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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Participant satisfaction with clinical trial experience and post-trial transitioning to HIV care in Kenya
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 12-19
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 12-19
    Abstract: We conducted an exploratory analysis of former HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 (HPTN 052) clinical trial participants in 2016 to assess their (1) satisfaction with the HPTN 052 clinical trial care and treatment, and reasons for joining the trial; and (2) perspectives about the post-trial transition to public HIV care centers. Quantitative data showed that, of the 70 survey participants, 94.3% (n = 66) reported being very satisfied with the care and treatment they received while participating in the clinical trial and 51.4% (n = 36) reported they joined the study because they would receive information to improve their own or their partner’s health. Qualitative data (five in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions) analysis revealed the following themes: transition experiences; perceived superior clinical trial care; study benefits not offered at public HIV care centers; and the public HIV care centers’ indifference to the uninfected partner. For some HPTN 052 participants, transition to HIV care clinics was disappointing. Clinical trial investigators and local Institutional Review Boards should consider the need for safeguards and oversight of post-trial health care for trial participants after the trial ends, especially in resource-constrained settings, to avoid negative health outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0956462418791946
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Medical pluralism and rationalities for HIV care utilization among discordant couples in Siaya County, rural western Kenya
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 30, No. 9 ( 2019-08), p. 868-874
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 9 ( 2019-08), p. 868-874
    Abstract: Understanding healthcare seeking and utilization of members of discordant couples can help in implementing effective HIV treatment, care, and support. We conducted a qualitative study comprised of in-depth interviews (n = 26) and ten focus group discussions (n = 73) with community members including opinion leaders, healthcare workers, and members of discordant couples. A portion of the latter group had been participants in the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 study. Themes that emerged from the data were pragmatism and the realities of hospital care, quest for a cure through traditional medicine, and religious dogma. Medical pluralism is practiced by members of discordant couples seeking HIV care through intersections of hospital facility services and traditional and religious therapeutic options. It would be prudent for healthcare policy makers and conventional medical providers to recognize the importance of traditional medicine and religion in the lives of members of HIV discordant couples and make efforts to integrate the positive concepts of both into the couples’ overall health plan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0956462419843691
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A smartphone game to prevent HIV among young Kenyans: Household dynamics of gameplay in a feasibility study
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Health Education Journal Vol. 78, No. 5 ( 2019-08), p. 595-606
    Details
    In: Health Education Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 78, No. 5 ( 2019-08), p. 595-606
    Abstract: mHealth interventions often favour individual-level effects. This is particularly problematic in contexts where social support and shifts in social norms are critical to sustained behaviour change. Mobile digital games represent a promising health education strategy for youth, including in low-resource settings. We sought to better understand the interpersonal and social interactions that can be elicited by digital games for health. Design: We piloted Tumaini, a smartphone game rooted in interactive narrative designed to prevent HIV among young Africans (aged 11–14), in a randomised controlled feasibility study and analysed reports of the household dynamics surrounding gameplay. Following a 16-day intervention period, phone gameplay log files were downloaded, and intervention arm participants ( n = 30) completed a gameplay experience survey; eight focus group discussions were held, four with intervention arm participants ( n = 27) and four with their parents ( n = 22). Setting: This study took place in Kisumu, Kenya, in Spring 2017. Method: Descriptive statistics were computed from survey responses and log files. Focus group transcripts were labelled, analysed thematically and compared demographically using MAXQDA software. Results: Data from log files, surveys and focus groups indicate that the game generated considerable interaction and dialogue with parents, siblings and friends and served as a catalyst for children to act as advocates for healthful decisions about sex, both within the family and beyond. The game showed a high level of acceptability with parents. Conclusion: Serious digital games using a smartphone platform can generate considerable household interaction. Games can model and facilitate these exchanges, maximising multi-level effects. An additional app for parents could reinforce these effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0017-8969 , 1748-8176
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0017896919832344
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233563-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among women screened for a contraceptive intravaginal ring study, Kisumu, Kenya, 2014
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 29, No. 14 ( 2018-12), p. 1390-1399
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 29, No. 14 ( 2018-12), p. 1390-1399
    Abstract: We assessed prevalence and correlates of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), gonorrhoea (GC), syphilis (SYP), Chlamydia (CT) and HIV among Kenyan women aged 18–34 years who were screened for a contraceptive intravaginal ring study. Women provided demographic, behavioural and medical information, and underwent medical evaluation, including a pelvic exam. We computed crude and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using log-binomial regression. Of 463 women screened, 457 provided laboratory specimens and were included in the analysis. The median age was 25 years, interquartile range (21–28), and 68.5% had completed primary or lower education. Overall, 72.2% tested positive for any STI or BV. Point prevalence was 55.6, 38.5, 3.9, 2.0, 4.6, and 14.7% for HSV-2, BV, GC, SYP, CT, and HIV, respectively. Co-infection with HSV-2, BV, and HIV occurred in 28 (6.1%) participants. Having ≥1 STI/BV was associated with younger age at first sex (≤13 versus 17–19 years, aPR=1.27, 95% CI 1.07–1.51), history of exchange sex (aPR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.07–3.92), sexual intercourse in the past seven days (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.36), and older age (30–34 versus 18–24 years, aPR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.06–1.48). STI/BV diagnosis was less likely for women reporting one lifetime sexual partner compared to women with ≥4 lifetime sexual partners (aPR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.54–0.92). Combination prevention approaches (biomedical, behavioural, social, and structural) tailored to women with diverse risk profiles may help mitigate STI/BV prevalence in this setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0956462418782810
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sexually transmitted infections among HIV serodiscordant partners: A secondary analysis of HIV Prevention Trial Network 052
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 32, No. 13 ( 2021-11), p. 1204-1211
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 13 ( 2021-11), p. 1204-1211
    Abstract: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a public health concern because of their interaction(s) with HIV. In the HPTN 052 study, STIs were evaluated in both HIV-positive index cases and their HIV-negative partners at enrollment and at yearly follow-up visits. Our definition for STI was based on any infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, or Trichomonas vaginalis. We used log-binomial regression models to identify factors associated with prevalent STIs. Generalized estimating equation models with the Poisson distribution were used to compare STI incidence between HIV-positive index cases and HIV-negative partners. 8.1% of the participants had STIs at enrollment. The prevalence of STIs (8.9 vs. 7.2) was higher in HIV-positive index cases than HIV-negative partners. Being female (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.20–2.16) or unmarried (PR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.17–3.14) was associated with prevalent STIs. Compared to HIV-negative male partners, HIV-positive female index cases had a higher risk of STI acquisition (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.70–2.97). While we are implementing HIV prevention interventions for HIV-negative people, we should also intensify targeted STI prevention interventions, especially among HIV-positive women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/09564624211030368
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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