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  • 1
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    Comparative mapping between human chromosome 3 and porcine chromosome 13
    S. Karger AG ; 1999
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 85, No. 3-4 ( 1999), p. 279-284
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 85, No. 3-4 ( 1999), p. 279-284
    Abstract: Zoo-FISH and somatic cell hybrid panels have earlier demonstrated extended synteny conservation between human chromosome 3 (HSA3) and pig chromosome 13 (SSC13). In the present study, eight human genes viz., ADCY5, CASR, COL7A1, COL8A1, ITIH1, RHO, SIAT1 and XPC, spread along the length of HSA3, were chosen for expanding the comparative map between the two chromosomes. Using human and rat cDNAs, or human- and porcine-specific PCR products as probes, 8 porcine lambda clones were isolated. After subcloning and partial sequence determination, identity of the clones with regards to the specific genes was established. The eight type 1 markers thus obtained were biotin labeled and FISH mapped to pig metaphase spreads. All lambda clones localized to SSC13. In combination with the hitherto published mapping data of coding sequences on SSC13, a preliminary comparative status depicting the relative organization of this chromosome with respect to HSA3 was developed. The comparative map thus obtained bears significance in searching for candidate genes of economically important traits mapped to SSC13.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000015313
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 2
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    Chromosomal distribution, localization and expression of the human endogenous retrovirus ERV9
    S. Karger AG ; 2001
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 92, No. 1-2 ( 2001), p. 89-96
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 92, No. 1-2 ( 2001), p. 89-96
    Abstract: ERV9 is a class I family of human endogenous retroviral sequences. Somatic cell hybrid genomic hybridization experiments using a mono-chromosomal panel indicate the presence of approximately 120 ERV9 loci in the human genome distributed on most chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using an ERV9 cDNA probe containing 〈 i 〉 gag 〈 /i 〉 , 〈 i 〉 pol 〈 /i 〉 and 〈 i 〉 env 〈 /i 〉 sequences, verified this observation and a consistent signal was found at the chromosome region 11q13.3→q13.5. By analysis of a panel of radiation hybrids, an ERV9 locus was mapped to within a 300-kbp region at the chromosome site 11q13. The marker cCLGW567 and the locus MAP3K11/D11S546 centromeric and telomeric flanked it, respectively. Northern blot analysis, using an ERV9 LTR probe, indicated that most normal tissues examined expressed low abundant ERV9 LTR driven mRNAs of various sizes. The most prominent expression was found in adrenal glands and testis. However, the level of expression varied in the same tissues among different individuals indicating that ERV9 mRNA expression probably is inducible in certain tissues or at various cell stages.   
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000056875
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 3
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    Comparative Cytogenetics of the Congo African Grey Parrot 〈b〉〈i〉(Psittacus erithacus)〈/i〉〈/b〉
    S. Karger AG ; 2015
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 147, No. 2-3 ( 2015), p. 144-153
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 147, No. 2-3 ( 2015), p. 144-153
    Abstract: The Congo African grey parrot ( 〈 i 〉 Psittacus erithacus 〈 /i 〉 , PER) is an endemic species of Central Africa, valued for its intelligence and listed as vulnerable due to poaching and habitat destruction. Improved knowledge about the 〈 i 〉 P. erithacus 〈 /i 〉 genome is needed to address key biological questions and conservation of this species. The 〈 i 〉 P. erithacus 〈 /i 〉 genome was studied using conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches including Zoo-FISH. 〈 i 〉 P. erithacus 〈 /i 〉 has a ‘typical' parrot karyotype with 2n = 62-64 and 8 pairs of macrochromosomes. A distinct feature was a sharp macro-microchromosome boundary. Telomeric sequences were present at all chromosome ends and interstitially in PER2q, the latter coinciding with a C-band. NORs mapped to 4 pairs of microchromosomes which is in contrast to a single NOR in ancestral type avian karyotypes. Zoo-FISH with chicken macrochromosomes GGA1-9 and Z revealed patterns of conserved synteny similar to many other avian groups, though neighboring synteny combinations of GGA6/7, 8/9, and 1/4 were distinctive only to parrots. Overall, 〈 i 〉 P. erithacus 〈 /i 〉 shared more Zoo-FISH patterns with neotropical macaws than Australian species such as cockatiel and budgerigar. The observations suggest that Psittaciformes karyotypes have undergone more extensive evolutionary rearrangements compared to the majority of other avian genomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000444136
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 4
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    A BAC contig map over the proximal ∼3.3 Mb region of horse chromosome 21
    S. Karger AG ; 2008
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 120, No. 1-2 ( 2008), p. 164-172
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 120, No. 1-2 ( 2008), p. 164-172
    Abstract: A total of 207 BAC clones containing 155 loci were isolated and arranged into a map of linearly ordered overlapping clones over the proximal part of horse chromosome 21 (ECA21), which corresponds to the proximal half of the short arm of human chromosome 19 (HSA19p) and part of HSA5. The clones form two contigs – each corresponding to the respective human chromosomes – that are estimated to be separated by a gap of ∼200 kb. Of the 155 markers present in the two contigs, 141 (33 genes and 108 STS) were generated and mapped in this study. The BACs provide a 4–5× coverage of the region and span an estimated length of ∼3.3 Mb. The region presently contains one mapped marker per 22 kb on average, which represents a major improvement over the previous resolution of one marker per 380 kb obtained through the generation of a dense RH map for this segment. Dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization on metaphase and interphase chromosomes verified the relative order of some of the BACs and helped to orient them accurately in the contigs. Despite having similar gene order and content, the equine region covered by the contigs appears to be distinctly smaller than the corresponding region in human (3.3 Mb vs. 5.5–6 Mb) because the latter harbors a host of repetitive elements and gene families unique to humans/primates. Considering limited representation of the region in the latest version of the horse whole genome sequence EquCab2, the dense map developed in this study will prove useful for the assembly and annotation of the sequence data on ECA21 and will be instrumental in rapid search and isolation of candidate genes for traits mapped to this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000118758
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 5
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    Isolation, characterization and FISH assignments of horse BAC clones containing type I and II markers
    S. Karger AG ; 2001
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 92, No. 1-2 ( 2001), p. 144-148
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 92, No. 1-2 ( 2001), p. 144-148
    Abstract: In order to increase the number of markers on the horse cytogenetic map and expand the integration with the linkage map, an equine BAC library was screened for genes and for microsatellites. Eighty-nine intra-exon primers were designed from consensus gene sequences in documented species. After PCR screening, 38 clones containing identified genes were isolated and FISH mapped. These data allowed us to refine the available Zoo-FISH results, to define ten new conserved cytogenetic segments and expand two others, thus leading to the identification of a total of 26 conserved segments between horse and human. Interestingly, a new homeology segment was detected between ECA6p and HSA2q. Screening BAC clones for dinucleotide repeats led to the isolation of 33 microsatellites. Ten of the clones each contained at least a polymorphic microsatellite and one specific gene. The success of the approach in the production of integrative anchor loci and their potential use in localization and analysis of traits of interest by the candidate gene and positional cloning approach, are discussed.   
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000056886
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 6
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    A 4,103 marker integrated physical and comparative map of the horse genome
    S. Karger AG ; 2008
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 122, No. 1 ( 2008), p. 28-36
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 122, No. 1 ( 2008), p. 28-36
    Abstract: A comprehensive second-generation whole genome radiation hybrid (RH II), cytogenetic and comparative map of the horse genome (2n = 64) has been developed using the 5000rad horse × hamster radiation hybrid panel and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The map contains 4,103 markers (3,816 RH; 1,144 FISH) assigned to all 31 pairs of autosomes and the X chromosome. The RH maps of individual chromosomes are anchored and oriented using 857 cytogenetic markers. The overall resolution of the map is one marker per 775 kilobase pairs (kb), which represents a more than five-fold improvement over the first-generation map. The RH II incorporates 920 markers shared jointly with the two recently reported meiotic maps. Consequently the two maps were aligned with the RH II maps of individual autosomes and the X chromosome. Additionally, a comparative map of the horse genome was generated by connecting 1,904 loci on the horse map with genome sequences available for eight diverse vertebrates to highlight regions of evolutionarily conserved syntenies, linkages, and chromosomal breakpoints. The integrated map thus obtained presents the most comprehensive information on the physical and comparative organization of the equine genome and will assist future assemblies of whole genome BAC fingerprint maps and the genome sequence. It will also serve as a tool to identify genes governing health, disease and performance traits in horses and assist us in understanding the evolution of the equine genome in relation to other species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000151313
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 7
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    A Comprehensive Whole-Genome Integrated Cytogenetic Map for the Alpaca〈b〉〈i〉 (Lama pacos)〈/i〉〈/b〉
    S. Karger AG ; 2014
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 144, No. 3 ( 2014), p. 196-207
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 144, No. 3 ( 2014), p. 196-207
    Abstract: Genome analysis of the alpaca ( 〈 i 〉 Lama pacos 〈 /i 〉 , LPA) has progressed slowly compared to other domestic species. Here, we report the development of the first comprehensive whole-genome integrated cytogenetic map for the alpaca using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and CHORI-246 BAC library clones. The map is comprised of 230 linearly ordered markers distributed among all 36 alpaca autosomes and the sex chromosomes. For the first time, markers were assigned to LPA14, 21, 22, 28, and 36. Additionally, 86 genes from 15 alpaca chromosomes were mapped in the dromedary camel ( 〈 i 〉 Camelus dromedarius 〈 /i 〉 , CDR), demonstrating exceptional synteny and linkage conservation between the 2 camelid genomes. Cytogenetic mapping of 191 protein-coding genes improved and refined the known Zoo-FISH homologies between camelids and humans: we discovered new homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) corresponding to HSA1-LPA/CDR11, HSA4-LPA/CDR31 and HSA7-LPA/CDR36, and revised the location of breakpoints for others. Overall, gene mapping was in good agreement with the Zoo-FISH and revealed remarkable evolutionary conservation of gene order within many human-camelid HSBs. Most importantly, 91 FISH-mapped markers effectively integrated the alpaca whole-genome sequence and the radiation hybrid maps with physical chromosomes, thus facilitating the improvement of the sequence assembly and the discovery of genes of biological importance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000370329
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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  • 8
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    Isolated Gastric Varices: Prevalence, Clinical Relevance and Natural History
    S. Karger AG ; 2003
    In:  Digestive Surgery Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2003), p. 42-47
    Details
    In: Digestive Surgery, S. Karger AG, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2003), p. 42-47
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Isolated ectopic gastric varices (IGV2) are present either in the body or antrum of the stomach or upper duodenum. The prevalence, natural history and clinical significance of these varices has not been adequately described. 〈 i 〉 Materials and Methods: 〈 /i 〉 Consecutive patients with portal hypertension, prospectively studied and diagnosed to have IGV2, were assessed for their time of appearance – primary (at first presentation) or secondary (after obliteration of oesophageal varices), association with other varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy and any overt bleeding. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Fifty-three of the 1,128 (4.7%) patients had IGV2. The IGV2 were commonly seen in the antrum (53%), duodenum (32%), or at both sites (11%) and rarely in body and fundus (4%). IGV2 were predominantly (84.9%) secondary in origin, developing after oesophageal variceal obliteration. The median time for emergence of secondary IGV2 was 8.2 months for patients with cirrhosis, 12.8 months for non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis and 10.8 months for extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction. Eight (15%) patients had primary IGV2, 6 of them had underlying portal vein obstruction. Portal gastropathy (p 〈 0.05) and UGI bleeding were more common in the secondary than in primary IGV2. Bleeding due to IGV2 was seen only in 3 (5.7%) patients during a mean follow-up of 36.3 ± 12.1 months, and could be successfully managed with endoscopic ligation or obliteration. 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 Isolated ectopic gastric varices are not uncommon and generally develop following obliteration of main variceal columns. They rarely bleed and often can be managed with endoscopic interventions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0253-4886 , 1421-9883
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000068865
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468560-7
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  • 9
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    The 450-Band Resolution G- and R-Banded Standard Karyotype of the Donkey (〈i〉Equus asinus〈/i〉, 2n = 62)
    S. Karger AG ; 2009
    In:  Cytogenetic and Genome Research Vol. 125, No. 4 ( 2009), p. 266-271
    Details
    In: Cytogenetic and Genome Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 125, No. 4 ( 2009), p. 266-271
    Abstract: Donkey chromosomes were earlier characterized separately by C-, G- and R-banding techniques. However, direct comparisons between G- and R-banding patterns have still not been carried out in this species. The present study reports this comparison at the 450-band level by using replication G- and R-banding patterns. Two sets of synchronized lymphocyte cultures were set up to obtain early (GBA+CBA-banding) and late (RBA-banding) BrdU incorporation. Slides were stained with acridine orange and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Reverse GBA+CBA- and RBA-banded karyotypes at the 450-band level were constructed. To verify G- and R-banding patterns in some acrocentric chromosomes, sequential GBA+CBA/Ag-NORs and RBA/Ag-NORs were also performed. The results of CBA-banding patterns obtained in 12 animals from 2 breeds showed a pronounced polymorphism of heterochromatin, especially in EAS1q-prox. Ideogrammatic representations of G- and R-banded karyotypes were constructed using only one common G- and R-banding nomenclature. In the present study both G- and R-banding patterns and relative ideograms are presented as standard karyotype for this species at the 450-band level.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8581 , 1424-859X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000235932
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061918-2
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