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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (17)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (17)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Machine learning risk prediction of mortality for patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2: the COVIDSurg mortality score
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 108, No. 11 ( 2021-11-11), p. 1274-1292
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 108, No. 11 ( 2021-11-11), p. 1274-1292
    Abstract: To support the global restart of elective surgery, data from an international prospective cohort study of 8492 patients (69 countries) was analysed using artificial intelligence (machine learning techniques) to develop a predictive score for mortality in surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2. We found that patient rather than operation factors were the best predictors and used these to create the COVIDsurg Mortality Score (https://covidsurgrisk.app). Our data demonstrates that it is safe to restart a wide range of surgical services for selected patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab183
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006309-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Abstract: The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006309-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    60Co-γ Radiation Alters Developmental Stages of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) Through Apoptosis Pathways Gene Expression
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Insect Science Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2021-09-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Insect Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2021-09-01)
    Abstract: Radiation is considered as a promising insect pest control strategy for minimizing postharvest yield losses. Among various techniques, irradiation is a method of choice as it induces lethal biochemical or molecular changes that cause a downstream cascade of abrupt physiological abnormalities at the cellular level. In this study, we evaluated the effect of 60Co-γ radiation on various developmental stages of Zeugodacus cucurbitae Coquillett and subsequent carry-over effects on the progeny. For this purpose, we treated eggs with 30- and 50-Gy radiation doses of 60Co-γ. We found that radiation significantly affected cellular antioxidants, insect morphology, and gene expression profiles. Our results indicate that in response to various doses of irradiation reactive oxygen species, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities were increased along with a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. We observed higher mortality rates during the pupal stage of the insects that hatched from irradiated eggs (50 Gy). Furthermore, the life span of the adults was reduced in response to 50 Gy radiation. The negative effects carried over to the next generation were marked by significantly lower fecundity in the F1 generation of the irradiation groups as compared to control. The radiation induced morphological abnormalities at the pupal, as well as the adult, stages. Furthermore, variations in the gene expression following irradiation are discussed. Taken together, our results signify the utility of 60Co-γ radiation for fruit fly postharvest management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1536-2442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab080
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049098-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Medical mortality in Pakistan: experience at a tertiary care hospital
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2009
    In:  Postgraduate Medical Journal Vol. 85, No. 1007 ( 2009-09-01), p. 470-474
    Details
    In: Postgraduate Medical Journal, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 85, No. 1007 ( 2009-09-01), p. 470-474
    Abstract: To acquire systematic data on the causes of hospital mortality in Pakistan, a developing country with scant mortality records. Study design Retrospective review of death certificates and hospital charts of patients dying on general and specialty medical services at our hospital during one calendar year. Results Of a total 10 590 admissions, 657 (6.2%) died in hospital. The deceased included 357 (54.4%) males and 299 (45.6%) females, with a collective median age of 63 years and mean length of stay 6.71 days (median 4 days, range 1–56 days). Primary cause of death was categorised as infectious (21.2%), pulmonary (17.2%), cancer related (15.7%), cardiovascular (12.6%), gastrointestinal and hepatic (10.8%), neurological (11.4%) and miscellaneous (11.1%). Within each category, the most common diagnoses were septicaemia (76.9% of infectious cases), pneumonia (55.7% of pulmonary cases), myocardial infarction (40.9% of cardiovascular), intracranial haemorrhage (37.3% of neurological), and cirrhosis (45.0% of gastrointestinal). There were multiple causes among malignant disorders with no single cause dominating. Patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary deaths tended to be older than the median age (p = 0.001), while patients with gastrointestinal and cancer related deaths tended to be younger than the median age (p = 0.001). Length of stay did not differ significantly among the various subgroups. About a quarter (26.4%) deaths occurred within 24 h of admission. Conclusions Infections, including septicaemia and pneumonia, are the leading causes of hospital mortality in our setting, followed by malignancy and cardiovascular causes. The overall mortality rate is comparable to published mortality data from other hospital settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0032-5473 , 1469-0756
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2008.074898
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009568-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tuberculous endocarditis: valvular and right atrial involvement
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2010-5), p. E13-E13
    Details
    In: European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2010-5), p. E13-E13
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-2412 , 2047-2404
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jep202
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042482-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2647943-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oesophageal duplication cyst mimicking cardiac mass
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2018-04-01), p. 469-469
    Details
    In: European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2018-04-01), p. 469-469
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-2404 , 2047-2412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jex326
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042482-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2647943-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    P831Physician-induced syncope: case series on over-treated hypertension
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  European Heart Journal Vol. 38, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-08-01)
    Details
    In: European Heart Journal, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 38, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-08-01)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0195-668X , 1522-9645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.P831
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001908-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A pebble clogging a river: a case report of thrombosed coronary aneurysmal ectasia
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  European Heart Journal - Case Reports Vol. 4, No. 6 ( 2020-12-01), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: European Heart Journal - Case Reports, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 4, No. 6 ( 2020-12-01), p. 1-5
    Abstract: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare anomaly that can present at any age. Predisposing risk factors include Kawasaki disease in a younger population and atherosclerosis in the older generation. We present a unique case of the management of a young woman diagnosed with multivessel CAE with aneurysmal changes in the setting of acute coronary syndrome and subsequently during pregnancy. Case summary A 23-year-old woman presented with acute onset chest pain. Electrocardiogram revealed no ischaemic changes; however, troponin I peaked at 16 ng/mL (reference range 0–0.04 ng/mL). Echocardiogram showed apical dyskinesis with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed multivessel CAE along with significant thrombus burden in an ectatic lesion of the left anterior descending artery. Since the patient was haemodynamically stable, conservative management with dual antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation was started. On follow-up, coronary computed tomographic angiogram illustrated resolution of the coronary thrombi and echocardiogram showed improvement to the apical dyskinesis. It was presumed that Kawasaki disease was the most likely aetiology of her disease. Subsequently the patient reported that, contrary to medical advice, she was pregnant, adding another layer of complexity to her case. Discussion Coronary artery ectasia can be discovered as an incidental finding or can present with an acute coronary syndrome. Management is challenging in the absence of randomized trials and large-scale data. Treatment options include medications, percutaneous intervention, and surgical revascularization. Close surveillance is required in these patients to assess progression of disease. Here we discuss treatment options during acute coronary syndrome and pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2514-2119
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa274
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2948381-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An In silico study of derivative of Newcastle disease virus epitopes based vaccine against Hemagglutunin neuraminidase protein
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science ( 2022-11-13)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2022-11-13)
    Abstract: The causative agent of Newcastle disease (ND) is Newcastle disease virus. It belongs to avian species of Orthoavulavirus, Avulavirinae subfamily and if left untreated it may cause epidemic in poultry. Many vaccines have been made against Newcastle disease based on inactivated and attenuated viruses but become useless due to the genetic changes in the virus. We have recently reported epitope based vaccine by using immunoinformatics approaches. The vaccine was previously constructed against Hemagglutunin neuraminidase protein of Newcastle disease virus. Here we extended our work to develop several chimera of the proposed vaccine to design a new multi-epitope vaccine by shuffling the cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) segments of the vaccine. Total 5040 constructs have been analyzed by shuffling 7 CTL epitopes. Highest antigenic multi-epitope construct was selected for the further study. Our new multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) construct contains 259 amino acids and is immunogenic, more antigenic and non-allergen. The refinement of the structure of MEV construct was performed. Molecular docking analyses showed its maximum binding with avian Toll-like 4 receptor. Subsequently, immune simulations showed its predicted ability to induce the host primary and secondary responses. Study suggests that our new multi-epitope vaccine chimera is more effective and stable protein against Newcastle disease virus strains in Pakistan. However, further studies are required to validate the vaccine through In vitro and In vivo studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac375
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methyl phenlactonoates are efficient strigolactone analogs with simple structure
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Experimental Botany Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2018-04-23), p. 2319-2331
    Details
    In: Journal of Experimental Botany, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2018-04-23), p. 2319-2331
    Abstract: Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of phytohormones that also act as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants, such as Striga spp., and as branching factors for symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Sources for natural SLs are very limited. Hence, efficient and simple SL analogs are needed for elucidating SL-related biological processes as well as for agricultural applications. Based on the structure of the non-canonical SL methyl carlactonoate, we developed a new, easy to synthesize series of analogs, termed methyl phenlactonoates (MPs), evaluated their efficacy in exerting different SL functions, and determined their affinity for SL receptors from rice and Striga hermonthica. Most of the MPs showed considerable activity in regulating plant architecture, triggering leaf senescence, and inducing parasitic seed germination. Moreover, some MPs outperformed GR24, a widely used SL analog with a complex structure, in exerting particular SL functions, such as modulating Arabidopsis roots architecture and inhibiting rice tillering. Thus, MPs will help in elucidating the functions of SLs and are promising candidates for agricultural applications. Moreover, MPs demonstrate that slight structural modifications clearly impact the efficiency in exerting particular SL functions, indicating that structural diversity of natural SLs may mirror a functional specificity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-0957 , 1460-2431
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx438
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466717-4
    SSG: 12
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