Abstract: To explore the cut-off values of haemoglobin (Hb) on adverse clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on a national-level database. Methods The observational cohort study was from the Peritoneal Dialysis Telemedicine-assisted Platform (PDTAP) dataset. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and modified MACE (MACE+). The secondary outcomes were the occurrences of hospitalization, first-episode peritonitis and permanent transfer to haemodialysis (HD). Results A total of 2591 PD patients were enrolled between June 2016 and April 2019 and followed up until December 2020. Baseline and time-averaged Hb & lt;100 g/l were associated with all-cause mortality, MACE, MACE+ and hospitalizations. After multivariable adjustments, only time-averaged Hb & lt;100 g/l significantly predicted a higher risk for all-cause mortality {hazard ratio [HR] 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–281] , P = .006}, MACE [HR 1.99 (95% CI 1.16–3.40), P = .012] and MACE+ [HR 1.77 (95% CI 1.15–2.73), P = .010] in the total cohort. No associations between Hb and hospitalizations, transfer to HD and first-episode peritonitis were observed. Among patients with Hb ≥100 g/l at baseline, younger age, female, use of iron supplementation, lower values of serum albumin and renal Kt/V independently predicted the incidence of Hb & lt;100 g/l during the follow-up. Conclusion This study provided real-world evidence on the cut-off value of Hb for predicting poorer outcomes through a nation-level prospective PD cohort.

Abstract: Organismal aging is driven by interconnected molecular changes encompassing internal and extracellular factors. Combinational analysis of high-throughput ‘multi-omics’ datasets (gathering information from genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and pharmacogenomics), at either populational or single-cell levels, can provide a multi-dimensional, integrated profile of the heterogeneous aging process with unprecedented throughput and detail. These new strategies allow for the exploration of the molecular profile and regulatory status of gene expression during aging, and in turn, facilitate the development of new aging interventions. With a continually growing volume of valuable aging-related data, it is necessary to establish an open and integrated database to support a wide spectrum of aging research. The Aging Atlas database aims to provide a wide range of life science researchers with valuable resources that allow access to a large-scale of gene expression and regulation datasets created by various high-throughput omics technologies. The current implementation includes five modules: transcriptomics (RNA-seq), single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), epigenomics (ChIP-seq), proteomics (protein–protein interaction), and pharmacogenomics (geroprotective compounds). Aging Atlas provides user-friendly functionalities to explore age-related changes in gene expression, as well as raw data download services. Aging Atlas is freely available at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/aging/index.

Abstract: Many studies have demonstrated the high efficacy of cell-free nuclear DNA in cancer diagnostics. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exhibits distinct characteristics, including multiple copies per cell and higher mutation frequency. However, the potential applicability of cell-free mtDNA (cf-mtDNA) in plasma and urine remains poorly investigated. Methods Here, we comprehensively analyzed the fragmentomic and mutational characteristics of cf-mtDNA in urine and plasma samples from controls and cancer patients using next-generation sequencing. Results Compared to plasma cf-mtDNA, urine cf-mtDNA exhibited increased copy numbers and wider spread in fragment size distributions. Based on 2 independent animal models, urine cf-mtDNA originated predominantly from local shedding and transrenal excretion. Further analysis indicated an enhanced fragmentation of urine cf-mtDNA in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Using the mtDNA sequence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells for reference, the mutant fragments were shorter than wild-type fragments in urine cf-mtDNA. Size selection of short urine cf-mtDNA fragments ( & lt;150 bp) significantly enhanced the somatic mutation detection. Our data revealed remarkably different base proportions of fragment ends between urine and plasma cf-mtDNA that also were associated with fragment size. Moreover, both RCC and CRC patients exhibited significantly higher T-end and lower A-end proportions in urine cf-mtDNA than controls. By integrating the fragmentomic and mutational features of urine cf-mtDNA, our nomogram model exhibited a robust efficacy for cancer diagnosis. Conclusions Our proof-of-concept findings revealed aberrant fragmentation and mutation profiles of urine cf-mtDNA in cancer patients that have diagnostic potential.

Abstract: Metal implants are used worldwide, with millions of nails, plates, and fixtures grafted during orthopedic surgeries. Iron is the most common element of these metal implants. As time passes, implants can be corroded and iron can be released. Ionized iron permeates the surrounding tissues and enters circulation; importantly, iron ions pass through the blood–brain barrier. Can iron from implants represent a risk factor for neurological diseases? This remains an unanswered question. In this study, we discovered that patients with metal implants delivered through orthopedic surgeries have higher incidence of Parkinson’s disease or ischemic stroke compared to patients who underwent similar surgeries but did not have implants. Concentration of serum iron and ferritin was increased in subjects with metal implants. In experiments in vivo, we found that injection of iron dextran selectively decreased the presence of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in neurons through increasing the expression of Ndfip1, which degrades DMT1 and does not exist in glial cells. At the same time, excess of iron increased expression of DMT1 in astrocytes and microglial cells and triggered reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis. Facing the attack of excess iron, glial cells act as neuroprotectors to accumulate more extracellular iron by upregulating DMT1, whereas neurons limit iron uptake through increasing DMT1 degradation. Cerebral accumulation of iron in animals is associated with impaired cognition, locomotion, and mood. Excess iron from surgical implants thus can affect neural cells and may be regarded as a risk factor for neurodegeneration.

Abstract: With the support and advocacy of the state, China's higher vocational education has actively tried and tried out the modern apprenticeship model. However, due to the late start of theoretical research, weak foundation and lack of practical experience, the development effect of modern apprenticeship is not ideal. For individual majors in higher vocational colleges, such as transportation, there is less applied research on educational psychology. Therefore, in the context of emotion regulation, it is very important to study the application of modern apprenticeship in Higher Vocational transportation specialty. Subjects and Methods In view of this, this paper selects higher vocational colleges, enterprises and students for online questionnaire survey from the perspective of educational psychology. The research objects include 25 National Demonstration Higher Vocational Colleges and provincial demonstration transportation higher vocational colleges; 22 enterprises are engaged in bridge and tunnel, road maintenance, traffic operation management, intelligent transportation and other industries, and have experience in school enterprise cooperation; 58 modern apprenticeship graduates. With the theme of “modern apprenticeship transportation talent training in Higher Vocational Colleges”, the questionnaire is designed around the hot issues in the development of modern apprenticeship, such as school enterprise cooperation, teaching staff, student management, employment welfare and so on. Better investigate the emotional changes of apprentices under the professional background. The study also used the auxiliary scale related to emotion, self rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), which was compiled by Zung in 1971. From the form of scale construction to the specific evaluation method, it is very similar to the self rating Depression Scale (SDS). It is also a self-evaluation scale with 20 items and four grades, which is used to evaluate the subjective feelings of the visitors. SAS is a very simple clinical tool for analyzing patients' subjective symptoms. 36 patients with neurosis were assessed by SAS and examined by HAMA scale. The correlation coefficient of Pearson correlation method and Spearman grade correlation coefficient of the total scores of the two tables were 0.36 and 0.341 respectively. The results showed that the validity of SAS was quite high. Foreign studies believe that SAS can accurately reflect the subjective feelings of psychiatric patients with anxiety tendency. Anxiety is a common emotional disorder in psychological counseling clinics. In recent years, SAS has been used as a self-assessment tool to understand anxiety symptoms in counseling clinics. Before the self-assessment, ask the self assessor to understand the filling method of the whole scale and the meaning of each question, and then make an independent self-assessment that is not affected by anyone. Before starting the assessment, the staff pointed to the SAS scale and told him: there are 20 words below. Please read each one carefully to understand the meaning, and then tick (√) in the appropriate box according to your actual situation in the last week. There are four squares after each text. Respectively represents no or little (occurrence), a small part of time, a considerable amount of time, most or all of the time. If the assessor's education level is too low to understand or understand the SAS problem content, the staff can read it to him, read it item by item, and let the assessor make the assessment independently. One assessment can generally be completed within ten minutes. Results Through the analysis of the survey results, it can be seen that higher vocational colleges and teachers have a high enthusiasm to participate in the implementation of modern apprenticeship, the training mode of modern apprenticeship is basically formed, and the training objectives are clear. Developing modern apprenticeship system can improve students' comprehensive professional quality and is of great help to students' employment and future development. Modern apprenticeship system can also meet the needs of talent training and bring certain benefits to enterprises. However, in the process of implementation, there are still some urgent problems to be solved, such as the lack of guarantee of teaching management and operation mechanism, the signing of contracts between enterprises and students, the weak professional foundation of students, weak work and so on. Environment, etc. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward some implementation strategies. For example, introduce “double qualified” teachers and pay attention to the cultivation of practical skills. Clarify the employment prospects of students and analyze the current employment situation. Formulate scientific apprentice assessment standards and flexible assessment mechanism. Attract government funds and strengthen school enterprise cooperation. Through the test of the anxiety level of students with employment prospects, the average total score of SAS is 42.98 ± 9.94. Among them, the score was 40.52 ± 6.62, and the score of 48 anxious students was 45.68 ± 11.23. The result of f-value test was not significant, P & gt; 0.05. It shows that SAS can not distinguish the severity and particularity of anxiety, and other self-rated anxiety scales must be applied at the same time. For other norm research results, the average value of 15 single scores of positive evaluation questions is 1.29 ± 0.98; The average score of the five reverse items is 2.08 ± 1.71, and the average value of the total score of 20 items is 29.78 ± 0.46, which can be used as the upper limit of the average value of the total score of the norm. Students with high employment prospects have a downward trend in anxiety level. Conclusions This paper studies the application of modern apprenticeship in Higher Vocational transportation specialty from the perspective of educational psychology. The results show that the implementation of modern apprenticeship talent training mode in China has promoted the reform of education and teaching and the transformation and upgrading of transportation, and can effectively promote the development of education. Acknowledgements This research was supported by Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (Research and Practice of International Talent Training Mode under the Background of “The Belt and Road Initiative”), Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering (Grant No. JG221011).

Abstract: The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC), part of the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB), provides a family of database resources to support global research in both academia and industry. With the explosively accumulated multi-omics data at ever-faster rates, CNCB-NGDC is constantly scaling up and updating its core database resources through big data archive, curation, integration and analysis. In the past year, efforts have been made to synthesize the growing data and knowledge, particularly in single-cell omics and precision medicine research, and a series of resources have been newly developed, updated and enhanced. Moreover, CNCB-NGDC has continued to daily update SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences, variants, haplotypes and literature. Particularly, OpenLB, an open library of bioscience, has been established by providing easy and open access to a substantial number of abstract texts from PubMed, bioRxiv and medRxiv. In addition, Database Commons is significantly updated by cataloguing a full list of global databases, and BLAST tools are newly deployed to provide online sequence search services. All these resources along with their services are publicly accessible at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn.

Abstract: Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) and CTP synthase (CTPS) are two metabolic enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of asparagine and CTP, respectively. Both CTPS and ASNS have been identified to form cytoophidia in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Glutamine is a common substrate for both these enzymes, and they play an important role in glutamine homeostasis. Here, we find that the ASNS cytoophidia are shorter than the CTPS cytoophidia, and that disruption of ASNS shortens the length of CTPS cytoophidia. However, the deletion of CTPS has no effect on the formation and length of ASNS cytoophidia, or on the ASNS protein level. We also find that Asn1 overexpression induces the formation of a multi-dot structure in diauxic phase which suggests that the increased protein level may trigger cytoophidia formation. Collectively, our results reveal a connection between ASNS cytoophidia and CTPS cytoophidia.