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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (41)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High-Throughput CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis Streamlines Trait Gene Identification in Maize
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  The Plant Cell Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2020-05-05), p. 1397-1413
    Details
    In: The Plant Cell, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2020-05-05), p. 1397-1413
    Abstract: Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops in the world. However, few agronomically important maize genes have been cloned and used for trait improvement, due to its complex genome and genetic architecture. Here, we integrated multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9-based high-throughput targeted mutagenesis with genetic mapping and genomic approaches to successfully target 743 candidate genes corresponding to traits relevant for agronomy and nutrition. After low-cost barcode-based deep sequencing, 412 edited sequences covering 118 genes were precisely identified from individuals showing clear phenotypic changes. The profiles of the associated gene-editing events were similar to those identified in human cell lines and consequently are predictable using an existing algorithm originally designed for human studies. We observed unexpected but frequent homology-directed repair through endogenous templates that was likely caused by spatial contact between distinct chromosomes. Based on the characterization and interpretation of gene function from several examples, we demonstrate that the integration of forward and reverse genetics via a targeted mutagenesis library promises rapid validation of important agronomic genes for crops with complex genomes. Beyond specific findings, this study also guides further optimization of high-throughput CRISPR experiments in plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1532-298X , 1040-4651
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00934
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 623171-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004373-9
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  • 2
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    Reactant enrichment in hollow void of Pt NPs@MnOx nanoreactors for boosting hydrogenation performance
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  National Science Review Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2023-09-04)
    Details
    In: National Science Review, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2023-09-04)
    Abstract: In confined mesoscopic spaces, the unraveling of a catalytic mechanism with complex mass transfer and adsorption processes such as reactant enrichment is a great challenge. In this study, a hollow nanoarchitecture of MnOx-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles was designed as a nanoreactor to investigate the reactant enrichment in a mesoscopic hollow void. By employing advanced characterization techniques, we found that the reactant-enrichment behavior is derived from directional diffusion of the reactant driven through the local concentration gradient and this increased the amount of reactant. Combining experimental results with density functional theory calculations, the superior cinnamyl alcohol (COL) selectivity originates from the selective adsorption of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) and the rapid formation and desorption of COL in the MnOx shell. The superb performance of 95% CAL conversion and 95% COL selectivity is obtained at only 0.5 MPa H2 and 40 min. Our findings showcase that a rationally designed nanoreactor could boost catalytic performance in chemoselective hydrogenation, which can be of great aid and potential in various application scenarios.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2095-5138 , 2053-714X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad201
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745465-4
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  • 3
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    mTOR pathway repressing expression of FoxO3 is a potential mechanism involved in neonatal white matter dysplasia
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Human Molecular Genetics Vol. 31, No. 15 ( 2022-08-17), p. 2508-2520
    Details
    In: Human Molecular Genetics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 31, No. 15 ( 2022-08-17), p. 2508-2520
    Abstract: Neonatal white matter dysplasia (NWMD) is characterized by developmental abnormity of CNS white matter, including abnormal myelination. Besides environmental factors such as suffocation at birth, genetic factors are also main causes. Signaling pathway is an important part of gene function and several signaling pathways play important roles in myelination. Here, we performed genetic analysis on a cohort of 138 patients with NWMD and found that 20% (5/25) cause genes which referred to 28.57% (8/28) patients enriched in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Depletion of mTOR reduced genesis and proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) during embryonic stage and reduced myelination in corpus callosum besides cerebellum and spinal cord during early postnatal stages which is related to not only differentiation but also proliferation of oligodendrocyte (OL). Transcriptomic analyses indicated that depletion of mTOR in OLs upregulated expression of forkhead box O3 (FoxO3), which is a repressor of expression of myelin basic protein, and downregulating expression of FoxO3 by short interfering RNA promoted OPCs develop into MBP+ OLs. Thus, our findings suggested that mTOR signaling pathway is NWMD-related pathway and mTOR is important for myelination of the entire CNS during early developmental stages through regulating expression of FoxO3 at least partially.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0964-6906 , 1460-2083
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac049
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474816-2
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  • 4
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    A merger shock in Abell 1367
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters Vol. 486, No. 1 ( 2019-06-11), p. L36-L40
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 486, No. 1 ( 2019-06-11), p. L36-L40
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-3925 , 1745-3933
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slz049
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2190759-6
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  • 5
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    Submillimetre galaxies in two massive protoclusters at z  = 2.24: witnessing the enrichment of extreme starbursts in the outskirts of HAE density peaks
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 512, No. 4 ( 2022-04-10), p. 4893-4908
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 512, No. 4 ( 2022-04-10), p. 4893-4908
    Abstract: Submillimetre galaxies represent a rapid growth phase of both star formation and massive galaxies. Mapping SMGs in galaxy protoclusters provides key insights into where and how these extreme starbursts take place in connections with the assembly of the large-scale structure in the early Universe. We search for SMGs at 850 $\rm{\mu m}$ using JCMT/SCUBA-2 in two massive protoclusters at z = 2.24, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, and detect 43 and 54 sources with S850 & gt; 4 mJy at the 4σ level within an effective area of 264 arcmin2, respectively. We construct the intrinsic number counts and find that the abundance of SMGs is 2.0 ± 0.3 and 2.1 ± 0.2 times that of the general fields, confirming that BOSS1244 and BOSS1542 contain a higher fraction of dusty galaxies with strongly enhanced star formation. The volume densities of the SMGs are estimated to be ∼15–30 times the average, significantly higher than the overdensity factor (∼6) traced by H α emission-line galaxies (HAEs). More importantly, we discover a prominent offset between the spatial distributions of the two populations in these two protoclusters – SMGs are mostly located around the high-density regions of HAEs, and few are seen inside these regions. This finding may have revealed for the first time the occurrence of violent star formation enhancement in the outskirts of the HAE density peaks, likely driven by the boosting of gas supplies and/or starburst triggering events. Meanwhile, the lack of SMGs inside the most overdense regions at z ∼ 2 implies a transition to the environment disfavouring extreme starbursts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac824
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 6
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    What boost galaxy mergers in two massive galaxy protoclusters at z  = 2.24?
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 523, No. 2 ( 2023-05-30), p. 2422-2439
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 523, No. 2 ( 2023-05-30), p. 2422-2439
    Abstract: Characterizing the structural properties of galaxies in high-redshift protoclusters is key to our understanding of the environmental effects on galaxy evolution in the early stages of galaxy and structure formation. In this study, we assess the structural properties of 85 and 87 Hα emission-line candidates (HAEs) in the densest regions of two massive protoclusters, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, respectively, using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) H-band imaging data. Our results show a true pair fraction of 22 ± 5 (33 ± 6) per cent in BOSS1244 (BOSS1542), which yields a merger rate of 0.41 ± 0.09 (0.52 ± 0.04) Gyr−1 for massive HAEs with log (M*/M⊙) ≥ 10.3. This rate is 1.8 (2.8) times higher than that of the general fields at the same epoch. Our sample of HAEs exhibits half-light radii and Sérsic indices that cover a broader range than field star-forming galaxies. Additionally, about 15 per cent of the HAEs are as compact as the most massive (log (M*/M⊙) ≳ 11) spheroid-dominated population. These results suggest that the high galaxy density and cold dynamical state (i.e. velocity dispersion of & lt;400 km s−1) are key factors that drive galaxy mergers and promote structural evolution in the two protoclusters. Our findings also indicate that both the local environment (on group scales) and the global environment play essential roles in shaping galaxy morphologies in protoclusters. This is evident in the systematic differences observed in the structural properties of galaxies between BOSS1244 and BOSS1542.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad1543
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
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  • 7
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    Characteristics of chitin synthase ( CHS ) gene and its function in polyspermy blocking in the blood clam Tegillarca granosa
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Molluscan Studies Vol. 82, No. 4 ( 2016-11), p. 550-557
    Details
    In: Journal of Molluscan Studies, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 82, No. 4 ( 2016-11), p. 550-557
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0260-1230 , 1464-3766
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyw018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482517-X
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  • 8
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    Systematic biases in determining dust attenuation curves through galaxy SED fitting
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 511, No. 1 ( 2022-02-02), p. 765-783
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 511, No. 1 ( 2022-02-02), p. 765-783
    Abstract: While the slope of the dust attenuation curve (δ) is found to correlate with effective dust attenuation (AV) as obtained through spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, it remains unknown how the fitting degeneracies shape this relation. We examine the degeneracy effects by fitting SEDs of a sample of local star-forming galaxies (SFGs) selected from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey, in conjunction with mock galaxy SEDs of known attenuation parameters. A well-designed declining starburst star formation history is adopted to generate model SED templates with intrinsic UV slope (β0) spanning over a reasonably wide range. The best-fitting β0 for our sample SFGs shows a wide coverage, dramatically differing from the limited range of β0 & lt; −2.2 for a starburst of constant star formation. Our results show that strong degeneracies between β0, δ, and AV in the SED fitting induce systematic biases leading to a false AV–δ correlation. Our simulation tests reveal that this relationship can be well reproduced even when a flat AV–δ relation is taken to build the input model galaxy SEDs. The variations in best-fitting δ are dominated by the fitting errors. We show that assuming a starburst with constant star formation in SED fitting will result in a steeper attenuation curve, smaller degeneracy errors, and a stronger AV–δ relation. Our findings confirm that the AV–δ relation obtained through SED fitting is likely driven by the systematic biases induced by the fitting degeneracies between β0, δ, and AV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
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  • 9
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    The Dust Attenuation Scaling Relation of Star-Forming Galaxies in the eagle Simulations
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Abstract: Dust attenuation in star-forming galaxies (SFGs), as parameterized by the infrared excess (IRX ≡ LIR/LUV), is found to be tightly correlated with star formation rate (SFR), metallicity and galaxy size, following a universal IRX relation up to z = 3. This scaling relation can provide a fundamental constraint for theoretical models to reconcile galaxy star formation, chemical enrichment, and structural evolution across cosmic time. We attempt to reproduce the universal IRX relation over 0.1 ≤ z ≤ 2.5 using the EAGLE hydrodynamical simulations and examine sensitive parameters in determining galaxy dust attenuation. Our findings show that while the predicted universal IRX relation from EAGLE approximately aligns with observations at z ≤ 0.5, noticeable disparities arise at different stellar masses and higher redshifts. Specifically, we investigate how modifying various galaxy parameters can affect the predicted universal IRX relation in comparison to the observed data. We demonstrate that the simulated gas-phase metallicity is the critical quantity for the shape of the predicted universal IRX relation. We find that the influence of the infrared luminosity and infrared excess is less important while galaxy size has virtually no significant effect. Overall, the EAGLE simulations are not able to replicate some of the observed characteristics between IRX and galaxy parameters of SFGs, emphasizing the need for further investigation and testing for our current state-of-the-art theoretical models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae047
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
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  • 10
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    The cosmic environment overtakes the local density in shaping galaxy star formation
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 510, No. 2 ( 2022-01-07), p. 3071-3084
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 510, No. 2 ( 2022-01-07), p. 3071-3084
    Abstract: The gas supply from the cosmic web is the key to sustain star formation in galaxies. It remains to be explored how the cosmic large-scale structure (LSS) effects on galaxy evolution at given local environments. We examine galaxy-specific star formation rate as a function of local density in a LSS at z = 0.735 in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South. The LSS is mapped by 732 galaxies with R & lt; 24 mag and redshift at 0.72 ≤ z ≤ 0.75 collected from the literature and our spectroscopic observations with Magellan/IMACS, consisting of five galaxy clusters/groups and surrounding filaments over an area of 23.9 × 22.7 co-moving Mpc2. The spread of spectroscopic redshifts corresponds a velocity dispersion of 494 km s−1, indicating the LSS likely to be a thin sheet with a galaxy density ≳ 3.9 times that of the general field. These clusters/groups in this LSS mostly exhibit elongated morphologies and multiple components connected with surrounding filaments. Strikingly, we find that star-forming galaxies in the LSS keep star formation at the same level as field, and show no dependence on local density but stellar mass. Meanwhile, an increasing fraction of quiescent galaxies is detected at increasing local density in both the LSS and the field, consistent with the expectation that galaxy mass and local dense environment hold the key to quench star formation. Combined together, we conclude that the cosmic environment of the LSS overtakes the local environment in remaining galaxy star formation to the level of the field.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab3633
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
    SSG: 16,12
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