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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EEG Changes following Scopolamine Administration in Healthy Subjects
    S. Karger AG ; 1999
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1999), p. 219-226
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1999), p. 219-226
    Abstract: This study examined the effects of the anticholinergic drug, scopolamine (0.25 mg) in 16 right-handed healthy volunteers. EEGs were recorded before and 60 min after intramuscular administration, and spectral analysis was performed on EEGs recorded at rest and during photic stimulation. Each subject was also evaluated by the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS; form 1 or 2) before and 90 min after drug administration. In the resting EEG, the scopolamine administration resulted in a significant increase in the absolute power on the delta band (2.0– 3.8 Hz) and in the relative power on the delta and theta-1 bands (4.0–5.8 Hz) mainly over the central and parieto-occipital regions. In contrast, scopolamine significantly decreased the relative alpha-2 band (9.2–12.8 Hz) power mainly over the frontal regions and the absolute alpha-2 band power at most of the recording sites. The analysis of stimulus data showed that scopolamine significantly decreased fundamental photic driving responses elicited by photic stimulation at 15 Hz, with significant effects confined to the occipital regions. These EEG changes occurred in association with a significant reduction in total WMS scores as well as in scores of logical and visual memory subtests. These findings suggest that, in addition to cognitive impairments, central cholinergic dysfunction can cause EEG changes under both nonstimulus and stimulus conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000026588
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aberrant Functional Organization in Schizophrenia: Analysis of EEG Coherence during Rest and Photic Stimulation in Drug-Naive Patients
    S. Karger AG ; 1998
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 1998), p. 63-69
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 1998), p. 63-69
    Abstract: EEG coherence provides a measure of functional correlations between two EEG signals. The present study was conducted to examine intrahemispheric EEG coherence at rest and during photic stimulation (PS) in 18 drug-naive patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 30 control subjects. Compared with the controls, the schizophrenic patients had significantly higher intrahemispheric coherence of the resting EEG for the delta band, although no significant group differences were found for other frequency bands. EEG analysis during PS showed that the patients also had significantly higher EEG coherence over the left posterior regions. In this study, we also examined the changes in intrahemispheric coherence from rest to the stimulus condition (i.e., PS-related coherence reactivity); the patients were found to show significantly smaller changes, with significant group differences being also confined to the posterior regions in the left hemisphere. These findings provide evidence that schizophrenic patients have abnormal EEG coherence in both resting and stimulus conditions and suggest more diffuse, undifferentiated functional organization within hemispheres. In addition, diminished coherence reactivity suggests a failure of PS-related functional reorganization in schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000026518
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Correlation between Respiratory Function and Airway Inflammation in Asthma
    S. Karger AG ; 1999
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 120, No. Suppl. 1 ( 1999), p. 82-85
    Details
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 120, No. Suppl. 1 ( 1999), p. 82-85
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Eosinophilic airway inflammation is thought to be associated with airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 Spirometry, peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurement, histamine challenge test, and sputum induction with hypertonic saline inhalation were performed in 70 asymptomatic patients with asthma who were treated with bronchodilators or an inhaled corticosteroid (beclomethasone dipropionate, 400–800 µg/day) or both for more than 2 months. The relationships between the sputum eosinophils, respiratory function, and airway responsiveness to histamine were investigated. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Induced sputum was obtained from 53 patients. Although significant correlations between sputum eosinophils and forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity × 100% (FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 %) or maximum expiratory flow at 25% of the forced vital capacity ( & #118; & #775; 〈 sub 〉 25 〈 /sub 〉 ) divided by height ( & #118; & #775; 〈 sub 〉 25 〈 /sub 〉 /Ht) were observed, no significant correlations were found between sputum eosinophils and percent predicted PEF (%PEF) or airway responsiveness to histamine. Furthermore, airway responsiveness to histamine was not correlated with FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 %, & #118; & #775; 〈 sub 〉 25 〈 /sub 〉 /Ht or %PEF. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 Single-point measurements of FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 % and & #118; & #775; 〈 sub 〉 25 〈 /sub 〉 /Ht but not PEF or airway responsiveness to histamine correlate with the degree of airway inflammation evaluated indirectly with induced sputum.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000053601
    RVK:
    XA 49650
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Individual Analysis of EEG Band Power and Clinical Drug Response in Schizophrenia
    S. Karger AG ; 2005
    In:  Neuropsychobiology Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2005), p. 183-190
    Details
    In: Neuropsychobiology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2005), p. 183-190
    Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between short-term clinical outcome and changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) power after drug treatment in patients with schizophrenia, and also to compare two different methods for quantitative EEG analysis. EEG power analysis was performed by both conventional fixed frequency band and adjusted frequency band based on individual alpha frequency (IAF) in 16 drug-naive patients before and after drug administration. In the theta bands determined by both conventional fixed band and IAF methods, the EEG power after treatment was larger than that before treatment. In addition, there was a correlation between EEG power and clinical drug response evaluated by changes in BPRS score. With regard to this correlation, IAF methods showed no apparent advantage over methods using conventional fixed frequency bands. Conventional quantitative EEG analysis can still serve as a useful tool for the assessment of short-term outcome of drug treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0302-282X , 1423-0224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000085593
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483094-2
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Self-Completion Method of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Using Endosaber without Any Other Device or Assistance: An ex vivo Porcine Model Study
    S. Karger AG ; 2021
    In:  Digestion Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2021), p. 139-146
    Details
    In: Digestion, S. Karger AG, Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2021), p. 139-146
    Abstract: Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a standard treatment for tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. We developed a self-completion method of ESD using Endosaber to eliminate the need for an additional device or human assistance during the procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and outcomes of this method in an ex vivo porcine training model. Methods: This was a pilot study, and the procedures were performed by 4 experts. Mock lesions measuring 15 mm in diameter were prepared at the posterior wall in the middle or lower esophagus obtained from domestic pigs. Each operator performed ESD on the mock lesions in 3 models. The primary outcome was ESD completion rate using the self-completion method. The secondary outcomes were procedure time, en bloc resection rate, perforation rate, and number of injections during the procedure. Results: All 12 ESDs were completed using the self-completion method. The median procedure time (interquartile range) was 483.5 (399–619.3) s (median incision time: 240.4 [168.3–332.5] s; median dissection time: 222 [182.8–257] s). En bloc resection rate was 100%. No perforation was noted during any of the procedures. The median number of injections was 10.5 (9–14.3). The procedure time decreased significantly with increase in experience (p = 0.020). Conclusions: The self-completion ESD method using one Endosaber without any assistance achieved a 100% en bloc resection rate without any perforation. The need for an additional device or assistance was successfully eliminated. This method may prove to be a simple and cost-effective ESD procedure for lesions in humans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-2823 , 1421-9867
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000502771
    RVK:
    XA 40650
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482218-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Factors Related to Institutionalization among the Frail Elderly with Home-Visiting Nursing Service in Japan
    S. Karger AG ; 2006
    In:  Gerontology Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 66-68
    Details
    In: Gerontology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 66-68
    Abstract: A dramatic increase in the number of elderly people in Japan has led to a concurrent increase in the number of frail elderly in need of care. It is estimated that the number of frail elderly will reach 3.9 million by the year 2010. Family members are often both physically and mentally burdened with caring for the frail elderly. The present study was conducted to identify the risk factors for institutionalization among the frail elderly receiving in-home care in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 1423-0003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000089828
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482689-6
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