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  • Rockefeller University Press  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rockefeller University Press ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Cell Biology Vol. 222, No. 8 ( 2023-08-07)
    In: Journal of Cell Biology, Rockefeller University Press, Vol. 222, No. 8 ( 2023-08-07)
    Abstract: In macroautophagy, cellular components are sequestered within autophagosomes and transported to lysosomes/vacuoles for degradation. Although phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I (PI3KCI) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of autophagosome biogenesis, little is known about how this complex localizes to the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, PI3KCI is composed of PI3K Vps34 and conserved subunits Vps15, Vps30, Atg14, and Atg38. In this study, we discover that PI3KCI interacts with the vacuolar membrane anchor Vac8, the PAS scaffold Atg1 complex, and the pre-autophagosomal vesicle component Atg9 via the Atg14 C-terminal region, the Atg38 C-terminal region, and the Vps30 BARA domain, respectively. While the Atg14–Vac8 interaction is constitutive, the Atg38–Atg1 complex interaction and the Vps30–Atg9 interaction are enhanced upon macroautophagy induction depending on Atg1 kinase activity. These interactions cooperate to target PI3KCI to the PAS. These findings provide a molecular basis for PAS targeting of PI3KCI during autophagosome biogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9525 , 1540-8140
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Rockefeller University Press
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1421310-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Experimental Medicine, Rockefeller University Press, Vol. 210, No. 13 ( 2013-12-16), p. 2851-2872
    Abstract: Many solid cancers display cellular hierarchies with self-renewing, tumorigenic stemlike cells, or cancer-initiating cells (CICs) at the apex. Whereas CICs often exhibit relative resistance to conventional cancer therapies, they also receive critical maintenance cues from supportive stromal elements that also respond to cytotoxic therapies. To interrogate the interplay between chemotherapy and CICs, we investigated cellular heterogeneity in human colorectal cancers. Colorectal CICs were resistant to conventional chemotherapy in cell-autonomous assays, but CIC chemoresistance was also increased by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Comparative analysis of matched colorectal cancer specimens from patients before and after cytotoxic treatment revealed a significant increase in CAFs. Chemotherapy-treated human CAFs promoted CIC self-renewal and in vivo tumor growth associated with increased secretion of specific cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Exogenous IL-17A increased CIC self-renewal and invasion, and targeting IL-17A signaling impaired CIC growth. Notably, IL-17A was overexpressed by colorectal CAFs in response to chemotherapy with expression validated directly in patient-derived specimens without culture. These data suggest that chemotherapy induces remodeling of the tumor microenvironment to support the tumor cellular hierarchy through secreted factors. Incorporating simultaneous disruption of CIC mechanisms and interplay with the tumor microenvironment could optimize therapeutic targeting of cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-9538 , 0022-1007
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Rockefeller University Press
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477240-1
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