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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Approaches to Charitable Giving and Perceptions of Organizational Effectiveness Among Midlevel Donors
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly
    Details
    In: Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: For decades, scholars have devoted attention to identifying the giving habits of charitable donors, yet the behaviors of midlevel donors have not been independently considered. This study examined midlevel donors’ approaches to charitable giving and the extent to which they give to effective organizations. Operationalized as giving between U.S.$2,000 and U.S.$20,000 annually, we analyzed descriptive statistics and multivariate probit models of 1,260 midlevel donors using a novel study. We found that respondents were least likely to engage in ad hoc giving and most likely to give to organizations due to personal connections or prior research. However, while caring about a cause or issue was consistently and positively associated with giving to organizations that respondents viewed as effective, efforts to understand the organization’s work and the broader causes or issues were not. Our results suggest that identifying midlevel donors’ chosen causes is the first of several steps to giving to effective organizations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-7640 , 1552-7395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08997640231196888
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029449-9
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recruitment of trial participants through electronic medical record patient portal messaging: A pilot study
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Trials Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 30-38
    Details
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 30-38
    Abstract: Cost-efficient methods are essential for successful participant recruitment in clinical trials. Patient portal messages are an emerging means of recruiting potentially eligible patients into trials. We assessed the response rate and complaint rate from direct-to-patient, targeted recruitment through patient portals of an electronic medical record for a clinical trial, and compared response rates by differences in message content. Methods: The Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You (STURDY) trial is a National Institutes of Health–sponsored, community-based study of vitamin D supplementation for fall prevention in older adults conducted at Johns Hopkins. Potential participants were identified using the Epic electronic medical record at the Johns Hopkins Health System based on age (≥70 years), ZIP code (30-mile radius of study site), and prior activation of a patient portal account. We prepared a shorter message and a longer message. Both had basic information about study participation, but the longer message also contained information about the significance of the study and a personal invitation from the STURDY principal investigator. The Hopkins Institutional Review Board did not require prior consent from the patient or their providers. We calculated the response rate and tracked the number of complaints and requests for removal from future messages. We also determined response rate according to message content. Results: Of the 5.5 million individuals receiving care at the Johns Hopkins Health System, a sample of 6896 met our inclusion criteria and were sent one patient portal recruitment message between 6 April 2017 and 3 August 2017. Assessment of enrollment by this method ended on 1 December 2017. There were 116 patients who expressed interest in the study (response rate: 1.7%). Twelve (0.2%) recipients were randomized. There were two complaints (0.03%) and one request to unsubscribe from future recruitment messages (0.01%). Response rate was higher with the longer message than the shorter message (2.1% vs 1.2%; p = 0.005). Conclusion: Patient portal messages inviting seniors to participate in a randomized controlled trial resulted in a response rate similar to commercial email marketing and resulted in very few complaints or opt-out requests. Furthermore, a longer message with more content enhanced response rate. Recruitment through patient portals might be an effective strategy to enroll trial participants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1740774519873657
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159773-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multidimensional Signals and Analytic Flexibility: Estimating Degrees of Freedom in Human-Speech Analyses
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2023-07)
    Details
    In: Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2023-07)
    Abstract: Recent empirical studies have highlighted the large degree of analytic flexibility in data analysis that can lead to substantially different conclusions based on the same data set. Thus, researchers have expressed their concerns that these researcher degrees of freedom might facilitate bias and can lead to claims that do not stand the test of time. Even greater flexibility is to be expected in fields in which the primary data lend themselves to a variety of possible operationalizations. The multidimensional, temporally extended nature of speech constitutes an ideal testing ground for assessing the variability in analytic approaches, which derives not only from aspects of statistical modeling but also from decisions regarding the quantification of the measured behavior. In this study, we gave the same speech-production data set to 46 teams of researchers and asked them to answer the same research question, resulting in substantial variability in reported effect sizes and their interpretation. Using Bayesian meta-analytic tools, we further found little to no evidence that the observed variability can be explained by analysts’ prior beliefs, expertise, or the perceived quality of their analyses. In light of this idiosyncratic variability, we recommend that researchers more transparently share details of their analysis, strengthen the link between theoretical construct and quantitative system, and calibrate their (un)certainty in their conclusions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2515-2459 , 2515-2467
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/25152459231162567
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2904847-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19 Case Investigations Among Federally Quarantined Evacuees From Wuhan, China, and Exposed Personnel at a US Military Base, United States, February 5-21, 2020
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Public Health Reports Vol. 137, No. 2 ( 2022-03), p. 203-207
    Details
    In: Public Health Reports, SAGE Publications, Vol. 137, No. 2 ( 2022-03), p. 203-207
    Abstract: In February 2020, during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, 232 evacuees from Wuhan, China, were placed under federal 14-day quarantine upon arrival at a US military base in San Diego, California. We describe the monitoring of evacuees and responders for symptoms of COVID-19, case and contact investigations, infection control procedures, and lessons learned to inform future quarantine protocols for evacuated people from a hot spot resulting from a novel pathogen. Thirteen (5.6%) evacuees had COVID-19–compatible symptoms and 2 (0.9%) had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Two case investigations identified 43 contacts; 3 (7.0%) contacts had symptoms but tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Daily symptom and temperature screening of evacuees and enacted infection control procedures resulted in rapid case identification and isolation and no detected secondary transmission among evacuees or responders. Lessons learned highlight the challenges associated with public health response to a novel pathogen and the evolution of mitigation strategies as knowledge of the pathogen evolves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-3549 , 1468-2877
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00333549211063469
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017700-8
    SSG: 20,1
    SSG: 27
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantifying Sources of Variability in Infancy Research Using the Infant-Directed-Speech Preference
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-03), p. 24-52
    Details
    In: Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, SAGE Publications, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-03), p. 24-52
    Abstract: Psychological scientists have become increasingly concerned with issues related to methodology and replicability, and infancy researchers in particular face specific challenges related to replicability: For example, high-powered studies are difficult to conduct, testing conditions vary across labs, and different labs have access to different infant populations. Addressing these concerns, we report on a large-scale, multisite study aimed at (a) assessing the overall replicability of a single theoretically important phenomenon and (b) examining methodological, cultural, and developmental moderators. We focus on infants’ preference for infant-directed speech (IDS) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Stimuli of mothers speaking to their infants and to an adult in North American English were created using seminaturalistic laboratory-based audio recordings. Infants’ relative preference for IDS and ADS was assessed across 67 laboratories in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia using the three common methods for measuring infants’ discrimination (head-turn preference, central fixation, and eye tracking). The overall meta-analytic effect size (Cohen’s d) was 0.35, 95% confidence interval = [0.29, 0.42], which was reliably above zero but smaller than the meta-analytic mean computed from previous literature (0.67). The IDS preference was significantly stronger in older children, in those children for whom the stimuli matched their native language and dialect, and in data from labs using the head-turn preference procedure. Together, these findings replicate the IDS preference but suggest that its magnitude is modulated by development, native-language experience, and testing procedure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2515-2459 , 2515-2467
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2515245919900809
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2904847-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Higher Concentration of Dialysate Magnesium to Reduce the Frequency of Muscle Cramps: A Narrative Review
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease Vol. 7 ( 2020-01), p. 205435812096407-
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 7 ( 2020-01), p. 205435812096407-
    Abstract: Strategies to mitigate muscle cramps are a top research priority for patients receiving hemodialysis. As hypomagnesemia is a possible risk factor for cramping, we reviewed the literature to better understand the physiology of cramping as well as the epidemiology of hypomagnesemia and muscle cramps. We also sought to review the evidence from interventional studies on the effect of oral and dialysate magnesium-based therapies on muscle cramps. Sources of information: Peer-reviewed articles. Methods: We searched for relevant articles in major bibliographic databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE. The methodological quality of interventional studies was assessed using a modified version of the Downs and Blacks criteria checklist. Key findings: The etiology of muscle cramps in patients receiving hemodialysis is poorly understood and there are no clear evidence-based prevention or treatment strategies. Several factors may play a role including a low concentration of serum magnesium. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia (concentration of 〈 0.7 mmol/L) in patients receiving hemodialysis ranges from 10% to 20%. Causes of hypomagnesemia include a low dietary intake of magnesium, use of medications that inhibit magnesium absorption (eg, proton pump inhibitors), increased magnesium excretion (eg, high-dose loop diuretics), and a low concentration of dialysate magnesium. Dialysate magnesium concentrations of ≤0.5 mmol/L may be associated with a decrease in serum magnesium concentration over time. Preliminary evidence from observational and interventional studies suggests a higher dialysate magnesium concentration will raise serum magnesium concentrations and may reduce the frequency and severity of muscle cramps. However, the quality of evidence supporting this benefit is limited, and larger, multicenter clinical trials are needed to further determine if magnesium-based therapy can reduce muscle cramps in patients receiving hemodialysis. In studies conducted to date, increasing the concentration of dialysate magnesium appears to be well-tolerated and is associated with a low risk of symptomatic hypermagnesemia. Limitations: Few interventional studies have examined the effect of magnesium-based therapy on muscle cramps in patients receiving hemodialysis and most were nonrandomized, pre-post study designs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-3581 , 2054-3581
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2054358120964078
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2765462-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predictors of glycaemic control among HIV-positive veterans with diabetes
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 26, No. 4 ( 2015-03), p. 262-267
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 26, No. 4 ( 2015-03), p. 262-267
    Abstract: Antiretroviral therapy has decreased HIV-related mortality. However, the incidence of diabetes as a co-morbidity is increasing as HIV-positive patients age. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between markers of HIV-infection and diabetes and to determine the proportion of patients achieving an haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) goal 〈 7% according to specific antiretroviral therapy regimens and adherence. In this retrospective study, HIV-positive veterans with diabetes from 2007 to 2012 were identified. Patients were required to be on the same antiretroviral therapy and diabetes regimen for ≥3 months. In 56 patients, it was identified that for each unit increase in log 10 viral load, HbA1c increased 0.67 units ( p = 0.0085). Only 38% of patients prescribed a protease inhibitor–based regimen vs. 56% of patients not on a protease inhibitor–based regimen achieved an HbA1c goal ( p = 0.1864). Additionally, patients on an insulin-based regimen and patients that were less adherent were less likely to be at HbA1c goal ( p = 0.018 and p = 0.0378, respectively). Patients with higher viral loads and patients that were less adherent to antiretroviral therapy were more likely to have a higher HbA1c demonstrating that poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy leads to poor control of both disease states.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0956462414535207
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    “The Red Zone” : Temporal Risk for Unwanted Sex Among College Students
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Interpersonal Violence Vol. 23, No. 9 ( 2008-09), p. 1177-1196
    Details
    In: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 9 ( 2008-09), p. 1177-1196
    Abstract: The “red zone” usually refers to the first few weeks of the first semester at college, when female students are believed to be at greatest risk for experiencing unwanted sex. We tested this notion using data from a survey study of 207 first-and second-year students (121 women, 84 men) at a small, liberal arts university. Results demonstrated only one significant elevation in incidence rates of first- and second-year women's unwanted sexual experiences (sexual touching, attempted and completed anal, oral, and vaginal sex), between the end of the first month and fall break (mid-October) during the second year at school. Previous research and local information about the relevant behaviors of sorority and fraternity members is discussed in light of these findings to provide heuristic material for further empirical testing. Because risk may involve both temporal and situational factors, systematic collection and dissemination of local data are recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-2605 , 1552-6518
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0886260508314308
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028900-5
    SSG: 2
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Using Generalizability Theory to Estimate the Reliability of Writing Scores Derived from Holistic and Analytical Scoring Methods
    SAGE Publications ; 1999
    In:  Educational and Psychological Measurement Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 1999-06), p. 492-506
    Details
    In: Educational and Psychological Measurement, SAGE Publications, Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 1999-06), p. 492-506
    Abstract: Issues surrounding the psychometric properties of writing assessments have received ongoing attention. However, the reliability estimates of scores derived from various holistic and analytical scoring strategies reported in the literature have relied on classical test theory (CT), which accounts for only a single source of variance within a given analysis. Generalizability theory (GT) is a more powerful and flexible strategy that allows for the simultaneous estimation of multiple sources of error variance to estimate the reliability of test scores. Using GT, two studies were conducted to investigate the impact of the number of raters and the type of decision (relative vs. absolute) on the reliability of writing scores. The results of both studies indicated that the reliability coefficients for writing scores decline as (a) the number of raters is reduced and (b) when absolute decisions rather than relative decisions are made.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0013-1644 , 1552-3888
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00131649921970008
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500101-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 206630-0
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 10
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    Projective Test Use Among School Psychologists : A Survey and Critique
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2006-06), p. 145-159
    Details
    In: Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2006-06), p. 145-159
    Abstract: The use of projective techniques by school psychologists has been a point of interest and debate, with a number of survey studies documenting usage. The purpose of this study is to update the status of projective use among school psychologists, with a specific focus on their use in the social emotional assessment of children in schools. In addition to gathering information about the frequency of use, this study provides information about the types of assessment activities in which the assessments are used and practitioner’s perception of the utility of specific instruments. Results indicate that school psychologists view projective assessments as moderately useful and that they continue to use projectives across grades and for a variety of educational purposes, including eligibility determination and intervention development. Results are discussed critically in the context of previous research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0734-2829 , 1557-5144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0734282906287828
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202407-4
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 5,3
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