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  • 1
    In: Neonatology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 85, No. 3 ( 2004), p. 167-172
    Abstract: A transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) occurs in 10% of the infants with Down syndrome. While most cases resolve within a few months, in 20% of them TMDs are life-threatening or fatal. We encountered 4 patients with TMD, including 1 patient who died of liver failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Suspecting involvement of proinflammatory cytokines, we serially assayed them in patients’ sera. Cytokines were significantly more abundant in patients than in controls. Interleukins 1 and 2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were greatly increased, especially in the infant who died. Sustained cytokinemia is likely to participate in TMD pathophysiology, and very high serum concentrations might predict a poor outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1661-7800 , 1661-7819
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403535-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 122, No. Suppl. 1 ( 2000), p. 33-35
    Abstract: Activation of human eosinophils by specific extracellular stimuli triggers the cellular degranulation response. Because cellular adhesion is critical for this eosinophil degranulation, we have tested the hypothesis that ligation of the β 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 integrin, α 〈 sub 〉 M 〈 /sub 〉 β 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 (Mac-1, CD11b/CD18), leads to intracellular signaling events that contribute to the eosinophil activation response. Recently, we found that engagement of β 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 integrin using two different approaches, such as cell adhesion induced by IL-5 or direct ligation of α 〈 sub 〉 M 〈 /sub 〉 β 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 , triggered tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl, the product of the c- 〈 i 〉 cbl 〈 /i 〉 proto-oncogene, paxillin, a cytoskeletal protein, an unidentified 115-kD protein, and subsequent cellular degranulation. The results of this study indicate that engagement of α 〈 sub 〉 M 〈 /sub 〉 β 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 on eosinophils triggers an intracellular signaling cascade leading to cellular degranulation. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl, paxillin, and a 115-kD protein may play important roles in adhesion-dependent cellular functions of eosinophils.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 1988
    In:  Digestive Surgery Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1988), p. 124-127
    In: Digestive Surgery, S. Karger AG, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1988), p. 124-127
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0253-4886 , 1421-9883
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1988
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468560-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 1979
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 60, No. 4 ( 1979), p. 383-389
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 60, No. 4 ( 1979), p. 383-389
    Abstract: Basophilic leukocytes and mast cells in guinea pig dermis in normal and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) reaction were examined by light and electron microscopy. Basophils were rare in the normal dermis and predominantly revealed in the CBH-reacted skin. Some infiltrating basophils of the reacted displayed an immediate attachment to mast cells. Cytoplasmic continuities were partially seen between them. They were most plentiful at 48 h after phytohemagglutinin injection and decreased in number thereafter. The basophils contained three types of granule. The vast majority of granules were Type I granules, basophil-specific granules. Type II granules were less frequently encountered and resembled a mast cell granule in the fine structure. Type III granules were scant and small-cored vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1979
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 5
    In: Cerebrovascular Diseases, S. Karger AG, Vol. 41, No. 3-4 ( 2016), p. 211-218
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background and Purpose: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Hyperintense vessels (HV) detected on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) indicate cerebral hypoperfusion. However, the clinical meaning of changes in HV is yet to be clarified. Here, we investigated serial changes to HV in patients with AIS who received tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) therapy. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We studied t-PA patients presenting with HV on FLAIR in the middle cerebral artery territory. Patients underwent brain MRI 1 h before and after t-PA infusion. HV scores (range 1-7) were evaluated according to Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score territories, and then by subtracting HV scores at 1 h after t-PA infusion from those on admission, with a result of 〉 1 defined as decrease in HV score (DHV). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of DHV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify variables independently associated with good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days after stroke onset of 0-1). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A total of 118 consecutive patients were enrolled (73 men; mean age 76 ± 9.7; median initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 13; median initial HV score 5), of whom 52 (44%) had DHV. Patients with DHV showed a significantly lower NIHSS time course (p 〈 0.001) and significantly smaller infarct volume time course (p 〈 0.001) compared to those without DHV. Multivariate analysis showed that DHV was independently associated with good outcome (OR 3.89; 95% CI 1.55-9.77; p 〈 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of DHV for good outcome were 70 and 68%, respectively. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A DHV on FLAIR predicts good outcome in patients receiving t-PA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-9770 , 1421-9786
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482069-9
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  • 6
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 131, No. Suppl. 1 ( 2003), p. 15-19
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent stimulator of eosinophils. Recently, treatment with a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor which generally inhibits PKC isoforms has been shown to modulate several eosinophil functions in distinct manners, in that PKC inhibition enhanced CD11b expression and cellular adhesion, but inhibited superoxide generation and degranulation in PAF-stimulated human eosinophils. These results suggested that distinct PKC isoforms were likely to be involved in each eosinophil function induced by PAF. We have therefore investigated whether or not the PKC isoforms involved in PAF-induced CD11b expression and superoxide generation were different. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 Human eosinophils prepared from healthy volunteers were treated with PKC inhibitors, bis-indolylmaleimide I (BisI; a general PKC inhibitor), myristoylated PKC inhibitor peptide (myr-ψPKC; a PKCα, β and δ inhibitor) and rottlerin (a PKCδ inhibitor), followed by stimulation with PAF. CD11b expression was determined using flow cytometry and superoxide generation was evaluated using a cytochrome c reduction assay. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 BisI treatment led to enhancement of PAF-induced CD11b expression, while myr-ψPKC and rottlerin did not. In contrast, PAF-induced superoxide generation was inhibited by treatment with BisI, myr-ψPKC and rottlerin. 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 PKCα, β and δ are not involved in PAF-induced CD11b expression, but PKCδ is involved in the PAF-induced activation of superoxide anion generation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 2006
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 140, No. 3 ( 2006), p. 215-222
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 140, No. 3 ( 2006), p. 215-222
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Histamine plays an important role in immediate and late immune responses. The histamine type 1 (H1) receptor is expressed on several immune cell populations, but its role in a murine model of asthma remains unclear. The present study evaluated the role of histamine H1 receptors in airway allergic inflammation by comparing the development of bronchial asthma in histamine H1 receptor gene knockout (H1RKO) and wild-type mice. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 H1RKO and wild-type mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) or saline, and then challenged with aerosolized OVA or saline. Ventilatory timing in response to inhaled methacholine was measured, and samples of blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissues were taken 24 h after the last OVA challenge. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 OVA-treatedwild-type mice showed significantly increased airway eosinophilic infiltration, and airway response to methacholine compared to OVA-treated H1RKO mice. The serum level of immunoglobulin E and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, and TGF-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were lower in OVA-treated H1RKO mice than in OVA-treated wild-type mice, but there was no significant difference in interferon-γ expression. Overall, deletion of histamine H1 receptors reduced allergic responses in a murine model of bronchial asthma. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 Histamine plays an important role via H1 receptors in the development of T helper type 2 responses to enhance airway inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 1988
    In:  Digestive Surgery Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1988), p. 142-147
    In: Digestive Surgery, S. Karger AG, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1988), p. 142-147
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0253-4886 , 1421-9883
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1988
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468560-7
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  • 9
    In: Cerebrovascular Diseases, S. Karger AG, Vol. 46, No. 3-4 ( 2018), p. 116-122
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Previous studies have revealed that hematoma growth mainly occurs during the first 6 h after the onset of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Early lowering of blood pressure (BP) may be beneficial for preventing hematoma growth. However, relationships between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth in ICH remain unclear. We investigated associations between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth for ICH. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement (SAMURAI)-ICH Study was a multicenter, prospective, observational study investigating the safety and feasibility of early (within 3 h from onset) reduction of systolic BP (SBP) to & #x3c; 160 mm Hg with intravenous nicardipine for acute hypertension in cases of spontaneous ICH. The present study was a post hoc analysis of the SAMURAI-ICH study. We examined relationships between time from onset, imaging, and initiation of treatment to target SBP achievement and hematoma growth (absolute growth ≥6 mL) in ICH patients. Target SBP achievement was defined as the time at which SBP first became & #x3c; 160 mm Hg. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Among 211 patients, hematoma growth was seen in 31 patients (14.7%). The time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP were significantly shorter in patients without hematoma growth than in those with ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.043 and 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.032 respectively), whereas no significant difference was seen in time from onset to SBP & #x3c; 160 mm Hg between groups ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.177). Patients in the lower quartiles of time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP showed lower incidences of hematoma growth ( 〈 i 〉 p  〈 /i 〉 trend = 0.023 and 0.037 respectively). The lowest quartile of time from imaging to target SBP ( & #x3c; 38 min) was negatively associated with hematoma growth on multivariable logistic regression (OR 0.182; 95% CI 0.038–0.867; 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.032). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Early achievement of target SBP & #x3c; 160 mm Hg is associated with a lower risk of hematoma growth in ICH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-9770 , 1421-9786
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482069-9
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  • 10
    In: Neonatology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 2001), p. 34-38
    Abstract: We measured the levels of type IV collagen and lipid peroxides in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) to determine the relationship to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We analyzed their levels between two groups, RDS infants who developed BPD (n = 8, BPD group) and those who did not (n = 11, RDS group). The levels of the type IV collagen in the BPD group were significantly higher than those in the RDS group at 3 and 7 days of age (p = 0.0024). In the BPD group, persistently increased levels of the type IV collagen were observed during the period up to 14 days of age. There was a positive relationship between the type IV collagen levels and polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in BALF. These results suggest that the increased type IV collagen levels in BALF of BPD infants may reflect pulmonary basement membrane damage and the involvement of oxygen metabolites in its process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1661-7800 , 1661-7819
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403535-X
    SSG: 12
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