In:
PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2022-3-17), p. e0265429-
Abstract:
Most evidence on the relationship between sodium and potassium intake and cardiovascular disease originated from general population studies. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between estimated 24-hour sodium and potassium urinary excretion and the risk of recurrent vascular events and mortality in patients with vascular disease. Methods 7561 patients with vascular disease enrolled in the UCC-SMART cohort (1996–2015) were included. Twenty-four hour sodium and potassium urinary excretion were estimated (Kawasaki formulae) from morning urine samples. Cox proportional hazard models with restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the relation between estimated urinary salt excretion and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; including myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality) and all-cause mortality. Results After a median follow-up of 7.4 years (interquartile range: 4.1–11.0), the relations between estimated 24-hour sodium urinary excretion and outcomes were J-shaped with nadirs of 4.59 gram/day for recurrent MACE and 4.97 gram/day for all-cause mortality. The relation between sodium-to-potassium excretion ratio and outcomes were also J-shaped with nadirs of 2.71 for recurrent MACE and 2.60 for all-cause mortality. Higher potassium urinary excretion was related to an increased risk of both recurrent MACE (HR 1.25 per gram potassium excretion per day; 95%CI 1.13–1.39) and all cause-mortality (HR 1.13 per gram potassium excretion per day; 95%CI 1.03–1.25). Conclusions In patients with established vascular disease, lower and higher sodium intake were associated with higher risk of recurrent MACE and all-cause mortality. Higher estimated 24-hour potassium urinary excretion was associated with a higher risk of recurrent MACE and all-cause mortality.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1932-6203
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0265429.r004
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2267670-3
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