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  • 1
    In: Cerebrovascular Diseases, S. Karger AG, Vol. 40, No. 5-6 ( 2015), p. 258-269
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 CT angiography (CTA) and CT perfusion (CTP) are important diagnostic tools in acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the prognostic value of CTA and CTP for clinical outcome and determined whether they have additional prognostic value over patient characteristics and non-contrast CT (NCCT). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We included 1,374 patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke in the prospective multicenter Dutch acute stroke study. Sixty percent of the cohort was used for deriving the predictors and the remaining 40% for validating them. We calculated the predictive values of CTA and CTP predictors for poor clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 3-6). Associations between CTA and CTP predictors and poor clinical outcome were assessed with odds ratios (OR). Multivariable logistic regression models were developed based on patient characteristics and NCCT predictors, and subsequently CTA and CTP predictors were added. The increase in area under the curve (AUC) value was determined to assess the additional prognostic value of CTA and CTP. Model validation was performed by assessing discrimination and calibration. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Poor outcome occurred in 501 patients (36.5%). Each of the evaluated CTA measures strongly predicted outcome in univariable analyses: the positive predictive value (PPV) was 59% for Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≤7 on CTA source images (OR 3.3; 95% CI 2.3-4.8), 63% for presence of a proximal intracranial occlusion (OR 5.1; 95% CI 3.7-7.1), 66% for poor leptomeningeal collaterals (OR 4.3; 95% CI 2.8-6.6), and 58% for a 〉 70% carotid or vertebrobasilar stenosis/occlusion (OR 3.2; 95% CI 2.2-4.6). The same applied to the CTP measures, as the PPVs were 65% for ASPECTS ≤7 on cerebral blood volume maps (OR 5.1; 95% CI 3.7-7.2) and 53% for ASPECTS ≤7 on mean transit time maps (OR 3.9; 95% CI 2.9-5.3). The prognostic model based on patient characteristics and NCCT measures was highly predictive for poor clinical outcome (AUC 0.84; 95% CI 0.81-0.86). Adding CTA and CTP predictors to this model did not improve the predictive value (AUC 0.85; 95% CI 0.83-0.88). In the validation cohort, the AUC values were 0.78 (95% CI 0.73-0.82) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.75-0.83), respectively. Calibration of the models was satisfactory. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke, admission CTA and CTP parameters are strong predictors of poor outcome and can be used to predict long-term clinical outcome. In multivariable prediction models, however, their additional prognostic value over patient characteristics and NCCT is limited in an unselected stroke population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-9770 , 1421-9786
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482069-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 2015
    In:  Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Vol. 84, No. 6 ( 2015), p. 368-376
    In: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, S. Karger AG, Vol. 84, No. 6 ( 2015), p. 368-376
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Meta-analyses have been inconclusive about the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapies (CBTs) delivered in groups of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) due to a lack of adequate studies. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We conducted a pragmatic randomised controlled trial with 204 adult CFS patients from our routine clinical practice who were willing to receive group therapy. Patients were equally allocated to therapy groups of 8 patients and 2 therapists, 4 patients and 1 therapist or a waiting list control condition. Primary analysis was based on the intention-to-treat principle and compared the intervention group (n = 136) with the waiting list condition (n = 68). The study was open label. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Thirty-four (17%) patients were lost to follow-up during the course of the trial. Missing data were imputed using mean proportions of improvement based on the outcome scores of similar patients with a second assessment. Large and significant improvement in favour of the intervention group was found on fatigue severity (effect size = 1.1) and overall impairment (effect size = 0.9) at the second assessment. Physical functioning and psychological distress improved moderately (effect size = 0.5). Treatment effects remained significant in sensitivity and per-protocol analyses. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effects of the intervention also remained significant when both group sizes (i.e. 4 and 8 patients) were compared separately with the waiting list condition. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 CBT can be effectively delivered in groups of CFS patients. Group size does not seem to affect the general efficacy of the intervention which is of importance for settings in which large treatment groups are not feasible due to limited referral.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-3190 , 1423-0348
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472321-9
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 1982
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 68, No. 3 ( 1982), p. 209-213
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 68, No. 3 ( 1982), p. 209-213
    Abstract: Passage of mouse EDTA-plasma over an anti-C4-binding protein (anti-C4-bp) affinity column reduced the C4-bp level by an average of 34% and increased the classical C pathway activity as measured with sensitized normal and desialylated sheep erythrocytes, but not versus sensitized rabbit erythrocytes. This suggests that C-regulation by C4-bp is independent of membrane sialic acid and provides evidence for the presence of a hitherto unknown preferential site for mouse C4-bp on sheep erythrocytes. The absence of both this site and sialic acid on their membranes makes sensitized rabbit erythrocytes useful target cells for assay of mouse classical C pathway activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1982
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 4
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 102, No. 3 ( 2023), p. 203-206
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The COVID-19 pandemic has a great impact on numberless aspects of our society. In our bronchoscopic lung volume reduction interventional program, we work with severe COPD patients on a daily basis. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objectives: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We were interested in the prevalence and outcome of COVID-19, impact of the pandemic on daily life, and the vaccination coverage in our severe COPD patients who have been treated with one-way endobronchial valves. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Method: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A questionnaire, which consisted of questions related to the infection rate, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19 infections; feelings of anxiety related to the pandemic; adherence to preventive measures; and willingness to be vaccinated; was sent to our patients in June 2021. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The questionnaire was sent to 215 patients, and the response rate was 100%. The vaccination rate was 97% in our surveyed population. The majority of patients (63%) indicated that they were quite or very anxious to get infected with COVID-19. Twenty-five (11.5%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19, with none of these patients having been vaccinated at the time of infection. The infection rate reported in this study is comparable to that of the general Dutch population. However, the hospital admission rate and mortality rates are higher. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Our results show that the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate in severe COPD patients treated with endobronchial valves was comparable with the general population; however, the hospital admission and mortality rates were worse.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 1985
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 78, No. 2 ( 1985), p. 182-189
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 78, No. 2 ( 1985), p. 182-189
    Abstract: In a recent paper, a linkage between immunological adjuvant activity in mice and in vitro anticomplementary (alternative pathway assay) effects was described for different polyanions. This connection was found only if mouse serum was used as a complement (C) source. In order to investigate the possible role of C in adjuvant activity, the differential effects of polyanions on mouse C were studied in detail. For this study, substances with different activity were selected, namely dextran sulphate with strong C-regulatory and immunoadjuvant activities, and heparin, which was weakly anticomplementary and devoid of adjuvant effect. In general, studies of mouse C are complicated by the inavailability of isolation procedures for the C-components involved. This difficulty was circumvented by making use of C5-deficient serum and of the haemolytic activity of mouse membrane attack complexes formed in the fluid phase. With yeast cells as alternative pathway activators it was shown that the effect of heparin on this pathway was restricted to activation of the terminal route. In contrast, dextran sulphate also caused a functional decay of a yeast-bound alternative pathway C5-convertase and interfered with the haemolytic activity of fluid-phase membrane attack complexes as well. Further studies will be needed to decide whether these specific effects of dextran sulphate are related to the immunological adjuvant activity of the substance in mice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1985
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 2020
    In:  Respiration Vol. 99, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 50-55
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 99, No. 1 ( 2020), p. 50-55
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using the Zephyr® endobronchial valve (EBV) is a guideline treatment for patients with advanced emphysema. To achieve volume reduction, it is crucial that there is absence of collateral ventilation and a complete occlusion of the target lobe. While 3 EBV sizes (4.0; 4.0-LP; and 5.5) are currently available to accommodate all airway sizes, local anatomical variations sometimes warrant a valve with a wide diameter but shorter length. To address this, a new “low profile” 5.5-LP EBV has been introduced. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In this study, we evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this new 5.5-LP EBV. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This was a single-center, prospective, open-label study. Patients were included if eligible for valve treatment with a local anatomy suitable to place at least one 5.5-LP EBV. Feasibility of placement of the 5.5-LP EBV was reported. Safety, CT parameters, pulmonary function tests, and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks after treatment. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We included 30 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 ] 29 ± 10%; [RV] 242 ± 46%; and SGRQ 56 ± 11 points). Besides the regular EBV sizes, a median of 1 (1–3) of the new 5.5-LP EBV was placed. No valve adjustment was needed during the initial procedure. A single asymptomatic small pneumothorax was observed in 1 patient. In 4 patients, a revision bronchoscopy was performed due to absence of clinical benefit. In 1 patient, this was related to a dislocation of the 5.5-LP EBV. Clinically relevant improvements were seen in target lobar volume reduction (–1,554 mL), FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 +39%, RV –960 mL, and SGRQ –18 points. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In this first in human study, the 5.5-LP EBV could be placed into wide segments with a shorter landing length without unexpected complications and with good efficacy outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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  • 7
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 99, No. 2 ( 2020), p. 163-170
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 For selected patients with severe emphysema, bronchoscopic lung volume reduction with endobronchial valves (EBV) is recognized as an additional treatment option. In most trials investigating EBV treatment, patients with a very low diffusing capacity (DLCO) were excluded from participation. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objectives: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Our goal was to investigate whether EBV treatment in patients with emphysema with a very low DLCO is safe and effective. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This was a single-center retrospective analysis including patients with emphysema and a DLCO ≤20%pred who underwent EBV treatment. Follow-up was performed 6 months post-treatment. Outcome parameters were compared to a historical matched control group (DLCO & #x3e;20%pred, matched for sex, age, forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 ], and residual volume [RV] ). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Twenty patients (80% female, 64 ± 6 years, FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 26 ± 6%pred, RV 233 ± 45%pred, DLCO 18 ± 1.6%pred) underwent EBV treatment. At 6 months follow-up, we found a statistically significant improvement in FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 (0.08 ± 0.12 L), RV (–0.45 ± 0.95 L), 6-min walking distance (38 ± 65 m), and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (–12 ± 13 points). With the exception of FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 , all exceeded the minimal clinically important difference. The most common serious adverse event was a pneumothorax requiring intervention (15%). There were no significant differences in outcome compared to the DLCO & #x3e;20%pred control group. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In this single-center retrospective analysis, we showed statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements in lung function, exercise capacity, and quality of life up to 6 months after EBV treatment in emphysema patients with a DLCO ≤20% (14–20%) of predicted with no increased risk of serious adverse events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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  • 8
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 99, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 516-520
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Absence of interlobar collateral ventilation is essential to achieve lobar volume reduction after endobronchial valve (EBV) treatment and can be assessed using the Chartis measurement. However, especially in lower lobe measurements, Chartis can be complicated by the “no-flow phenomenon”, during which a sudden cessation of flow is observed, leading to an unreliable measurement. If this phenomenon occurs in the right lower lobe, when measuring collateral flow over the right major fissure, the entrance to the right middle lobe should be occluded, and the Chartis balloon should be placed in the right upper lobe. Both Watanabe spigots and balloon catheters can be used to achieve occlusion. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Our aim was to demonstrate that right middle lobe occlusion with a blocking device is helpful in obtaining a reliable Chartis outcome in case of the no-flow phenomenon in the right lower lobe. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We performed a retrospective analysis of patients scheduled for EBV treatment in an EBV registry between September 2016 and September 2019. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We included 15 patients with severe emphysema (median age 63 years [range 47–73], 73% female, and FEV 〈 sub 〉 1 〈 /sub 〉 24% [range 19–36] of predicted), who required temporary middle lobe occlusion (12 Watanabe spigot, 3 balloon catheter). After occlusion, a reliable Chartis outcome was obtained in all patients. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Temporary middle lobe occlusion using a blocking device is helpful in obtaining a reliable Chartis outcome in case of a right lower lobe no-flow phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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  • 9
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 100, No. 10 ( 2021), p. 969-978
    Abstract: For selected patients with advanced emphysema, bronchoscopic lung volume reduction with one-way valves can lead to clinically relevant improvements of airflow obstruction, hyperinflation, exercise capacity, and quality of life. The most common complication of this procedure is pneumothorax with a prevalence of up to ±34% of the treated patients. Patients who develop a pneumothorax also experience meaningful clinical benefits once the pneumothorax is resolved. Timely resolution of a post-valve treatment pneumothorax requires skilled and adequate pneumothorax management. This expert panel statement is an updated recommendation of the 2014 statement developed to help guide pneumothorax management after valve placement. Additionally, mechanisms for pneumothorax development, risk assessment, prevention of pneumothorax, and outcomes after pneumothorax are addressed. This recommendation is based on a combination of the current scientific literature and expert opinion, which was obtained through a modified Delphi method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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  • 10
    In: Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 2023), p. 134-142
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using one-way endobronchial valves (EBVs) is a valid therapy for severe emphysema patients. However, alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT)-deficient patients were excluded from the majority of clinical trials investigating this intervention. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objectives: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EBV treatment in patients with AAT deficiency (AATD) or a reduced AAT level. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Method: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients treated with EBV with confirmed AATD or with a reduced AAT serum level at the University Medical Center Groningen between 2013 and 2021. Baseline and 6-month follow-up assessment included chest CT, pulmonary function measurement, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 In total, 53 patients were included, 30 patients in the AATD group (AAT & #x3c;0.6 g/L or confirmed ZZ phenotype) and 23 patients in the reduced AAT group (AAT 0.6–1 g/L). In both groups, all response variables improved significantly after treatment. There was a median increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 105 mL (12% relative) and 280 mL (31% relative) in the AATD and reduced AAT groups, respectively. 6MWD increased by 62 min and 52 min, and SGRQ decreased by 12.5 patients and 18.7 patients, respectively. A pneumothorax occurred in 10% and 13% of patients, and no patients died. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 EBV treatment in patients with emphysema and AATD or a reduced AAT level is feasible and results in significant improvements in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life and has an acceptable safety profile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-7931 , 1423-0356
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464419-8
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