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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Real-World Evidence of Effectiveness and Safety of Vedolizumab for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Taiwan: A Prospective Nationwide Registry (VIOLET) Study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ( 2023-01-10)
    Details
    In: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2023-01-10)
    Abstract: This nationwide prospective registry study investigated the real-world effectiveness, safety, and persistence of vedolizumab (VDZ) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in Taiwan. Disease relapse rates after VDZ discontinuation due to reimbursement restriction were assessed. Methods Data were collected prospectively (January 2018 to May 2020) from the Taiwan Society of IBD registry. Results Overall, 274 patients (147 ulcerative colitis [UC] patients, 127 Crohn’s disease [CD] patients) were included. Among them, 70.7% with UC and 50.4% with CD were biologic-naïve. At 1 year, 76.0%, 58.0%, 35.0%, and 62.2% of UC patients and 57.1%, 71.4%, 33.3%, and 30.0% of CD patients achieved clinical response, clinical remission, steroid-free remission, and mucosal healing, respectively. All patients underwent hepatitis B and tuberculosis screening before initiating biologics, and prophylaxis was recommended when necessary. One hepatitis B carrier, without antiviral prophylaxis due to economic barriers, had hepatitis B reactivation during steroid tapering and increasing azathioprine dosage, which was controlled with an antiviral agent. No tuberculosis reactivation was noted. At 12 months, non–reimbursement-related treatment persistence rates were 94.0% and 82.5% in UC and CD patients, respectively. Moreover, 75.3% of IBD patients discontinued VDZ due to mandatory drug holiday. Relapse rates after VDZ discontinuation at 6 and 12 months were 36.7% and 64.3% in CD patients and 42.9% and 52.4% in UC patients, respectively. Conclusions The findings demonstrated VDZ effectiveness in IBD patients in Taiwan, with high treatment persistence rates and favorable safety profiles. A substantial IBD relapse rate was observed in patients who had mandatory drug holiday.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0998 , 1536-4844
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac269
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
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    Successful Antiviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Schizophrenia Among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients: A Nationwide Real-World Taiwanese Cohort (T-COACH)
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Open Forum Infectious Diseases Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01)
    Details
    In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01)
    Abstract: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has been associated with major psychoses, and interferon (IFN)-based therapy may cause psychiatric sequelae. We aimed to evaluate the effects of sustained virological response (SVR) on the incidence of major psychoses in a nationwide Taiwanese CHC cohort. Methods Fifteen thousand eight hundred thirty-six CHC Taiwanese who received IFN-based therapy were enrolled between 2003 and 2015. Of those, 12 723 patients were linked to the National Health Insurance Research Databases for the incidence of major psychoses. Death before major psychoses was considered a competing risk. Results Twenty-four patients developed new-onset major psychoses during 67 554 person-years (3.6 per 10 000 person-years), including 16 affective psychoses, 7 schizophrenia, and 1 organic psychotic condition. The incidence of major psychoses and affective psychoses did not differ between the SVR and non-SVR groups. The 10-year cumulative incidence of schizophrenia were significantly higher in the non-SVR than in SVR patients (0.14% vs 0.04%, P = .036). Cox subdistribution hazards showed that SVR and older age were associated with a significantly lower risk of schizophrenia (hazard ratio = 0.18 and 0.17). Sustained virological response was associated with decreased incidence of schizophrenia and majorly observed among patients with age & lt;45 (P = .02). Conclusions Successful IFN-based therapy might reduce the incidence of schizophrenia among CHC patients, especially among younger patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-8957
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa397
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757767-3
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Widespread Rickettsia spp. Infections in Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) in Taiwan
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Medical Entomology Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2015-09), p. 1096-1102
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Entomology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2015-09), p. 1096-1102
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2585 , 1938-2928
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv083
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031006-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Smoking and nasopharyngeal cancer: individual data meta-analysis of six prospective studies on 334 935 men
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2021-07-09), p. 975-986
    Details
    In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2021-07-09), p. 975-986
    Abstract: The role of smoking in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains uncertain, especially in endemic regions. We conducted an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to investigate the associations between smoking exposure and risk of NPC. Methods We obtained individual participant data of 334 935 male participants from six eligible population-based cohorts in NPC-endemic regions, including two each in Guangzhou and Taiwan, and one each in Hong Kong and Singapore. We used one- and two-stage approaches IPD meta-analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NPC for smoking exposure adjusting for age and drinking status. Results During 2 961 315 person-years of follow-up, 399 NPC evens were ascertained. Risks of NPC were higher in ever versus never smokers (HRone-stage = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.07-1.63, P = 0.0088; HRtwo-stage = 1.27, 1.01-1.60, 0.04). These positive associations appeared to be stronger in ever smokers who consumed 16+ cigarettes/day (HRone-stage = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.29-2.16, P = 0.0001), and in those who started smoking at age younger than 16 (2.16, 1.33-3.50, 0.0103), with dose-response relationships (P-values for trend = 0.0028 and 0.0103, respectively). Quitting (versus daily smoking) showed a small reduced risk (stopped for 5+ years: HRone-stage = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.60-1.39, P = 0.66; for former smokers: HRtwo-stage = 0.84, 0.61-1.14, 0.26). Conclusions This first IPD meta-analysis from six prospective cohorts in endemic regions has provided robust observational evidence that smoking increased NPC risk in men. NPC should be added to the 12–16 cancer sites known to be tobacco-related cancers. Strong tobacco control policies, preventing young individuals from smoking, would reduce NPC risk in endemic regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-5771 , 1464-3685
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab060
    RVK:
    XF 4100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1494592-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Expression-Based Cell Lineage Analysis in Drosophila Through a Course-Based Research Experience for Early Undergraduates
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2019-11-01), p. 3791-3800
    Details
    In: G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2019-11-01), p. 3791-3800
    Abstract: A variety of genetic techniques have been devised to determine cell lineage relationships during tissue development. Some of these systems monitor cell lineages spatially and/or temporally without regard to gene expression by the cells, whereas others correlate gene expression with the lineage under study. The GAL4 Technique for Real-time and Clonal Expression (G-TRACE) system allows for rapid, fluorescent protein-based visualization of both current and past GAL4 expression patterns and is therefore amenable to genome-wide expression-based lineage screens. Here we describe the results from such a screen, performed by undergraduate students of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Undergraduate Research Consortium for Functional Genomics (URCFG) and high school summer scholars as part of a discovery-based education program. The results of the screen, which reveal novel expression-based lineage patterns within the brain, the imaginal disc epithelia, and the hematopoietic lymph gland, have been compiled into the G-TRACE Expression Database (GED), an online resource for use by the Drosophila research community. The impact of this discovery-based research experience on student learning gains was assessed independently and shown to be greater than that of similar programs conducted elsewhere. Furthermore, students participating in the URCFG showed considerably higher STEM retention rates than UCLA STEM students that did not participate in the URCFG, as well as STEM students nationwide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2160-1836
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400541
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2629978-1
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  • 6
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    Human Thg1 displays tRNA-inducible GTPase activity
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 50, No. 17 ( 2022-09-23), p. 10015-10025
    Details
    In: Nucleic Acids Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 50, No. 17 ( 2022-09-23), p. 10015-10025
    Abstract: tRNAHis guanylyltransferase (Thg1) catalyzes the 3′-5′ incorporation of guanosine into position -1 (G-1) of tRNAHis. G-1 is unique to tRNAHis and is crucial for recognition by histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS). Yeast Thg1 requires ATP for G-1 addition to tRNAHis opposite A73, whereas archaeal Thg1 requires either ATP or GTP for G-1 addition to tRNAHis opposite C73. Paradoxically, human Thg1 (HsThg1) can add G-1 to tRNAsHis with A73 (cytoplasmic) and C73 (mitochondrial). As N73 is immediately followed by a CCA end (positions 74–76), how HsThg1 prevents successive 3′-5′ incorporation of G-1/G-2/G-3 into mitochondrial tRNAHis (tRNAmHis) through a template-dependent mechanism remains a puzzle. We showed herein that mature native human tRNAmHis indeed contains only G-1. ATP was absolutely required for G-1 addition to tRNAmHis by HsThg1. Although HsThg1 could incorporate more than one GTP into tRNAmHisin vitro, a single-GTP incorporation prevailed when the relative GTP level was low. Surprisingly, HsThg1 possessed a tRNA-inducible GTPase activity, which could be inhibited by ATP. Similar activity was found in other high-eukaryotic dual-functional Thg1 enzymes, but not in yeast Thg1. This study suggests that HsThg1 may downregulate the level of GTP through its GTPase activity to prevent multiple-GTP incorporation into tRNAmHis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1048 , 1362-4962
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac768
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472175-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
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    SOX9 as a Predictor for Neurogenesis Potentiality of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  Stem Cells Translational Medicine Vol. 3, No. 10 ( 2014-10-01), p. 1138-1147
    Details
    In: Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 3, No. 10 ( 2014-10-01), p. 1138-1147
    Abstract: Preclinical studies of amniotic fluid-derived cell therapy have been successful in the research of neurodegenerative diseases, peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and brain ischemia. Transplantation of human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) into rat brain ventricles has shown improvement in symptoms of Parkinson's disease and also highlighted the minimal immune rejection risk of AFSCs, even between species. Although AFSCs appeared to be a promising resource for cell-based regenerative therapy, AFSCs contain a heterogeneous pool of distinct cell types, rendering each preparation of AFSCs unique. Identification of predictive markers for neuron-prone AFSCs is necessary before such stem cell-based therapeutics can become a reality. In an attempt to identify markers of AFSCs to predict their ability for neurogenesis, we performed a two-phase study. In the discovery phase of 23 AFSCs, we tested ZNF521/Zfp521, OCT6, SOX1, SOX2, SOX3, and SOX9 as predictive markers of AFSCs for neural differentiation. In the validation phase, the efficacy of these predictive markers was tested in independent sets of 18 AFSCs and 14 dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). We found that high expression of SOX9 in AFSCs is associated with good neurogenetic ability, and these positive correlations were confirmed in independent sets of AFSCs and DPSCs. Furthermore, knockdown of SOX9 in AFSCs inhibited their neuronal differentiation. In conclusion, the discovery of SOX9 as a predictive marker for neuron-prone AFSCs could expedite the selection of useful clones for regenerative medicine, in particular, in neurological diseases and injuries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2157-6564 , 2157-6580
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0019
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2642270-0
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  • 8
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    Fleas of Shrews and Rodents in Rural Lowland Taiwan
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Medical Entomology ( 2019-11-02)
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Entomology, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2019-11-02)
    Abstract: Fleas transmit a variety of pathogens to humans but are relatively understudied in comparison to mosquitoes and ticks, including in Taiwan, where fleas in rural lowlands have never been systematically surveyed. In total, 700 fleas of four species were collected from 1,260 shrews and rodents at nine counties across lowland Taiwan. Nosopsyllus nicanus Jordan (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) and Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) were the most abundant flea species (79.0 and 14.6% of total fleas, respectively); the former was largely limited to the islets, while the latter was restricted to the Taiwan main island. Rattus losea Swinhoe (Rodentia: Muridae) was the most common small mammal species (49.3% of total) and hosted the majority of fleas (88.3% of total). Five Rickettsia spp., including Rickettsia conorii Brumpt (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Rickettsia felis Bouyer et al. Rickettsia japonica Uchida, Rickettsia raoultii Mediannikov, and Rickettsia rickettsii Brumpt or closely related species, were identified from 67 individually assayed fleas based on ompB and gltA genes. Rickettsia felis, mainly transmitted by fleas, was detected in one X. cheopis in southern Taiwan where a confirmed human case of infection with R. felis has been reported. The presence of R. felis, along with the other four tick-borne Rickettsia spp., demonstrates that a variety of rickettsiae circulate in rural lowland Taiwan and could pose risks to human health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2585 , 1938-2928
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz194
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031006-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    The implications of catheter ablation for solitary atrial flutter in preventing stroke risk: a nationwide population-based cohort study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  EP Europace Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 1558-1566
    Details
    In: EP Europace, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 1558-1566
    Abstract: The implications of ablation for atrial fibrillation in preventing stroke are controversial, and no studies have investigated whether ablation prevents ischaemic stroke (IS) in atrial flutter (AFL). Methods and results This study analysed data contained in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for 16 765 patients with a first diagnosis of solitary AFL during 2001–2013. Eligible patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they had received ablation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to mitigate the effects of potential confounding factors. The primary outcome was occurrence of IS during follow-up. After 1:2 PSM, the analysis included 1037 patients in the ablation group and 2074 patients in the non-ablation group. The incidence of IS was lower in the ablation group compared to the non-ablation group [subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.90] during the 2-year follow-up period but not thereafter (SHR 1.03, 95% CI 0.72–1.48). When grouping by stroke history, it revealed that ablation affected the incidence of stroke in patients without history of stroke (SHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.38–0.91) but not in patients with history of stroke. When each group was stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc score, ablation lowered the incidence of stroke in patients with CHA2DS2-VASc ≤3 (SHR 0.31, 95% CI 0.16–0.60) but not in patients with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥4 in the initial 2-year follow-up. Conclusion The different incidence of IS in patients with/without ablation indicates that ablation reduces the risk of IS in AFL patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1099-5129 , 1532-2092
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa164
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002579-8
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  • 10
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    HBsAg Profiles in Patients Receiving Peginterferon Alfa‐2a plus Ribavirin for the Treatment of Dual Chronic Infection with Hepatitis B and C Viruses
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 202, No. 1 ( 2010-07), p. 86-92
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 202, No. 1 ( 2010-07), p. 86-92
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1899 , 1537-6613
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/653013
    DOI: 10.1086/653209
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473843-0
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