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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Contribution of Spinal Glial Cells to Chronic Pain Behaviour in the Monosodium Iodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritic Pain
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Molecular Pain Vol. 7 ( 2011-01-01), p. 1744-8069-7-88-
    Details
    In: Molecular Pain, SAGE Publications, Vol. 7 ( 2011-01-01), p. 1744-8069-7-88-
    Abstract: Clinical studies of osteoarthritis (OA) suggest central sensitization may contribute to the chronic pain experienced. This preclinical study used the monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) model of OA joint pain to investigate the potential contribution of spinal sensitization, in particular spinal glial cell activation, to pain behaviour in this model. Experimental OA was induced in the rat by the intra-articular injection of MIA and pain behaviour (change in weight bearing and distal allodynia) was assessed. Spinal cord microglia (Iba1 staining) and astrocyte (GFAP immunofluorescence) activation were measured at 7, 14 and 28 days post MIA-treatment. The effects of two known inhibitors of glial activation, nimesulide and minocycline, on pain behaviour and activation of microglia and astrocytes were assessed. Results: Seven days following intra-articular injection of MIA, microglia in the ipsilateral spinal cord were activated (p 〈 0. 05, compared to contralateral levels and compared to saline controls). Levels of activated microglia were significantly elevated at day 14 and 21 post MIA-injection. At day 28, microglia activation was significantly correlated with distal allodynia (p 〈 0.05). Ipsilateral spinal GFAP immunofluorescence was significantly (p 〈 0.01) increased at day 28, but not at earlier timepoints, in the MIA model, compared to saline controls. Repeated oral dosing (days 14-20) with nimesulide attenuated pain behaviour and the activation of microglia in the ipsilateral spinal cord at day 21. This dosing regimen also significantly attenuated distal allodynia (p 〈 0.001) and numbers of activated microglia (p 〈 0.05) and GFAP immunofluorescence (p 〈 0.001) one week later in MIA-treated rats, compared to vehicle-treated rats. Repeated administration of minocycline also significantly attenuated pain behaviour and reduced the number of activated microglia and decreased GFAP immunofluorescence in ipsilateral spinal cord of MIA treated rats. Conclusions: Here we provide evidence for a contribution of spinal glial cells to pain behaviour, in particular distal allodynia, in this model of osteoarthritic pain. Our data suggest there is a potential role of glial cells in the central sensitization associated with OA, which may provide a novel analgesic target for the treatment of OA pain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1744-8069 , 1744-8069
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-7-88
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2174252-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Primary Adrenal Epithelioid Angiosarcoma: A Case Report
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Surgical Pathology
    Details
    In: International Journal of Surgical Pathology, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Primary adrenal angiosarcomas are exceedingly rare with a rapidly progressive clinical course and a poor outcome. Establishing the diagnosis can be challenging, and it is complicated by the fact that there are no characteristic clinical or imaging features that are pathognomonic for angiosarcoma. Histologically, they can overlap with other more commonly encountered adrenal tumors. Herein, we present an otherwise healthy 41-year-old woman diagnosed with a primary adrenal epithelioid angiosarcoma. We aim to expand the knowledge of the sparse literature existing on primary adrenal angiosarcomas to help better understand the diagnostic features, clinical behavior, and management of these rare tumors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-8969 , 1940-2465
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10668969231188907
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070102-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Negative Phase of the Blast Load
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Protective Structures Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2014-03), p. 1-19
    Details
    In: International Journal of Protective Structures, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2014-03), p. 1-19
    Abstract: Following the positive phase of a blast comes a period where the pressure falls below atmospheric pressure known as the negative phase. Whilst the positive phase of the blast is well understood, validation of the negative phase is rare in the literature, and as such it is often incorrectly treated or neglected altogether. Herein, existing methods of approximating the negative phase are summarised and recommendations of which form to use are made based on experimental validation. Also, through numerical simulations, the impact of incorrectly modelling the negative phase has been shown and its implications discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-4196 , 2041-420X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1260/2041-4196.5.1.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2548257-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Questions About Questionable Research Practices in the Field of Management : A Guest Commentary
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Management Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 5-20
    Details
    In: Journal of Management, SAGE Publications, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 5-20
    Abstract: The discussion regarding questionable research practices (QRPs) in management as well as the broader natural and social sciences has increased substantially in recent years. Despite the attention, questions remain regarding research norms and the implications for both theoretical and practical advancements. The aim of the current article is to address these issues in a question-and-answer format while drawing upon both past research and the results of a series of new studies conducted using a mixed-methods design. Our goal is to encourage a systematic, collegial, and constructive dialogue regarding QRPs in management research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-2063 , 1557-1211
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0149206315619011
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015295-4
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A terminology for in situ visualization and analysis systems
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 676-691
    Details
    In: The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 676-691
    Abstract: The term “in situ processing” has evolved over the last decade to mean both a specific strategy for visualizing and analyzing data and an umbrella term for a processing paradigm. The resulting confusion makes it difficult for visualization and analysis scientists to communicate with each other and with their stakeholders. To address this problem, a group of over 50 experts convened with the goal of standardizing terminology. This paper summarizes their findings and proposes a new terminology for describing in situ systems. An important finding from this group was that in situ systems are best described via multiple, distinct axes: integration type, proximity, access, division of execution, operation controls, and output type. This paper discusses these axes, evaluates existing systems within the axes, and explores how currently used terms relate to the axes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-3420 , 1741-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1094342020935991
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017480-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Retrospective Analysis of Geriatric Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: Delaying Surgery Is Associated With Increased Morbidity, Mortality, and Length of Stay
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation Vol. 9 ( 2018-01-01), p. 215145931879526-
    Details
    In: Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9 ( 2018-01-01), p. 215145931879526-
    Abstract: Hip fractures are common in elderly patients. However, this population frequently presents with significant medical comorbidities requiring extensive medical optimization. Methods: This study sought to elucidate optimal time to surgery and evaluate its effect on postoperative morbidity, mortality, and length of stay (LOS). We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from 2008 to 2010 on 841 patients who underwent hip fracture surgery. Patients were classified based on time to surgery and were also classified and analyzed according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical classification system. Results: Patients with a delay of greater than 48 hours had a significant increase in overall LOS, postoperative days, and overall postoperative complications. Patients classified as ASA 4 had an odds ratio for postoperative morbidity of 3.32 compared to the ASA 1 and 2 group ( P = .0002) and 2.26 compared to the ASA 3 group ( P = .0005). Delaying surgery 〉 48 hours was also associated with increased in-hospital mortality compared to 24 to 48 hours ( P = .0197). Increasing ASA classification was also associated with significantly increased mortality. Patients classified as ASA 4 had 5.52 times the odds of ASA 1 and 2 ( P = .0281) of in-hospital mortality. Those classified ASA 4 had 2.97 times the odds of ASA 3 ( P = .0198) of an in-house mortality. Anesthetic technique (spinal vs general) and age were not confounding variables with respect to mortality or morbidity. Discussion: Surgical timing and ASA classification were evaluated with regard to LOS, number postoperative days, morbidity, and mortality. Conclusions: Delaying surgery 〉 48 hours, especially in those with increased ASA classification, is associated with an increase in overall LOS, postoperative days, morbidity, and mortality. However, rushing patients to surgery may not be beneficial and 24 to 48 hours of preoperative optimization may be advantageous.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-4593 , 2151-4593
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/2151459318795260
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2589094-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Numerical Investigation of Blast Loading and Clearing on Small Targets
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Protective Structures Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2014-09), p. 253-274
    Details
    In: International Journal of Protective Structures, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2014-09), p. 253-274
    Abstract: When a blast wave strikes a finite target, diffraction of the blast wave around the free edge causes a rarefaction clearing wave to propagate along the loaded face and relieve the pressure acting at any point it passes over. For small targets, the time taken for this clearing wave to traverse the loaded face will be small in relation to the duration of loading. Previous studies have not shown what happens in the late-time stages of clearing relief, nor the mechanism by which the cleared reflected pressure decays to approach the incident pressure. Current design guidance assumes a series of interacting clearing waves propagate over the target face – this assumption is tested in this article by using numerical analysis to evaluate the blast pressure acting on small targets subjected to blast loads. It is shown that repeat propagations of the rarefaction waves do not occur and new model is proposed, based on an over-expanded region of air in front of the loaded face of the target.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-4196 , 2041-420X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1260/2041-4196.5.3.253
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2548257-9
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