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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathogenesis of Kasokero virus in experimentally infected Egyptian rousette bats ( Rousettus aegyptiacus )
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Veterinary Pathology Vol. 60, No. 3 ( 2023-05), p. 324-335
    Details
    In: Veterinary Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 60, No. 3 ( 2023-05), p. 324-335
    Abstract: Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs; Rousettus aegyptiacus; family Pteropodidae) are associated with a growing number of bunyaviruses of public health importance, including Kasokero virus (KASV), which was first identified as a zoonosis in Uganda in 1977. In this study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from a previous experiment in which KASV infection was confirmed in 18 experimentally infected ERBs were used for an in-depth analysis using histopathology, in situ hybridization (ISH) for detection of viral RNA, immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess the mononuclear phagocyte system response, and quantitative digital image analysis to investigate virus clearance from the liver and spleen within a spatial context. Significant gross and histological lesions were limited to the liver, where KASV-infected bats developed mild to moderate, acute viral hepatitis, which was first observed at 3 days postinfection (DPI), peaked at 6 DPI, and was resolved by 20 DPI. A subset of bats had glycogen depletion ( n = 10) and hepatic necrosis ( n = 3), rarely with intralesional bacteria ( n = 1). Virus replication was confirmed by ISH in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and tongue. In the liver, KASV replicated in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, to a lesser extent in mononuclear phagocytes, and rarely in presumptive endothelial cells. Most KASV RNA, as detected by ISH, was cleared from the spleen and liver by 6 DPI. It is concluded that ERBs have effective mechanisms to respond to this virus, clearing it without evidence of clinical disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-9858 , 1544-2217
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03009858231158076
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106608-5
    SSG: 22
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    “Let’s Talk About Stealing Sh*t”: Online Socialization and Its Potential to Influence Offline Offending
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Crime & Delinquency
    Details
    In: Crime & Delinquency, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Social media use has significantly increased in recent years, yet relatively few studies have applied criminological theory to understand how online spaces may influence offline criminal behavior. This study uses content analysis techniques to explore how social media users are exposed to socialization processes on an online forum that promotes shoplifting. Findings indicate that concepts derived from the social learning perspective—such as motivations for shoplifting, techniques for participating in this behavior, and reinforcement for offending—were manifested and spread in this online community. These results suggest that social media users can be exposed to key elements of social learning processes that could impact their offline behavior. The implications of these findings for research and policy are considered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0011-1287 , 1552-387X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00111287231161532
    RVK:
    PH 196
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1499997-3
    SSG: 2
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Historians Reveal about Labor and Free Trade in Latin America
    SAGE Publications ; 1997
    In:  Work and Occupations Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 1997-08), p. 381-398
    Details
    In: Work and Occupations, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 1997-08), p. 381-398
    Abstract: How can the study of experiences of workers in previous free-trade regimes inform scholars about the likely outcomes for labor in today's market reforms? This article explores labor during the second of four distinct periods of trade reform, that of the late eighteenth century. Tighter integration of Latin America into the world economy resulted in the enlarged demand for labor, the highest slave imports in the colonial period, a resurgence of forced labor mechanisms, and proletarianization. However, workers also influenced the expanding economy. They pressed for higher wages, resisted work discipline, and eventually contributed to the end of export expansion by attacking plantations during the Independence Wars. The article also compares the eighteenth century reforms to the current ones, explaining why unemployment is more widespread today.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-8884 , 1552-8464
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0730888497024003008
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001276-7
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of Conical Soluble Phosphate Glass Fibers for Directional Tissue Growth
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Biomaterials Applications Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2012-02), p. 733-744
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomaterials Applications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2012-02), p. 733-744
    Abstract: One of the challenges of tissue engineering is the regulation of vascularization and innervations of the implant by the host. Here, we propose that using soluble phosphate glass (SPG) fibers, incorporated in dense collagen constructs will allow us to control the rate and direction of tissue ingrowth. The idea here was to generate channels with tailored direction using conical phosphate glass fibers. The changing surface area-to-mass ratio of conical fibers will make them to dissolve faster from their narrow ends opening up channels in that direction ahead of any ingrowing cells. In this study, we show that SPG fibers can be manipulated to produce conical shape fibers using graded dissolution. Our result shows that 40 µm fibers of composition ratio 0.5 (P 2 O 5 ):0.25 (CaO):0.25 (Na 2 O) and dissolution time of 8–10 h have a mean reduction in fiber diameter of 8.85 ± 2.8 µm over 19.5 mm fiber length, i.e., a mean rate of 0.5 µm/mm ( n = 20) change. These conically shaped fibers can also be manipulated and potentially used to promote uniaxial cell–tissue ingrowth for improved innervations and vascularization of tissue engineered constructs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3282 , 1530-8022
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0885328210394396
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2072559-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towards nationally curated data archives for clinical radiology image analysis at scale: Learnings from national data collection in response to a pandemic
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  DIGITAL HEALTH Vol. 7 ( 2021-01), p. 205520762110486-
    Details
    In: DIGITAL HEALTH, SAGE Publications, Vol. 7 ( 2021-01), p. 205520762110486-
    Abstract: The prevalence of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease has resulted in the unprecedented collection of health data to support research. Historically, coordinating the collation of such datasets on a national scale has been challenging to execute for several reasons, including issues with data privacy, the lack of data reporting standards, interoperable technologies, and distribution methods. The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease pandemic has highlighted the importance of collaboration between government bodies, healthcare institutions, academic researchers and commercial companies in overcoming these issues during times of urgency. The National COVID-19 Chest Imaging Database, led by NHSX, British Society of Thoracic Imaging, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty, is an example of such a national initiative. Here, we summarise the experiences and challenges of setting up the National COVID-19 Chest Imaging Database, and the implications for future ambitions of national data curation in medical imaging to advance the safe adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2055-2076 , 2055-2076
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20552076211048654
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2819396-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology—Peritoneal Dialysis (SONG-PD): Study Protocol for Establishing a Core Outcome Set in PD
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 639-647
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 639-647
    Abstract: Worldwide, approximately 11% of patients on dialysis receive peritoneal dialysis (PD). Whilst PD may offer more autonomy to patients compared with hemodialysis, patient and caregiver burnout, technique failure, and peritonitis remain major challenges to the success of PD. Improvements in care and outcomes are likely to be mediated by randomized trials of innovative therapies, but will be limited if the outcomes measured and reported are not important for patients and clinicians. The aim of the Standardised Outcomes in Nephrology-Peritoneal Dialysis (SONG-PD) study is to establish a set of core outcomes for trials in patients on PD based on the shared priorities of all stakeholders, so that outcomes of most relevance for decision-making can be evaluated, and that interventions can be compared reliably. Methods The 5 phases in the SONG-PD project are: a systematic review to identify outcomes and outcome measures that have been reported in randomized trials involving patients on PD; focus groups using nominal group technique with patients and caregivers to identify, rank, and describe reasons for their choice of outcomes; semi-structured key informant interviews with health professionals; a 3-round international Delphi survey involving a multi-stakeholder panel; and a consensus workshop to review and endorse the proposed set of core outcome domains for PD trials. Discussion The establishment of 3 to 5 high-priority core outcomes, to be measured and reported consistently in all trials in PD, will enable patients and clinicians to make informed decisions about the relative effectiveness of interventions, based upon outcomes of common importance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2017.00022
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19, Diffuse Anxiety, and Public (Mis)Trust in Government: Empirical Insights and Implications for Crime and Justice
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Criminal Justice Review
    Details
    In: Criminal Justice Review, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Given that trust in government is a critical feature of a well-functioning democracy, research into its determinants has long been a priority among public opinion scholars. The consensus in the literature is that short-term factors drive the ebbs and flows of public trust, and a climate of mistrust has significant consequences on the government's ability to deliver on policies and enforce the law. Despite decades of extensive research on public trust, changing circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic support the need to investigate the factors shaping trust in this distinct period. This article, using data from the American National Election Study, explores how economic, social, and political anxieties pervasive throughout the pandemic influence trust in the United States government. Findings from ordered logistic regression analyses indicate that public trust in government is associated with views of the government's COVID-19 response, beliefs about the state of the country and government corruption, economic anxieties, and concerns about election fraud and the status of American democracy. Findings also reveal that sentiments toward institutions—including the police and the Center for Disease Control—contribute to variability in public trust. The implications of these findings for criminal justice research and policy are also considered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0734-0168 , 1556-3839
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/07340168231190673
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2187435-9
    SSG: 2
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patients’ Perspectives on the Prevention and Treatment of Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Semi-Structured Interview Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2016-11), p. 631-639
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2016-11), p. 631-639
    Abstract: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is recommended for adults with residual kidney function and without significant comorbidities. However, peritonitis is a serious and common complication that is associated with hospitalization, pain, catheter loss, and death. This study aims to describe the beliefs, needs, and experiences of PD patients about peritonitis, to inform the training, support, and care of these patients. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 patients from 3 renal units in Australia who had previous or current experience of PD. The interviews were conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. Transcripts were analyzed thematically. Results We identified 4 themes: constant vigilance for prevention (conscious of vulnerability, sharing responsibility with family, demanding attention to detail, ambiguity of detecting infection, ineradicable inhabitation, jeopardizing PD success); invading harm (life-threatening, wreaking internal damage, debilitating pain, losing control and dignity); incapacitating lifestyle interference (financial strain, isolation and separation, exacerbating burden on family); and exasperation with hospitalization (dread of hospital admission, exposure to infection, gruelling follow-up schedule, exposure to harm). Conclusions Patients perceived that peritonitis could threaten their health, treatment modality, and lifestyle, which motivated vigilance and attention to hygiene. They felt a loss of control due to debilitating symptoms including pain and having to be hospitalized, and they were uncertain about how to monitor for signs of peritonitis. Providing patients with education about the causes and signs of peritonitis and addressing their concerns about lifestyle impact, financial impact, hospitalization, and peritonitis-related anxieties may improve treatment satisfaction and outcomes for patients requiring PD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00075
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Focus Groups and Methodological Reflections : Conscientious Flexibility in the Field
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Disability Policy Studies Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2006-03), p. 248-258
    Details
    In: Journal of Disability Policy Studies, SAGE Publications, Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2006-03), p. 248-258
    Abstract: This article discusses the methodological issues and pragmatic dilemmas confronted by a group of researchers conducting focus groups composed of people with disabilities. As an initial component of a mixed-method, longitudinal research project, the intention was to gather perceptions of the ways in which recent policy initiatives shape the lives and employment experiences of people with disabilities. We present the methodological design issues we encountered in planning and conducting the focus groups with the hope that our reflections inform future qualitative research designs involving people with disabilities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1044-2073 , 1538-4802
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10442073060160040601
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094126-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Anticholinergic Medications on Falls, Fracture Risk, and Bone Mineral Density Over a 10-Year Period
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 48, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 954-961
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 48, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 954-961
    Abstract: Background: Many medications used in older adults have strong anticholinergic (ACH) properties, which may increase the risk of falls and fractures. Use of these medications was identified in a population-based Canadian cohort. Objective: To identify the fall and fracture risk associated with ACH medication use. Methods: Data collection and analysis were conducted at baseline, year 5, and year 10. Cross-sectional analyses were performed to examine associations between ACH medication use and falls. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to examine time to first nontraumatic fracture. Finally, change in bone mineral density (BMD) over 10 years was compared in ACH medication users versus nonusers. Results: Strongly ACH medications were used by 618 of 7753 participants (8.0%) at study baseline, 592 (9.5%) at year 5, and 334 (7.7%) at year 10. Unadjusted ACH medication use was associated with falls at baseline (odds ratio = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.14-1.98; P = 0.004), but the association was no longer significant after covariate adjustment. Similar results occurred at years 5 and 10. ACH medication use was associated with increased incident fracture risk before (hazard ratio = 1.22; CI = 1.13-1.32; P 〈 0.001) but not after covariate adjustment. Mean (SD) change in femoral neck BMD T-score over 10 years, in those using ACH medications at both years 0 and 5, was −0.60 (0.63) in ACH users versus −0.49 (0.45) in nonusers ( P = 0.041), but this was not significant after covariate adjustment. Conclusions: ACH medications were not found to be independently associated with an increased risk of falling, fractures, or BMD loss. Rather, factors associated with ACH medication use explained the apparent associations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1060028014535363
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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