 140 mg Q2W and 69.0% (63.6% to 74.3%) for 420 mg QM. Trough effect at week 12 underestimated LDL-C reduction. Median peak–trough variability was 20.5%, 21.1%, 31.9%, and 35.1% for evolocumab 140 mg Q2W, 420 mg QM, 70 mg Q2W, and 280 mg QM, respectively. Conclusion: Evolocumab 140 mg Q2W and 420 mg QM yielded similar LDL-C reduction. These doses sustained maximal LDL-C reduction, resulting in greater stability in LDL-C reduction over the dosing interval compared to lower doses. These results support evolocumab doses of either 140 mg Q2W or 420 mg QM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1074-2484 , 1940-4034
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1074248418774043
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2230155-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    First Metacarpal Osteotomy for Carpo-Metacarpal Osteoarthritis
    SAGE Publications ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Hand Surgery Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 1991-08), p. 424-427
    Details
    In: Journal of Hand Surgery, SAGE Publications, Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 1991-08), p. 424-427
    Abstract: The results of basal osteotomy of the first metacarpal in the treatment of carpo-metacarpal osteoarthritis have been analysed from two small studies, one retrospective and one prospective. Assessment included clinical examination, standardised radiography and computerised pinch-grip analysis. Surgery reduces the subluxation at the first metacarpal base and provides good pain relief and restoration of function in the majority of cases. It is concluded that this relatively simple technique produces very good results without reducing power grip
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0266-7681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0266-7681(91)90018-J
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2376920-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pemphigoid, Bronchial Neoplasm and Radiotherapy
    SAGE Publications ; 1967
    In:  Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine Vol. 60, No. 12 ( 1967-12), p. 1271-1272
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 60, No. 12 ( 1967-12), p. 1271-1272
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-9157
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/003591576706001213
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1967
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046643-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effect of the “Zero Tolerance for Head Contact” Rule Change on the Risk of Concussions in Youth Ice Hockey Players
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 45, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 468-473
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 45, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 468-473
    Abstract: Ice hockey is a popular winter sport in Canada. Concussions account for the greatest proportion of all injuries in youth ice hockey. In 2011, a policy change enforcing “zero tolerance for head contact” was implemented in all leagues in Canada. Purpose: To determine if the risk of game-related concussions and more severe concussions (ie, resulting in 〉 10 days of time loss) and the mechanisms of a concussion differed for Pee Wee class (ages 11-12 years) and Bantam class (ages 13-14 years) players after the 2011 “zero tolerance for head contact” policy change compared with players in similar divisions before the policy change. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The retrospective cohort included Pee Wee (most elite 70%, 2007-2008; n = 891) and Bantam (most elite 30%, 2008-2009; n = 378) players before the rule change and Pee Wee (2011-2012; n = 588) and Bantam (2011-2012; n = 242) players in the same levels of play after the policy change. Suspected concussions were identified by a team designate and referred to a sport medicine physician for diagnosis. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated based on multiple Poisson regression analysis, controlling for clustering by team and other important covariates and offset by game-exposure hours. Incidence rates based on the mechanisms of a concussion were estimated based on univariate Poisson regression analysis. Results: The risk of game-related concussions increased after the head contact rule in Pee Wee (IRR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86) and Bantam (IRR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.17-5.24) players. The risk of more severe concussions increased after the head contact rule in Pee Wee (IRR, 4.12; 95% CI, 2.00-8.50) and Bantam (IRR, 7.91; 95% CI, 3.13-19.94) players. The rates of concussions due to body checking and direct head contact increased after the rule change. Conclusion: The “zero tolerance for head contact” policy change did not reduce the risk of game-related concussions in Pee Wee or Bantam class ice hockey players. Increased concussion awareness and education after the policy change may have contributed to the increased risk of concussions found after the policy change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546516669701
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Same name, same game, but is it different? An investigation of female rugby union match events in Canadian Varsity players
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. 1119-1127
    Details
    In: International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. 1119-1127
    Abstract: Rugby Union is team-based collision sport with increasing global popularity, particularly in the women's game. Despite this, there is currently no evidence demonstrating the frequency of match events outside of the international game. Therefore, the aim of this study is to outline the frequency and distribution of match events in non-international female rugby union to both outline the demands placed on players and to assess the patterns of play for future injury prevention strategies. Forty-eight games from three seasons of varsity rugby were coded and rates of events per match were calculated. Average ball in play percentage was 51%. The tackle was the most frequent contact match event [280.0 (95% CIs: 270.2-289.7)] while passes were the most frequent non-contact match events [323.2 (95% CIs: 311.8-334.5)] . The distribution of events across match quarter was largely consistent and neither the fixture type, nor the season was consistently associated with differences in match event count per game. This study provides the first analysis of match events outside of international game and provides a useful reference for coaches in preparation of players as well as comparable data for the women's game when informing decision making on injury prevention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1747-9541 , 2048-397X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/17479541211051961
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2237333-0
    SSG: 31
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Endotoxin and Histamine on Serum Enzyme Activity
    SAGE Publications ; 1971
    In:  Experimental Biology and Medicine Vol. 138, No. 2 ( 1971-11-01), p. 536-541
    Details
    In: Experimental Biology and Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 138, No. 2 ( 1971-11-01), p. 536-541
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-3702 , 1535-3699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3181/00379727-138-35934
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1971
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020856-X
    SSG: 12
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