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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impaired somatostatin response to orally administered glucose in Type II diabetes entails both somatostatin-28 and -14 and is associated with deranged metabolic control
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1989
    In:  Acta Endocrinologica Vol. 121, No. 3 ( 1989-09), p. 322-326
    Details
    In: Acta Endocrinologica, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 121, No. 3 ( 1989-09), p. 322-326
    Abstract: We have investigated the effects of hyperglycemia in Type II diabetic patients on the somatostatin response to oral glucose. In these patients hyperglycemia prevailed (11.8 ± 1.4 mmol/l) and was markedly increased to a maximum of 18.9 ±1.0 mmol/l following the ingestion of 75 g of glucose. The rise in blood glucose following glucose ingestion failed to induce a rise in plasma levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity. Biostator-regulated insulin infusion normalized fasting levels of blood glucose and reduced the hyperglycemia following glucose ingestion, i.e. blood glucose now rose from 4.6 ± 0.1 to a maximum of 7.3 ±0.8 mmol/l. This moderate rise in blood glucose was accompanied by a significant (p 〈 0.05) rise in somatostatin-like immunoreactivity. Somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-14 were separated using a Sephadex G-50 fine column. Biostator treatment suppressed plasma levels of both peptides during fasting conditions. Treatment was also accompanied by a rise in both peptides during the first hour following glucose ingestion; this rise did not occur in the untreated state. In conclusion: lack of somatostatin response to glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with deranged metabolic control. Unresponsiveness to glucose entails the secretion of both somatostatin-28 and -14.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1210322
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1989
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Small RNAs are differentially expressed in autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes and controls
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 187, No. 2 ( 2022-08-01), p. 231-240
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 187, No. 2 ( 2022-08-01), p. 231-240
    Abstract: Diabetes is a heterogeneous disease and a precise diagnosis of diabetes subgroups is necessary to initiate proper early treatment and clinical management of the disease. Circulating small RNAs (sRNAs) are potentially diagnostic biomarkers in diseases, including diabetes. Here we aimed to examine whether profiles of circulating sRNAs differed between patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes and non-diabetic controls. Design This cross-sectional case–control study included participants from the third survey of the HUNT study. Methods We performed sRNA sequencing in serum from adult-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 51), type 2 diabetes (n = 50) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA, n  = 51), as well as non-diabetic HUNT3 participants as control group (n = 51). Differential expression analysis of the sRNAs was performed in R using limma-voom. Results We identified differences in sRNA expression between autoimmune (type 1 diabetes and LADA) and non-autoimmune diabetes (type 2 diabetes) and between patients with diabetes and non-diabetic controls. Focusing on miRNA, we identified 10 differentially expressed mature miRNAs and 30 differentially expressed miRNA variants (isomiRs). We also identified significant changes within other sRNA classes, including a pronounced downregulation of a tRNA fragment in patients with diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls. We created cross-validated sRNA signatures based on the significant sRNAs that distinguished patients with diabetes from non-diabetic controls, and autoimmune from non-autoimmune diabetes, with high specificity and sensitivity. sRNA profiles did not distinguish between type 1 diabetes and LADA. Conclusions Circulating sRNAs are differentially expressed between patients with diabetes and non-diabetic controls and between autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/EJE-22-0083
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alcohol and the risk for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: results based on Swedish ESTRID study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 171, No. 5 ( 2014-11), p. 535-543
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 171, No. 5 ( 2014-11), p. 535-543
    Abstract: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Our aim was to investigate whether alcohol consumption is associated with the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), an autoimmune form of diabetes with features of type 2 diabetes. Design A population-based case–control study was carried out to investigate the association of alcohol consumption and the risk of LADA. Methods We used data from the ESTRID case–control study carried out between 2010 and 2013, including 250 incident cases of LADA (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs) positive) and 764 cases of type 2 diabetes (GADA negative), and 1012 randomly selected controls aged ≥35. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of diabetes in relation to alcohol intake, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking, and education. Results Alcohol consumption was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.99 for every 5-g increment in daily intake). Similar results were observed for LADA, but stratification by median GADA levels revealed that the results only pertained to LADA with low GADA levels (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76–0.94/5 g alcohol per day), whereas no association was observed with LADA having high GADA levels (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.94–1.06/5 g per day). Every 5-g increment of daily alcohol intake was associated with a 10% increase in GADA levels ( P =0.0312), and a 10% reduction in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( P =0.0418). Conclusions Our findings indicate that alcohol intake may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and type 2-like LADA, but has no beneficial effects on diabetes-related autoimmunity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/EJE-14-0403
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-term stability of low insulin responses to glucose in non-diabetic subjects
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1992
    In:  Acta Endocrinologica Vol. 127, No. 1 ( 1992-07), p. 33-37
    Details
    In: Acta Endocrinologica, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 127, No. 1 ( 1992-07), p. 33-37
    Abstract: We investigated the stability of the insulin response to glucose in healthy subjects by making retrospective comparisons of insulin responses after two 60 min glucose infusion tests performed many years apart. The subjects (N =49) were divided into two lower and two higher quartiles as assessed by the incremental 0–10 min insulin area during the initial glucose infusion test. Ages were initially 32.3±2.8 years in lower quartiles and 26.6±1.1 in higher quartiles and body mass indexes 21.6±0.6 kg/m 2 and 21.8±0.5, respectively. The interval between the first and second glucose infusion tests was 8.1±2.8 years for lower quartiles and 10.4±1.3 for higher quartiles. In lower quartiles, the 0–10 min insulin area at first testing was 157.1±15.9 mU/l × 10 min and at follow-up 202.2±26.6 (+ 29%, NS). In higher quartiles, the insulin area decreased from 654.8±70.6 mU/l × 10 min at first testing to 489.8±53.6 at follow-up (−25%, p 〈 0.05). The 0–60 min glucose area did not change significantly between glucose infusion tests in lower quartiles (+ 5%), but did increase by 12% (p 〈 0.005) in higher quartiles. Only one subject of the lowest quartile at first testing changed to higher quartiles at follow-up. Predictable "regression toward the mean" at follow-up was moderate, hence the individual insulin response to glucose was relatively stable with time. This finding is compatible with the hypothesis that genetic factors are of major importance for the insulin response to glucose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1270033
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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