In:
RSC Sustainability, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 2023), p. 554-562
Abstract:
Upcycling of spent heavy metal functional carbon adsorbents for use in catalytic applications must be considered to avoid hazardous wastes and to develop circular economies. In this study, amino-Brønsted acid precursor functional biocarbons were prepared by the hydrothermal-ammonia carbonization of biomass and subsequent mechanochemical modification with l -cysteine. Mix ball-milling of hydrothermal-ammonia-carbonized solids with l -cysteine afforded biocarbon materials with three kinds of sites, namely amino-functional, Brønsted acid precursor, and metal ion binding. The adsorption of Ni 2+ metal onto biocarbons was high ( Q m 〉 313 mg g −1 ) and the spent adsorbents could be upcycled by the oxidation of Brønsted acid precursor sites (–SH groups) with H 2 O 2 and applied as catalysts for C5/C6 carbohydrate dehydration–oxidation reactions. In an ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl reaction phase, the spent adsorbent catalyzed the conversion of C5 carbohydrate substrate xylose to furoic acid and furfural in yields of 46.2% and 24.7%, respectively, while C6 carbohydrate substrates, fructose and glucose, afforded 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in yields of 71% and 24%, respectively. The preparation procedure for amino-functional biocarbons allows heavy metal recovery from wastewater and upcycling of spent materials to catalysts for carbohydrate dehydration–oxidation reactions.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2753-8125
Language:
English
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
3161312-3
Permalink