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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (84)
  • 1
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    Changes in Glycosphingolipid Composition During Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Ectodermal or Endodermal Lineages
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  Stem Cells Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2011-12-01), p. 1995-2004
    Details
    In: Stem Cells, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2011-12-01), p. 1995-2004
    Abstract: Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are ubiquitous components of cell membranes that can act as mediators of cell adhesion and signal transduction and can possibly be used as cell type-specific markers. Our previous study indicated that there was a striking switch in the core structures of GSLs during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into embryoid body (EB), suggesting a close association of GSLs with cell differentiation. In this study, to further clarify if alterations in GSL patterns are correlated with lineage-specific differentiation of hESCs, we analyzed changes in GSLs as hESCs were differentiated into neural progenitors or endodermal cells by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses. During hESC differentiation into neural progenitor cells, we found that the core structures of GSLs switched from globo- and lacto- to mostly ganglio-series dominated by GD3. On the other hand, when hESCs were differentiated into endodermal cells, patterns of GSLs totally differed from those observed in EB outgrowth and neural progenitors. The most prominent GSL identified by the MALDI-MS and MS/MS analysis was Gb4Ceramide, with no appreciable amount of stage-specific embryonic antigens 3 or 4, or GD3, in endodermal cells. These changes in GSL profiling were accompanied by alterations in the biosynthetic pathways of expressions of key glycosyltransferases. Our findings suggest that changes in GSLs are closely associated with lineage specificity and differentiation of hESCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-5099 , 1549-4918
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/stem.750
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 2
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    Ultracompact X-ray binaries with He star companions
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 506, No. 3 ( 2021-08-06), p. 4654-4666
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 506, No. 3 ( 2021-08-06), p. 4654-4666
    Abstract: Ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) are low-mass X-ray binaries with hydrogen-deficient mass donors and ultrashort orbital periods. They have been suggested to be the potential Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) sources in the low-frequency region. Several channels for the formation of UCXBs have been proposed so far. In this paper, we carried out a systematic study on the He star donor channel, in which a neutron star (NS) accretes matter from a He main-sequence (MS) star through Roche lobe overflow, where the mass transfer is driven by the gravitational wave radiation. First, we followed the long-term evolution of the NS+He MS binaries by employing the stellar evolution code Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (mesa ), and thereby obtained the initial parameter spaces for the production of UCXBs. We then used these results to perform a detailed binary population synthesis approach to obtain the Galactic rates of UCXBs through this channel. We estimate the Galactic rates of UCXBs appearing as LISA sources to be ${\sim} 3.1\!-\!11.9\, \rm Myr^{-1}$ through this channel, and the number of such UCXB-LISA sources in the Galaxy can reach about 1–26 calibrated by observations. This work indicates that the He star donor channel may contribute significantly to the Galactic UCXB formation rate. We found that the evolutionary tracks of UCXBs through this channel can account for the location of the five transient sources with relatively long orbital periods quite well. We also found that such UCXBs can be identified by their locations in the mass-transfer rate versus the orbital period diagram.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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    SSG: 16,12
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  • 3
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    Serotonin Enhances Megakaryopoiesis and Proplatelet Formation via p-Erk1/2 and F-Actin Reorganization
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  Stem Cells Vol. 32, No. 11 ( 2014-11-01), p. 2973-2982
    Details
    In: Stem Cells, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 32, No. 11 ( 2014-11-01), p. 2973-2982
    Abstract: Our previous studies have shown that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is a growth factor for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. In this study, we proposed a possible mechanism: 5-HT may enhance megakaryopoiesis and proplatelet formation via Erk1/2 pathway and cytoskeleton reorganization. Here, 5-HT2BR was first identified in megakaryocytic cells. 5-HT also promoted the megakaryocytes (MKs) proliferation and reduced the cell apoptosis via the activation of 5-HT2BR and Akt pathway. The effects were reduced by the 5-HT2BR inhibitor ketanserin. The effect of 5-HT on proplatelet formation in bone marrow MKs were further confirmed: the 5-HT treated group had more proplatelet bearing MKs compared with the control group. To determine whether 5-HT has effects on cytoskeleton reorganization of MKs, and whether these effects could be reduced by ketanserin or Erk1/2 inhibitor PD98059, MKs were stained with the F-actin specific binder rhodamine–phalloidin. The polymerized actin level was lower in the control group than the 5-HT group and was distributed throughout the cytoplasm with occasional aggregations. Our data demonstrated that Erk1/2 was activated in MKs treated with 5-HT. This study suggests that 5-HT has a potent effect on platelet formation and this effect is likely mediated via 5HT2BR with subsequent activation of p-Erk1/2 and consequent F-actin reorganization and proplatelet formation. We also demonstrated that melatonin, the metabolite of 5-HT, exerts a protective effect on MK and platelet recovery in the irradiated mouse model. This study suggested that 5-HT plays an important role in platelet formation via 5HT2BR, p-Erk1/2, and F-actin reorganization. Stem Cells  2014;32:2973–2982
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1066-5099 , 1549-4918
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/stem.1777
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 4
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    Targeting PDGFRα-activated glioblastoma through specific inhibition of SHP-2–mediated signaling
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2019-11-04), p. 1423-1435
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2019-11-04), p. 1423-1435
    Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor, with dismal median survival. Treatment of GBM is particularly challenging given the intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy and difficulty of drugs to reach the tumor beds due to the blood–brain barrier. Here, we examined the efficacy of SHP099, a potent, selective, and oral SHP-2 inhibitor for treating GBM with activated platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) signaling. Methods The effects of SHP099 on cell survival of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), GBM cell lines, and patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) were evaluated. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of SHP099 and its ability to inhibit SHP-2 signaling were assessed. SHP099 efficacy as a single agent or in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) was assessed using transformed mouse astrocyte and GSC orthotopic xenograft models. Results Activated PDGFRα signaling in established GBM cells, GSCs, and transformed mouse astrocytes was significantly inhibited by SHP099 compared with NPCs in vitro and in vivo through targeting SHP-2–stimulated activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 in GBM. SHP099 treatment specifically inhibited expression of JUN, a downstream effector of PDGFR signaling, thereby attenuating cell cycle progression in GBM cells with activated PDGFRα. Moreover, SHP099 accumulated at efficacious concentrations in the brain and effectively inhibited orthotopic GBM tumor xenograft growth. SHP099 exhibited antitumor activity either as a single agent or in combination with TMZ and provided significant survival benefits for GBM tumor xenograft-bearing animals. Conclusions Our data demonstrate the utility and feasibility of SHP099 as a potential therapeutic option for improving the clinical treatment of GBM in combination with TMZ.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz107
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
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    Fundamental parameters for 30 faint open clusters with Gaia EDR3 based on the more reliable members
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Vol. 73, No. 6 ( 2021-12-02), p. 1486-1496
    Details
    In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 73, No. 6 ( 2021-12-02), p. 1486-1496
    Abstract: An open cluster is an ideal region to study the evolution of stars. In this work, we use Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) to derive the fundamental parameters of 30 faint open clusters listed in the catalogue given by Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2018, A & A, 618, A93), but the G magnitude of all of the member stars of that catalogue is brighter than ∼18 mag. This catalogue does not provide isochrone fitting parameters and spatial structure parameters. We acquired the member stars of 30 open clusters using the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise algorithm in Gaia EDR3. The G magnitude of the member stars using our method can be found down to ∼21 mag. The G-band, GBP-band, and GRP-band data of the member stars construct a good color–magnitude diagram, which can further ensure the precision of isochrone fitting. We also calculated the spatial structure parameters, which are the core radius and the limiting radius, using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-6264 , 2053-051X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psab091
    RVK:
    US 1090
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
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    Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Abstract: The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 7
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    Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Database Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-01)
    Details
    In: Database, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-01)
    Abstract: Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-0463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/database/baz085
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2496706-3
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  • 8
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    Impact of archived M184V/I mutation on the effectiveness of switch to co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide among virally suppressed people living with HIV
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Vol. 75, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 2986-2993
    Details
    In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 10 ( 2020-10-01), p. 2986-2993
    Abstract: Real-world experience regarding the effectiveness of co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/C/FTC/TAF) as a switch regimen is sparse among people living with HIV (PLWH) harbouring the M184V/I mutation with or without thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs). Methods In this retrospective multicentre study, PLWH who were switched to EVG/C/FTC/TAF after having achieved viral suppression (plasma HIV RNA & lt;200 copies/mL) for 6 months or longer were included. Patients with archived M184V/I mutation (case patients) were matched to controls without M184V/I mutation at a 1:4 ratio. Patients with a history of virological failure or resistance to elvitegravir were excluded. The primary endpoint was virological non-success (plasma HIV RNA ≥50 copies/mL) at Week 48 of switch using a modified FDA snapshot analysis. Results Overall, 100 case patients with the M184V/I mutation were identified, including 6 (6.0%) with K65R and 13 (13.0%) with at least one TAM, and were matched to 400 controls in terms of gender, age (mean = 40.3 versus 39.7 years) and cumulative exposure duration to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (median = 146 versus 143 weeks). At Week 48, the rate of virological non-success for the case patients and controls was 5.0% (5/100) and 3.3% (13/400), respectively (difference = 1.7%; 95% CI = −2.9%–6.3%), while the rate of virological success was 88.0% and 89.5% for the case patients and controls, respectively. The presence of the K65R mutation or TAMs was not associated with virological non-response. Conclusions Among virally suppressed PLWH, EVG/C/FTC/TAF is effective in maintaining viral suppression at Week 48 despite archived M184V/I mutation with or without TAMs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-7453 , 1460-2091
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa287
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467478-6
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  • 9
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    Corrigendum to: The TianQin project: current progress on science and technology
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Vol. 2021, No. 5 ( 2021-05-18)
    Details
    In: Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2021, No. 5 ( 2021-05-18)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-3911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ptep/ptaa165
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2705045-2
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  • 10
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    The TianQin project: Current progress on science and technology
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Vol. 2021, No. 5 ( 2021-05-18)
    Details
    In: Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2021, No. 5 ( 2021-05-18)
    Abstract: TianQin is a planned space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory consisting of three Earth-orbiting satellites with an orbital radius of about $10^5 \, {\rm km}$. The satellites will form an equilateral triangle constellation the plane of which is nearly perpendicular to the ecliptic plane. TianQin aims to detect GWs between $10^{-4} \, {\rm Hz}$ and $1 \, {\rm Hz}$ that can be generated by a wide variety of important astrophysical and cosmological sources, including the inspiral of Galactic ultra-compact binaries, the inspiral of stellar-mass black hole binaries, extreme mass ratio inspirals, the merger of massive black hole binaries, and possibly the energetic processes in the very early universe and exotic sources such as cosmic strings. In order to start science operations around 2035, a roadmap called the 0123 plan is being used to bring the key technologies of TianQin to maturity, supported by the construction of a series of research facilities on the ground. Two major projects of the 0123 plan are being carried out. In this process, the team has created a new-generation $17 \, {\rm cm}$ single-body hollow corner-cube retro-reflector which was launched with the QueQiao satellite on 21 May 2018; a new laser-ranging station equipped with a $1.2 \, {\rm m}$ telescope has been constructed and the station has successfully ranged to all five retro-reflectors on the Moon; and the TianQin-1 experimental satellite was launched on 20 December 2019—the first-round result shows that the satellite has exceeded all of its mission requirements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-3911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ptep/ptaa114
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2705045-2
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