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  • 1
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2017), p. 121-
    Abstract: The coronary adventitia harbours the vasa vasorum (VV), which has a diameter of 50–300 μm and plays an important role as a network of nutrient blood vessels to the arterial wall. The VV is thought to be involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Recent advances in the field of intracoronary imaging, including optical coherence tomography, have enabled us to visualise coronary VV in humans in vivo and increased the clinical relevance of the VV in patients with coronary artery disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2019
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2019-4-30), p. 6-9
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2019-4-30), p. 6-9
    Abstract: Perivascular adipose tissue, which constitutes perivascular components along with the adventitial vasa vasorum, plays an important role as a source of various inflammatory mediators in cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory changes in the coronary adventitia are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm and vasospastic angina. Recent advances in translational research using non- invasive imaging modalities, including 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and cardiac CT, have enabled us to visualise perivascular inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary artery spasm. These modality approaches appear to be clinically useful as a non-invasive tool for examining the presence and severity of vasospastic angina.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2021
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 16 ( 2021-3-31)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 16 ( 2021-3-31)
    Abstract: There is accumulating evidence highlighting a close relationship between inflammation and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in various experimental and clinical settings, with major clinical implications. Chronic low-grade vascular inflammation plays important roles in the underlying mechanisms behind CMD, especially in patients with coronary artery disease, obesity, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and chronic inflammatory rheumatoid diseases. The central mechanisms of coronary vasomotion abnormalities comprise enhanced coronary vasoconstrictor reactivity, reduced endothelium-dependent and -independent coronary vasodilator capacity and increased coronary microvascular resistance, where inflammatory mediators and responses are substantially involved. How to modulate CMD to improve clinical outcomes of patients with the disorder and whether CMD management by targeting inflammatory responses can benefit patients remain challenging questions in need of further research. This review provides a concise overview of the current knowledge of the involvement of inflammation in the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of CMD from bench to bedside.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2021
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 16 ( 2021-9-3)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 16 ( 2021-9-3)
    Abstract: Approximately one-half of patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography for angina have no significant coronary atherosclerotic stenosis. This clinical condition has recently been described as ischaemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA). Coronary functional abnormalities are central to the pathogenesis of INOCA, including epicardial coronary spasm and coronary microvascular dysfunction composed of a variable combination of increased vasoconstrictive reactivity and/or reduced vasodilator function. During the last decade – in INOCA patients in particular – evidence for the prognostic impact of coronary functional abnormalities has accumulated and various non-invasive and invasive diagnostic techniques have enabled the evaluation of coronary vasomotor function in a comprehensive manner. In this review, the authors briefly summarise the recent advances in the understanding of pathophysiology and diagnosis of epicardial coronary artery spasm and coronary microvascular dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2023
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 18 ( 2023-9-1)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 18 ( 2023-9-1)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2023
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 18 ( 2023-3-21)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 18 ( 2023-3-21)
    Abstract: Professor Maseri pioneered the research and treatment of coronary vasomotion abnormalities represented by coronary vasospasm and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). These mechanisms can cause myocardial ischaemia even in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, and have been appreciated as an important aetiology and therapeutic target with major clinical implications in patients with ischaemia with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA). Coronary microvascular spasm is one of the key mechanisms responsible for myocardial ischaemia in patients with INOCA. Comprehensive assessment of coronary vasomotor reactivity by invasive functional coronary angiography or interventional diagnostic procedure is recommended to identify the underlying mechanisms of myocardial ischaemia and to tailor the best treatment and management based on the endotype of INOCA. This review highlights the pioneering works of Professor Maseri and contemporary research on coronary vasospasm and CMD with reference to endothelial dysfunction, Rho-kinase activation and inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2023
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 18 ( 2023-5-22)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 18 ( 2023-5-22)
    Abstract: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are the first-line treatment for coronary artery spasm (CAS). When CAS-related angina symptoms are not well controlled by CCB therapy, long-acting nitrates or (where available) nicorandil can be added as second-line medications. In the case of CAS refractory to standard treatments, several other alternative drugs and interventions have been proposed, including the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil, anti-adrenergic drugs, neural therapies and percutaneous coronary interventions. In patients with syncope or cardiac arrest caused by CAS-related tachyarrhythmias, or even bradyarrhythmias, implantation of an ICD or pacemaker, respectively, should be considered according to the risk of recurrence and efficacy of vasodilator therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Radcliffe Media Media Ltd ; 2023
    In:  European Cardiology Review Vol. 18 ( 2023-5-30)
    In: European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 18 ( 2023-5-30)
    Abstract: Recent clinical trials have highlighted that percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with stable angina provides limited additional benefits on top of optimal medical therapy. This has led to much more attention being paid to coronary vasomotion abnormalities regardless of obstructive or non-obstructive arterial segments. Coronary vasomotion is regulated by multiple mechanisms that include the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), myocardial metabolic demand, autonomic nervous system and inflammation. Over the years, several animal models have been developed to explore the central mechanism of coronary artery spasm. This review summarises the landmark studies on the mechanisms of coronary vasospasm demonstrating the central role of Rho-kinase as a molecular switch of VSMC hypercontraction and the important role of coronary adventitial inflammation for Rho-kinase upregulation in VSMCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-3764 , 1758-3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813997-5
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