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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dopamine agonist therapy of clinically non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas. Is there a role for 123I-epidepride dopamine D2 receptor imaging?
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2006
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 155, No. 5 ( 2006-11), p. 717-723
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 155, No. 5 ( 2006-11), p. 717-723
    Abstract: Objective : Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) can express functional dopamine D2 receptors. Therapy with dopamine (DA) agonists may result in a NFPA size reduction. However, DA agonist-sensitive and -resistant NFPAs are clinically indistinguishable. We have studied the correlation between in vivo imaging of D2 receptors using 123 I-epidepride and the radiological response of NFPA to DA in 18 patients. Methods : Patients were treated with either cabergoline (1–2 mg/week) or quinagolide (150–300 μg/day) for a mean period of 89.7 months (range, 34–187 months). Results : Pituitary uptake of 123 I-epidepride varied from slight uptake classified as grade 0 to very high classified as grade 3. Grade 0 uptake was found in four patients; grade 1 in three; grade 2 in ten, and grade 3 in one. NFPA stabilization or shrinkage with DA agonist therapy showed no significant difference between grade 0, 1, and 2 tumors (mean tumor stabilization or shrinkage: 31, 30, and 36% respectively). However, when we considered a decrease in tumor size ranging from 0 to 20% as tumor stabilization and 〉 20% decrease in tumor size as true shrinkage, one out of four NFPAs with grade 1 uptake, two out of three with grade 1 uptake, and eight out of ten with grade 2 uptake showed tumor shrinkage. Conclusion : In conclusion, there is limited clinical usefulness of dopamine D2 receptor imaging for predicting the clinical efficacy of DA agonist in selected patients with NFPAs. DA agonist therapy in NFPAs can result in tumor stabilization and shrinkage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/eje.1.02281
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum chromogranin A in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1994
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 131, No. 6 ( 1994-12), p. 589-593
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 131, No. 6 ( 1994-12), p. 589-593
    Abstract: Nobels FRE, de Herder WW, Kwekkeboom DJ, Coopmans W, Mulder A, Bouillon R, Lamberts SWJ. Serum chromogranin A in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 1994:131:589–93. ISSN 0804–4643 We evaluated whether measuring serum levels of chromogranin A, a marker of neuroendocrine tumours, could be useful in the differential diagnosis between pituitary, adrenal and ectopic causes of Cushing's syndrome. Thirty patients with Cushing's syndrome were studied. The localization of the tumours responsible was pituitary in 15, adrenal in 5 and ectopic in 10 patients. Serum concentrations of chromogranin A were measured in all patients. Petrosal sinus sampling for chromogranin A was performed in the cases with pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome. Immunohistochemical staining for chromogranin A was carried out on part of the tumour specimens. Slightly elevated serum levels of chromogranin A (range 223–262 μg/1) were detected in inferior petrosal sinus and peripheral venous samples from three patients with pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome. Serum chromogranin A showed no significant pituitary to peripheral gradient in these patients. Chromogranin A levels were not elevated in cases of adrenal Cushing's syndrome. Markedly elevated concentrations (range 270–13900 μg/1) were shown in seven of 10 patients with neuroendocrine tumours with ectopic adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and/or corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) production. Widespread metastasis was present in all these cases. Subjects with "occult" carcinoid tumours, with limited spread, had normal chromogranin A levels Immunohistochemical staining for chromogranin A was positive in three out of five pituitary adenomas and in all neuroendocrine tumours with ectopic ACTH and/or CRH production, while it was negative in all adrenocortical tumour specimens. It is concluded that elevated serum levels of chromogranin A can serve as markers of neuroendocrine tumours with ectopic ACTH and/or CRH production. The circulating levels are dependent mainly on the size of the tumours. Serum chromogranin A is not useful in the diagnosis of so-called occult Cushing's syndrome, caused by ectopic ACTH and/or CRH secretion by small neuroendocrine tumours. F Nobels, Department of Endocrinology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hospital, 164 Moorselbaan, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1310589
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diagnostic imaging of dopamine receptors in pituitary adenomas
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2007
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 156, No. suppl_1 ( 2007-04), p. S53-S56
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 156, No. suppl_1 ( 2007-04), p. S53-S56
    Abstract: Dopamine D2 receptor scintigraphy of pituitary adenomas is feasible by single-photon emission computed tomography using 123 I-S-(−)- N -[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-2-hydroxy-3-iodo-6-methoxybenzamide ( 123 I-IBZM) and 123 I-epidepride. 123 I-epidepride is generally superior to 123 I-IBZM for the visualization of D2 receptors on pituitary macroadenomas. However, 123 I-IBZM and 123 I-epidepride scintigraphy are generally not useful to predict the response to dopaminergic treatment in pituitary tumour patients. These techniques might allow discrimination of non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas from other non-tumour pathologies in the sellar region. Dopamine D2 receptors on pituitary tumours can also be studied using positron emission tomography with 11 C-N-raclopride and 11 C-N-methylspiperone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/eje.1.02349
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    GEP–NETs UPDATE: Radionuclide therapy in neuroendocrine tumors
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2015
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 172, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. R1-R8
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 172, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. R1-R8
    Abstract: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a promising new treatment modality for inoperable or metastasized gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) patients. Most studies report objective response rates in 15–35% of patients. Also, outcome in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival compares very favorably with that for somatostatin analogs, chemotherapy, or new, ‘targeted’ therapies. They also compare favorably to PFS data for liver-directed therapies. Two decades after the introduction of PRRT, there is a growing need for randomized controlled trials comparing PRRT to ‘standard’ treatment, that is treatment with agents that have proven benefit when tested in randomized trials. Combining PRRT with liver-directed therapies or with targeted therapies could improve treatment results. The question to be answered, however, is whether a combination of therapies performed within a limited time-span from one another results in a better PFS than a strategy in which other therapies are reserved until after (renewed) tumor progression. Randomized clinical trials comparing PRRT with other treatment modalities should be undertaken to determine the best treatment options and treatment sequelae for patients with GEPNETs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/EJE-14-0488
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The peripheral blood compartment in patients with Graves' disease: activated T lymphocytes and increased transitional and pre-naive mature B lymphocytes
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2013
    In:  Clinical and Experimental Immunology Vol. 174, No. 2 ( 2013-10-06), p. 256-264
    Details
    In: Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 174, No. 2 ( 2013-10-06), p. 256-264
    Abstract: Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease that involves aberrant B and T lymphocyte responses. Detailed knowledge about lymphocyte subpopulation composition will therefore enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of GD and might support the development of new immunomodulatory treatment approaches. The aim of this study was to gain detailed insight into the composition of the peripheral blood lymphocyte compartment in GD before and during anti-thyroid drug therapy. Major B and T lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from newly diagnosed GD patients (n = 5), GD patients treated with anti-thyroid drugs (n = 4), patients with recurrent GD (n = 7) and healthy controls (HC; n = 10). In GD patients, numbers of activated T lymphocytes [human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR)+ and CD25+] were increased. The B lymphocyte compartment in GD was characterized by significantly higher numbers of transitional (CD38highCD27−, P  & lt; 0·03) and pre-naive mature (CD38lowCD27−IgD+CD5+, P  & lt; 0·04) B lymphocytes, while memory populations were slightly decreased. The increased numbers of CD5+, transitional and pre-naive mature B lymphocytes correlated positively with fT4 plasma levels. GD is associated with increased numbers of activated T lymphocytes and transitional and pre-naive mature CD5+ B lymphocytes within the peripheral blood. The increase in CD5+ B lymphocytes was due mainly to an increase in transitional and pre-naive mature B lymphocytes. Increased fT4 plasma levels might be associated with this increase in transitional and pre-naive mature CD5+ B lymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1365-2249 , 0009-9104
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cei.12183
    RVK:
    XA 36770
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020024-9
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