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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Histopathology of Disseminated Mycobacterium bovis Infection Complicating Intravesical BCG Immunotherapy for Urothelial Carcinoma
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of Surgical Pathology Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2015-05), p. 189-195
    Details
    In: International Journal of Surgical Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2015-05), p. 189-195
    Abstract: Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a mainstay of adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer. Disseminated BCG infection (“BCG-osis”) after this therapy is rare and potentially life-threatening; only isolated case reports detail the histopathologic findings thereof, few of which had a diagnosis confirmed by molecular testing. We report 3 additional cases of BCG-osis complicating BCG therapy, all confirmed by cultures and molecular assays, including the first cases of wedge biopsy-confirmed BCG pneumonia and BCG olecranon bursitis. When suggested by a relevant clinical history, recognition of randomly distributed granulomas in any organ should prompt consideration of BCG-osis and liberal performance of AFB stains, aided by targeted molecular assays. Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion when miliary infiltrates arise after intravesical BCG instillation, and close multidisciplinary communication is essential. Pathologist awareness of this rare cause of granulomatous inflammation aids recognition of BCG-osis and facilitates prompt initiation of antimycobacterial therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-8969 , 1940-2465
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1066896914567332
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070102-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Helpful Role of CD10 and Hormonal Receptors Co-Expression in the Histologic Diagnosis of Catamenial Pneumothorax
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Surgical Pathology Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 2019-09), p. 593-597
    Details
    In: International Journal of Surgical Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 2019-09), p. 593-597
    Abstract: The histology in cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is generally nonspecific, but a careful examination, taking into account clinical data, may reveal subtle tissue alterations leading to a specific diagnosis in cases that might otherwise be taken as primary and spontaneous. In this article, we describe 3 cases of catamenial pneumothorax histologically demonstrated by the presence of scattered and submillimeter aggregates of bland-looking spindle endometrial stromal cells (so-called “stromal endometriosis”) into the visceral pleural layer. The use of CD10 and estrogen and progesterone receptors in lung resection specimens from young women experiencing recurrent pneumothorax is extremely helpful in disclosing endometriosis and confirming a diagnosis of catamenial pneumothorax. A review of the literature on this topic is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-8969 , 1940-2465
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1066896919846386
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070102-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pulmonary Hemangiomas of Infancy and Childhood: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Pediatric and Developmental Pathology Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2002-05), p. 283-292
    Details
    In: Pediatric and Developmental Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2002-05), p. 283-292
    Abstract: Pulmonary hemangiomas are exceptionally rare in childhood and more so in infancy. They may involve the airways or the parenchyma, and may be localized or multifocal. We present two cases of pulmonary capillary hemangiomas. The first case is a localized form of capillary hemangioma that was resected from an 8-week-old infant with signs of respiratory distress. A computed tomography scan showed a cystic mass initially thought to be an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst. A segmental resection was performed and examination revealed a localized capillary hemangioma without cystic or cavernous features. The second case is an example of a multifocal capillary hemangioma from a 9-year-old child who presented clinically with clubbing of fingers and toes and radiologically had multiple discrete nodules localized to the right lung. The clinical and pathological features of the cases are discussed together with a review of the literature. The distinction from other vascular neoplasms of childhood is briefly described. Although rare, pulmonary hemangiomas should be entertained in the diagnosis of both solid and cystic intrapulmonary lesions of childhood and infancy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1093-5266 , 1615-5742
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10024-001-0151-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480654-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy in connective tissue diseases, to do or not to do?
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease Vol. 13 ( 2021-01), p. 1759720X2110596-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13 ( 2021-01), p. 1759720X2110596-
    Abstract: Bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy (LBx) are helpful in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD) and interstitial lung diseases (ILD) regardless of cause, including infectious, noninfectious, immunologic, or malignant. The decision whether to perform only bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and eventually a subsequent LBx in case of a nondiagnostic lavage, or one single bronchoscopy combining both sampling methods depends on the clinical suspicion, on patient’s characteristics (e.g. increased biopsy risk) and preferences, and on the resources and biopsy techniques available locally (e.g. regular forceps versus cryobiopsy). In CTD-ILD, BAL has major clinical utility in excluding infections and in the diagnosis of specific patterns of acute lung damage (e.g. alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse alveolar damage, and organizing pneumonia). LBx is indicated to exclude neoplasm or diagnose lymphoproliferative lung disorders that in CTD patients are more common than in the general population. Defining BAL cellularity and characterizing the CTD-ILD histopathologic pattern by LBx can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of cases without established CTD [e.g. ILD preceding full-blown CTD, interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF)], but the prognostic and theragnostic role of those findings remains unclear. Few studies in the pretranscriptomics era have investigated the diagnostic and prognostic role of BAL and LBx in CTD-ILD, and it is reasonable to hypothesize that future studies conducted applying innovative techniques on BAL and LBx might open new and unexpected avenues in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approach to CTD-ILD. This is particularly desirable now that a new drug treatment era is emerging, in which we have more than one therapeutic choice (immunosuppressive agents, antifibrotic drugs, and biological agents). We hope that future research will pave the path toward precision medicine providing data for a more accurate ILD-CTD endotyping that will guide the physicians through targeted therapeutic choices, rather than to the approximative approach ‘one drug fits them all’.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1759-720X , 1759-7218
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1759720X211059605
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516075-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Cost of Health Conditions in a Health Maintenance Organization
    SAGE Publications ; 2000
    In:  Medical Care Research and Review Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2000-03), p. 92-109
    Details
    In: Medical Care Research and Review, SAGE Publications, Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2000-03), p. 92-109
    Abstract: In this retrospective cohort analysis of all adults who were members of Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, between July 1995 and June 1996 (N = 2,076,303), the authors estimated the prevalence, average annual costs per person, and percentage of total direct medical expenditures attributable to each of 25 chronic and acute conditions. Ordinary least squares regression was used to adjust for age, gender, and comorbidities. The costs attributable to the 25 conditions accounted for 78 percent of the health maintenance organization’s total direct medical expense for this age-group. Injury accounted for a higher proportion (11.5 percent) of expenditures than any other single condition. Three cardiovascular conditions—ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and congestive heart failure—together accounted for 17 percent of direct medical expense and separately accounted for 6.8 percent, 5.7 percent, and 4.0 percent, respectively. Renal failure ($22,636), colorectal cancer ($10,506), pneumonia ($9,499), and lung cancer ($8,612) were the most expensive conditions per person per year.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1077-5587 , 1552-6801
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/107755870005700106
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070248-6
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