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  • SAGE Publications  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Socioeconomic Disparities in Smoking Behavior and Early Smoking Initiation Among Men in Malawi
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Tobacco Use Insights Vol. 10 ( 2017-01-01), p. 1179173X1772629-
    Details
    In: Tobacco Use Insights, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10 ( 2017-01-01), p. 1179173X1772629-
    Abstract: Tobacco smoking is a growing concern for health care systems as it is projected to become the leading cause of death in the developing world. Knowledge of how smoking behavior differs across socioeconomic groups is crucial for designing effective preventive policies and alleviating the disparities. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of (1) smoking status, (2) early smoking initiation, and (3) association with socioeconomic status (SES) of the 2 among Malawian men. Methods: Cross-sectional data on 1693 men aged between 15 and 49 years were collected from the latest 2013-2014 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in Malawi. Educational qualification and wealth index quintile were used as the indicators of SES. Outcome variables were smoking status, first age of smoking being below 18 years, and ever using any form of smokeless tobacco products. Multiple logistic regression models were used to see the contribution of SES to smoking status and early smoking initiation. Results: Mean age of the sample population was 33.23 years (SD: 8.25). Prevalence of smoking, early initiation, and ever using any form of smokeless tobacco were, respectively, 46.6%, 33.7%, and 6%. Compared with men who had higher education, those who had no formal education, primary-level, and secondary-level qualification had, respectively, 21% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.209; 95% confidence interval [CI]  = 0.498-2.935), 40% (AOR = 1.4; 95% CI = 0.647-3.029), and 26% (AOR = 1.256; 95% CI = 0.593-2.661) higher odds of being a smoker. Those who had no formal education were 2.7 times (AOR = 2.734; 95% CI = 1.123-6.653) as likely to try smoking before reaching 18 years of age. Compared with the richest, those in the lowest wealth quintile had 32% lower odds (AOR = 0.676; 95% CI = 0.455-1.006) of early onset of smoking, 63% lower odds (AOR = 0.372; 95% CI = 0.201-0.690) of trying other tobacco products. Conclusions: Addressing the socioeconomic disparities could play a vital role in delaying early onset and limiting overall consumption of tobacco. Ongoing health policy talks to reduce the prevalence of smoking should take into consideration improving educational and material well-being among men.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1179-173X , 1179-173X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1179173X17726297
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2532401-9
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of Eight or More Antenatal Care Contacts: Findings From Multi-Country Nationally Representative Data
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Global Pediatric Health Vol. 8 ( 2021-01), p. 2333794X2110458-
    Details
    In: Global Pediatric Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8 ( 2021-01), p. 2333794X2110458-
    Abstract: Optimal antenatal care is an important service required by women and babies. To promote healthy motherhood and for positive pregnancy outcomes, World Health Organization recently recommended a minimum of 8 ANC contacts. We aim to explore the prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts using multi-country data. Urban dwellers, mothers with secondary or higher education, women from high household wealth, early birth order, and older mothers at childbirth had higher prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts respectively. The pooled prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts was 13.0%. Jordan had the leading prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts (74.0%), followed by Ghana (43.0%) and Albania (30.0%). On the other hand, Senegal, Uganda, and Zambia had very low prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts. There was heterogeneity in the prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts across countries. There was low prevalence of 8 or more ANC contacts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2333-794X , 2333-794X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2333794X211045822
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2785531-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differentials in the Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections Among Under-Five Children: An Analysis of 37 Sub-Saharan Countries
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Global Pediatric Health Vol. 10 ( 2023-01), p. 2333794X2311567-
    Details
    In: Global Pediatric Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10 ( 2023-01), p. 2333794X2311567-
    Abstract: We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of ARI in children under 5 years old in 37 SSA countries. Methods Data from Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of 37 African countries was examined in this analysis. Data from children under the age of 5 years old were examined. Forest plot was used to identify disparities in the occurrence of ARIs across SSA countries. Results We observed a higher prevalence of ARI among children under 5 in Uganda, Kenya, Sao Tome and Principe (9% each), Gabon, Chad, Eswatini (8% each), Burundi, Ethiopia, Congo Democratic Republic (7.0% each). The prevalence of ARI among under-five children who sought medical advice/treatment from health facility was higher in South Africa (88%), Sierra Leone (86%), Tanzanian (85%), Guinea (83%) and Uganda (80%). The prevalence rate of ARI among under-five children who received antibiotics was higher in Tanzania (61%), Sao Tome and Principe (60%), Rwanda and Congo (58% each), Angola (56.0%), Mozambique (54.0%), Kenya (53.0%), Namibia (52.0%) and Gabon (50.0%). This study found that the household wealth index, maternal education, and urban residence were significantly associated with ARI (p  〈 0.001). A higher prevalence of ARI was observed among urban residents, low income families, and those with mothers with lower education. Conclusion ARI prevalence could be reduced by improving household socioeconomic status, child nutrition and community awareness of indoor and outdoor pollution. Interventions and programs focused on early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ARIs are crucial in reducing ARIs particularly in developing countries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2333-794X , 2333-794X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2333794X231156715
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2785531-4
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    Online Resource
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