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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social Support and Functional Decline in the Oldest Old
    S. Karger AG ; 2022
    In:  Gerontology Vol. 68, No. 2 ( 2022), p. 200-208
    Details
    In: Gerontology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 68, No. 2 ( 2022), p. 200-208
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Longitudinal studies investigating the link between social support and functional decline are limited among the oldest old. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether changes in social support are associated with functional decline among the oldest old longitudinally using panel regression models. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Longitudinal data from 3 waves (waves 7, 8, and 9) of a multicenter prospective cohort study covering primary care patients aged ≥85 years were used. In the analytical sample, 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 equaled 624 individuals. The validated Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale and the well-established Barthel Index (ADL) were used to quantify functional status. The psychometrically sound Lubben Social Network Scale was used to measure social support. Several potential confounders such as age, marital status, cognitive decline, or depressive symptoms were included in the fixed effects (FE) regression models. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Linear FE regressions showed that a decrease in social support is associated with functional decline (IADL: β = 0.03, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.05; ADL: β = 0.27, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.05) in men but not in women. With IADL as outcome measure, the interaction term (sex × social support) achieved statistical significance ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.01). With regard to covariates, functional decline (IADL and ADL) was consistently associated with increasing age, an increase in the number of chronic conditions (except for women [ADL]), and cognitive decline (except for men [ADL] ). Furthermore, functional decline (ADL) was associated with an increase in depressive symptoms. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Discussion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Our findings highlight the meaning of social support for functional status among the oldest old. Finding ways to sustain social support in highest age may be a promising approach in order to postpone functional decline.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 1423-0003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000516077
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482689-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Factors Leading to Institutionalization among the Oldest Old: Longitudinal Findings from the AgeCoDe-AgeQualiDe Study
    S. Karger AG ; 2022
    In:  Gerontology Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2022), p. 894-902
    Details
    In: Gerontology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2022), p. 894-902
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Due to the strong association between old age and the need for long-term care, the number of individuals in need for care is projected to increase noticeably. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of institutionalization among the 〈 i 〉 oldest old 〈 /i 〉 longitudinally. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Longitudinal data (follow-up [FU] wave 7–9) were gathered from a multicenter prospective cohort study (“Study on needs, health service use, costs and health-related quality of life in a large sample of oldest old primary care patients [85+] ,” AgeQualiDe). At FU wave 7, in 2014, complete measures were available for 763 individuals. The average age was 88.9 (standard deviation 2.9) years (range 85–100), and 68% were female. Sociodemographic and health-related independent variables (e.g., depressive symptoms or functioning) were included in the regression model. Institutionalization (admission to assisted living home or nursing home) was used as an outcome measure. Logistic random-effects models were used. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Regressions revealed that among oldest old, the odds of being institutionalized were lower for men (odds ratio [OR] = 0.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.00–0.16). Institutionalization was associated with an increased age (OR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.04–1.55). Additionally, widowed individuals (ref. non-widowed) had higher odds of being institutionalized (OR = 8.95; 95% CI 1.61–49.81). Institutionalization was also associated with functional decline (OR = 0.16; 95% CI 0.11–0.23), whereas it was not significantly associated with cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and social support. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Our findings stress the importance of gender, age, widowhood, and functional decline for institutionalization among the oldest old. Preventing or at least postponing functional decline might help to delay institutionalization as far as possible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 1423-0003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000519709
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482689-6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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