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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the mode of action of Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum methanolic extract and essential oil on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
    Pensoft Publishers ; 2022
    In:  BioRisk Vol. 17 ( 2022-04-21), p. 179-190
    Details
    In: BioRisk, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 17 ( 2022-04-21), p. 179-190
    Abstract: Aim : To reveal whether methanolic extract and essential oil from Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum in doses causing even low levels of mortality in aphids, would have harmful effects on plants-genotoxic, mutagenic and/or DNA damaging. Materials and methods : Aerial parts of Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum from the ex-situ collection of IBER, BAS during flowering were collected. Extraction and isolation procedures, as well as GC/MS analysis of essential oil and methanolic extract were performed by standard protocols. The components were identified by comparing their relative retention times to the retention times of authentic standards, and with mass spectra with the NIST. Test system : Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain 137 C+ (WT). Endpoints : “clonal” assay, the test of “visible mutations”, constant field gel electrophoresis. Statistics : GraphPad Prism version 6.04 (San Diego, USA) and One-way Analysis of Variance ANOVA with multiple comparisons using the Tukey method. Results : A good correlation was observed between chemical composition of essential oil and methanolic extract, and their mode of action. Our genotoxic and double strand breaks results demonstrated mild genotoxic and statistically non-significant DNA damaging potential of methanolic extract and concentration-dependent well - expressed genotoxic and DNA damaging potential of essential oil. A good relationship between increased double strand breaks levels and decreased survival might be related to one of the main constituents of essential oil, suspected to be carvacrol. No mutagenic effect for ME and EO was found. Conclusion : Well-expressed toxic/genotoxic capacity of essential oil, as well as its capacity to damage DNA inducing double strand breaks, but the absence of mutagenic potential, could be considered as a good reason to recommend Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oil as a promising candidate for purposes of “green” technologies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1313-2652 , 1313-2644
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3897/biorisk.17.77313
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2497450-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polar and non-polar fraction from Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum methanolic extract – differences in their bioactivity on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii test system
    Pensoft Publishers ; 2022
    In:  BioRisk Vol. 17 ( 2022-04-21), p. 191-200
    Details
    In: BioRisk, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 17 ( 2022-04-21), p. 191-200
    Abstract: Aim : To compare the bioactivity of both polar and non-polar fraction of Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum methanolic extract on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . Material and methods : The polar and non-polar fractions were derived from aerial parts of Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, collected during the flowering stage from the ex - situ collection of IBER-BAS. GC/MS analysis of both fractions was done following the standard protocol. The measured mass spectra were deconvoluted by the Automated Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS), before comparison with the databases. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 137C+ (WT) was used as a test system. Spot-test, cell survival fraction (SF), test of “visible mutations” and CFGE (for measurement of induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs)) were applied. Results : The polar fraction did not possess genotoxic, mutagenic as well as DNA-damaging effect. The situation with the non-polar fraction was quite different. Even at the lowest concentration of 250 ppm, cell survival was decreased by 60% (SF = 0.41 ± 0.08). Treatment with concentrations equal to/or greater than 500 ppm resulted in around 100% lethality. A mild mutagenic effect was obtained for the concentration of 250 ppm non-polar fraction (IM = 4.83 ± 0.004). Well-expressed and concentration-dependent induction of DSBs for even the strong DNA fragmentation was observed after the treatment with the non-polar fraction. Conclusions : The different bioactivity of the two fractions correlated well with their different chemical composition. The polar fraction, rich in sugars, organic acids and flavonoid glycosides, did not possess genotoxic and mutagenic potential. The strong genotoxic potential of the non-polar fraction might be related to carvacrol content (37.08%), which is not present in the composition of the polar fraction. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first information that the carvacrol-rich non-polar fraction of Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum methanolic extract possesses genotoxic, mutagenic and DNA damaging effect on some low eukaryotes, such as C. reinhardtii . Further experiments with carvacrol should be done in order to clarify the exact mechanism of action.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1313-2652 , 1313-2644
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3897/biorisk.17.78169
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2497450-X
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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