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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cytodifferentiation of the Interstitial Cells of Cajal of Mouse Colonic Circular Muscle Layer
    S. Karger AG ; 1987
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 128, No. 2 ( 1987), p. 98-109
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 128, No. 2 ( 1987), p. 98-109
    Abstract: Cytodifferentiation of the interstitial cells of Cajal related to the plexus entericus extremus and located on the inner face of the circular muscle layer of the mouse colon was studied in fetuses at term, unfed neonates, suckling and weaning young animals. In fetuses at term, the interstitial cells of Cajal are not found and their precursor cells are not identifiable among the cells present in the submucosal area facing the circular muscle layer, i.e., undifferentiated cells (mainly close to nerve fibers) and fibroblast-like cells (contacting each other and the developing smooth-muscle cells). Cells putatively considered as precursors of interstitial cells of Cajal, fibroblast-like cells rich in mitochondria, are present in unfed neonates (in small numbers) and in suckling animals (in large numbers). Differentiating interstitial cells of Cajal are undoubtedly recognizable during the second week of postnatal life (suckling period). Some of them have mixed fibroblastic- and interstitial-cell features and some have many interstitial-cell features. Both these cell types are already in contact with each other and differentiating and differentiated smooth-muscle cells. The undifferentiated cells, still present in unfed neonates, envelop the nerve fibers and differentiate as Schwann cells during the suckling period. During this period, as the nerve endings of the plexus entericus extremus develop, they immediately contact the differentiating interstitial cells of Cajal. During the weaning period, these cells are quite well differentiated although they do not have the same morphology as in adult animals before 30 days of age. Concomitantly, the nerve endings of the plexus entericus extremus contain an increasing number of synaptic vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000146325
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Telocytes in Human Term Placenta: Morphology and Phenotype
    S. Karger AG ; 2010
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 192, No. 5 ( 2010), p. 325-339
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 192, No. 5 ( 2010), p. 325-339
    Abstract: In the last few years, a new cell type – interstitial Cajal-like cell (ICLC) – has been described in digestive and extra-digestive organs. The name has recently been changed to telocytes (TC) and their typical thin, long processes have been named telopodes (TP). To support the hypothesis that TC may also be present in human placenta and add to the information already available, we provide evidence on the ultrastructure, immunophenotype, distribution, and interactions with the surrounding stromal cells of TC in the villous core of human term placenta. We used phase-contrast microscopy, light microscopy of semithin sections, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence of tissue sections or cell cultures, following a pre-established diagnostic algorithm. Transmission electron microscopy showed cells resembling TC, most (∼76%) having 2–3 very thin, longprocesses (tens to hundreds of micrometers), with an uneven calibre(≤0.5 µm thick) and typical branching pattern 〈 i 〉 . 〈 /i 〉 The dilations of processes accommodate caveolae, endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, and mitochondria. These TC have close contacts with perivascular SMC in stem villi. In situ, similar cells are positive for c-kit, CD34, vimentin, caveolin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synathase (iNOS). The c-kit-positive cells inconsistently co-express CD34, CD44, αSMA, S100, neuron-specific enolase, and nestin. Among cells with a morphologic TC profile in cell cultures 〈 i 〉 , 〈 /i 〉 about 13% co-express c-kit, vimentin, and caveolin-1; 70% of the c-kit-positive cells co-express CD34 and 12% co-express iNOS or VEGF. In conclusion, this study confirms the presence of TC in human term placenta and provides their ultrastructural and immunophenotypic characterization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000319467
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrastructural Peculiarities of the Inner Portion of the Circular Layer of Colon. I.
    S. Karger AG ; 1984
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 1984), p. 185-189
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 1984), p. 185-189
    Abstract: The inner part of the circular layer of the human colon is made up of a special muscle layer, three to eight rows thick. Wide areas of connective tissue are found inside this inner circular layer and between it and the outer part of the circular layer. The muscle cells of this innermost layer have several special features: numerous glycogen particles and caveolae, well-developed sarcoplasmic reticulum, and wide contact areas with each other. At the border zone with the tela submucosa, there is a fibrous lamella rich in collagen and elastic fibers, lined by an incomplete layer of circularly orientated fibroblast-like cells. A nerve plexus, rich in varicosities, is located between the two circular layers, and nerve fibers are sparsely located inside the fibrous lamella. Interstitial cells of Cajal were not recognized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000145918
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrastructural Peculiarities of the Inner Portion of the Circular Layer of the Colon. II.
    S. Karger AG ; 1985
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 122, No. 3 ( 1985), p. 187-192
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 122, No. 3 ( 1985), p. 187-192
    Abstract: A layer of muscle cells consisting of 1–3 rows is present on the inner part of the circular layer of mouse colon. These muscle cells are thinner, with a denser cytoplasm and more caveolae than those of the main portion of the circular layer. A connective interstice divides the two parts of the circular layer and is occupied by a nerve plexus rich in varicosities. Groups of cells, identified as interstitial cells of Cajal, and a nerve plexus rich in varicosities are located on the border between the innermost circular layer and the tela submucosa. The interstitial cells have many cytological features in common with muscle cells (caveolae, basal lamina, thin filaments, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, glycogen particles) and touch each other and the nerve endings frequently and the muscle cells of the innermost layer rarely.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000146000
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1985
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparative Study of Interstitial Cells of Cajal
    S. Karger AG ; 1987
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 130, No. 2 ( 1987), p. 109-126
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 130, No. 2 ( 1987), p. 109-126
    Abstract: The cells present in the alimentary canal, contacting both nerve endings and smooth muscle cells and named interstitial cells of Cajal, show different ultrastructural features. A comparative study has been performed in order to see if these differences can be related to the animal species studied or to the interstitial cell localizations inside the muscle wall of the various levels of the alimentary canal or to their contacts with other cells. Only mammals were considered, and rat, mouse, hedgehog and man have been studied. All the localizations where interstitial cells of Cajal have usually been found were considered: esophagus (body and lower sphincter), stomach (gastric extent of the lower esophageal sphincter, fundus and corpus) small intestine and colon. From this comparison a correlation was found between the morphology and the location of interstitial cells. On the contrary, the morphological differences existing between animal species do not seem to be that consistent. Moreover, the number of contacts between interstitial cells and between these and smooth muscle cells and nerve endings varies according to the interstitial cell location and morphology. It is concluded that the chain nerve endings → interstitial cells of Cajal → smooth muscle cells is not morphologically identical at each gastrointestinal level, and this finding is considered very important in interpreting the role played by the interstitial cells of Cajal in gastrointestinal motility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000146433
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Some Ultrastructural Features of the Muscular Coat of Human Small Intestine
    S. Karger AG ; 1983
    In:  Cells Tissues Organs Vol. 115, No. 1 ( 1983), p. 47-68
    Details
    In: Cells Tissues Organs, S. Karger AG, Vol. 115, No. 1 ( 1983), p. 47-68
    Abstract: The muscular coat of human small intestine is constituted by a ‘special’ layer, by the main component of the circular layer, by the region between the circular and the longitudinal layers and by the longitudinal layer. The ‘special’ layer is made up of the innermost 4–6 rows of muscle cells of the circular layer and is separated from the main component of the circular layer by a space in which an abundant connective tissue and numerous nerve fibers rich in nerve endings are located. Cells identified as interstitial cells of Cajal are located inside the ‘special’ layer, the space between it and the main component of the circular layer and in the region between the circular and the longitudinal layers. In this region small bundles of obliquely orientated muscle cells, apparently bridging the circular to the longitudinal layer, are found.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-6405 , 1422-6421
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000145676
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1983
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481840-1
    SSG: 12
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