In:
PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2021-5-13), p. e0244120-
Abstract:
Macrophage accumulation in response to decreasing myonuclei may be the major mechanism underlying immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis in muscle contracture, an intervention strategy suppressing these lesions is necessary. Therefore, this research investigated the effect of belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (B-SES), a new electrical stimulation device, to the macrophage accumulation via myonuclei decrease in immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis. Materials and methods 18 Wistar male rats were divided into the control group, immobilization group (with plaster cast fixation to immobilize the soleus muscles in a shortened position for 2 weeks), and B-SES group (with muscle contractile exercise through B-SES during the immobilization period). B-SES stimulation was performed at a frequency of 50 Hz and an intensity of 4.7 mA, muscle contractile exercise by B-SES was applied to the lower limb muscles for 20 minutes/session (twice a day) for 2 weeks (6 times/week). The bilateral soleus muscles were used for histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular biological analyses. Results The number of myonuclei was significantly higher in the B-SES group than in the immobilization group, and there was no significant difference between the B-SES and control groups. The cross-sectional area of type I and II myofibers in the immobilization and B-SES groups was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the cross-sectional area of type I myofibers in the B-SES group was higher than that in the immobilization group. However, Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 mRNA expression in the immobilization and B-SES groups was significantly higher than those in the control group. Additionally, the number of macrophages, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and α-SMA mRNA expression, and hydroxyproline expression was significantly lower in the control and B-SES groups than those in the immobilization group. Conclusion This research surmised that muscle contractile exercise through B-SES prevented immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis, and this alteration suppressed the development of muscle contracture.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1932-6203
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.g008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0244120.r006
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2267670-3
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