In:
European Cardiology Review, Radcliffe Media Media Ltd, Vol. 18 ( 2023-5-22)
Abstract:
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are the first-line treatment for coronary artery spasm (CAS). When CAS-related angina symptoms are not well controlled by CCB therapy, long-acting nitrates or (where available) nicorandil can be added as second-line medications. In the case of CAS refractory to standard treatments, several other alternative drugs and interventions have been proposed, including the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil, anti-adrenergic drugs, neural therapies and percutaneous coronary interventions. In patients with syncope or cardiac arrest caused by CAS-related tachyarrhythmias, or even bradyarrhythmias, implantation of an ICD or pacemaker, respectively, should be considered according to the risk of recurrence and efficacy of vasodilator therapy.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1758-3764
,
1758-3756
DOI:
10.15420/ecr.2022.47
Language:
English
Publisher:
Radcliffe Media Media Ltd
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2813997-5
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