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  • 1
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    Recruitment in a changing environment: the 2000s North Sea herring recruitment failure
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2009
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 66, No. 2 ( 2009-03-01), p. 272-277
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 66, No. 2 ( 2009-03-01), p. 272-277
    Abstract: Payne, M. R., Hatfield, E. M. C., Dickey-Collas, M., Falkenhaug, T., Gallego, A., Gröger, J., Licandro, P., Llope, M., Munk, P., Röckmann, C., Schmidt, J. O., and Nash, R. D. M. 2009. Recruitment in a changing environment: the 2000s North Sea herring recruitment failure. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 272–277. Environmentally induced change appears to be impacting the recruitment of North Sea herring (Clupea harengus). Despite simultaneously having a large adult population, historically low exploitation, and Marine Stewardship Council accreditation (implying sustainability), there have been an unprecedented 6 sequential years of poor juvenile production (recruitment). Analysis suggests that the poor recruitment arises during the larval overwintering phase, with recent survival rates greatly reduced. Contemporary warming of the North Sea has caused significant changes in the plankton community, and a recently identified regime shift around 2000 shows close temporal agreement with the reduced larval survival. It is, therefore, possible that we are observing the first consequences of this planktonic change for higher trophic levels. There is no indication of a recovery in recruitment in the short term. Fishing mortality is currently outside the agreed management plan, and forecasts show a high risk of the stock moving outside safe biological limits soon, potentially precipitating another collapse of the stock. However, bringing the realized fishing mortality back in line with the management plan would likely alleviate the problem. This illustrates again that recruitment is influenced by more than just spawning-stock biomass, and that changes in other factors can be of equal, or even greater, importance. In such dynamically changing environments, recent management success does not necessarily guarantee future sustainability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsn211
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 2
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    Realized habitats of early-stage North Sea herring: looking for signals of environmental change
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 68, No. 3 ( 2011-03-01), p. 537-546
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 68, No. 3 ( 2011-03-01), p. 537-546
    Abstract: Röckmann, C., Dickey-Collas, M., Payne, M. R., and van Hal, R. 2011. Realized habitats of early-stage North Sea herring: looking for signals of environmental change. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . Realized habitats of North Sea herring for two larval and two juvenile stages were estimated over the past 30 years, using abundances from surveys tied to modelled estimates of temperature and salinity. Newly hatched larvae (NHL) were found mainly in water masses of 9–11°C, pre-metamorphosis larvae (PML) around 5–6°C, juveniles aged 0 in summer around 13–14°C, and juveniles aged 1 in winter around 4–5°C. The median salinity in which the NHL were distributed was 34.4–35.0 and 33.7–33.9, respectively, for PML and juveniles. Interannual variations in temperature and geographic variables in the North Sea were compared with the time-series of realized habitats. The realized temperature habitats of the NHL did not change over time, but the habitat of juveniles in summer may be associated with higher temperatures. Juveniles aged 1 in winter are found in waters colder than the average for the North Sea, a result also reflected in their geographic shift east into shallower water. The results suggest that juveniles could be limited by temperature, but may also track changes in food or predator distribution, and/or internal population dynamics. Time-series analysis of realized salinity habitats was not possible with the available data because of differences between model outputs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsq171
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 3
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    International perceptions of an integrated, multi-sectoral, ecosystem approach to management
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 74, No. 1 ( 2017-01-01), p. 414-420
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 74, No. 1 ( 2017-01-01), p. 414-420
    Abstract: The Ecosystem Approach to Management (EAM) has emerged over the past decades, largely to promote biodiversity conservation, and more recently sectoral tradeoffs in the management of marine ecosystems. To ascertain the state of practice of EAM operationalization, a workshop was held, which included a pre-workshop online survey. The survey gauged international participants’ perspectives regarding capacity, knowledge, and application of EAM. When asked about the subject, most survey respondents had a general understanding of EAM, and provided a clear definition. Major perceived challenges to EAM objectives by those surveyed included limited knowledge, conflicting interests, insufficient communication, and limited organizational legal frameworks or governance structures. Of those directly involved in an ecosystem approach, the majority responded that processes were in place or developed for application of integrated knowledge toward assessing key issues within their respective sectors (i.e. fisheries, conservation, energy), and that capacity was generally high. Our results show that most respondents, irrespective of sector or geography, see value in considering an integrated, broader ecosystem approach as they manage their sector. Although many participants were from the North Atlantic region, our results suggest that much of the international community is converging toward continued understanding of broad-scale, integrated approaches to marine resource management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsw214
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 4
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    Lessons learned from stock collapse and recovery of North Sea herring: a review
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 67, No. 9 ( 2010-12-01), p. 1875-1886
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 67, No. 9 ( 2010-12-01), p. 1875-1886
    Abstract: Dickey-Collas, M., Nash, R. D. M., Brunel, T., van Damme, C. J. G., Marshall, C. T., Payne, M. R., Corten, A., Geffen, A. J., Peck, M. A., Hatfield, E. M. C., Hintzen, N. T., Enberg, K., Kell, L. T., and Simmonds, E. J. 2010. Lessons learned from stock collapse and recovery of North Sea herring: a review. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1875–1886. The collapse and recovery of North Sea herring in the latter half of the 20th century had both ecological and economic consequences. We review the effect of the collapse and investigate whether the increased understanding about the biology, ecology, and stock dynamics gained in the past three decades can aid management to prevent further collapses and improve projections of recovery. Recruitment adds the most uncertainty to estimates of future yield and the potential to reach biomass reference points within a specified time-frame. Stock–recruitment relationships must be viewed as being fluid and dependent on ecosystem change. Likewise, predation mortality changes over time. Management aimed at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) fishing mortality targets implies interannual variation in TACs, and variability in supply is therefore unavoidable. Harvest control rules, when adhered to, aid management greatly. We advocate that well-founded science can substantially contribute to management through improved confidence and increased transparency. At present, we cannot predict the effects of collapse or recovery of a single stock on the ecosystem as a whole. Moreover, as managers try to reconcile commitments to single-species MSY targets with the ecosystem-based approach, they must consider the appropriate management objectives for the North Sea ecosystem as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsq033
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 5
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    Hazard warning: model misuse ahead
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2014-10-01), p. 2300-2306
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2014-10-01), p. 2300-2306
    Abstract: The use of modelling approaches in marine science, and in particular fisheries science, is explored. We highlight that the choice of model used for an analysis should account for the question being posed or the context of the management problem. We examine a model-classification scheme based on Richard Levins' 1966 work suggesting that models can only achieve two of three desirable model attributes: realism, precision, and generality. Model creation, therefore, requires trading-off of one of these attributes in favour of the other two: however, this is often in conflict with the desires of end-users (i.e. mangers or policy developers). The combination of attributes leads to models that are considered to have empirical, mechanistic, or analytical characteristics, but not a combination of them. In fisheries science, many examples can be found of models with these characteristics. However, we suggest that models or techniques are often employed without consideration of their limitations, such as projecting into unknown space without generalism, or fitting empirical models and inferring causality. We suggest that the idea of trade-offs and limitations in modelling be considered as an essential first step in assessing the utility of a model in the context of knowledge for decision-making in management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fst215
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 6
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    The role of thermal stratification on the population dynamics of Sagitta elegans Verrill in the western Irish Sea
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1996
    In:  Journal of Plankton Research Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 1996), p. 1659-1674
    Details
    In: Journal of Plankton Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 18, No. 9 ( 1996), p. 1659-1674
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0142-7873 , 1464-3774
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/plankt/18.9.1659
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1996
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  • 7
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    Mean daily growth of herring larvae in relation to temperature over a range of 5–20°C, based on weekly repeated cruises in the Greifswalder Bodden
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2009
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 66, No. 8 ( 2009-09-01), p. 1696-1701
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 66, No. 8 ( 2009-09-01), p. 1696-1701
    Abstract: Oeberst, R., Dickey-Collas, M., and Nash, R. D. M. 2009. Mean daily growth of herring larvae in relation to temperature over a range of 5–20°C, based on weekly repeated cruises in the Greifswalder Bodden. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1696–1701. Reported estimates of mean daily growth of herring larvae generally cover the temperature range 1–12°C and few estimates are available for temperatures 〉 15°C. We use larval surveys on Rügen spring-spawning herring in the Strelasund and the Greifswalder Bodden to estimate larval growth over a wider temperature range because the water temperature in that area normally increases from 5 to 20°C during the larval growth period (i.e. from spring to summer). This large temperature increase has a significant influence on the mean daily growth of herring larvae. Growth estimates were based on the modes of length frequencies observed at individual stations or accumulated over strata from consecutive surveys. Mean daily growth (G; mm d−1) of larvae was primarily determined by the ambient temperature (T) during the growth interval (5–7 d), resulting in the following relationship: G = 0.011 + 0.037 T. A non-linear function is also described. Growth rate was not length-dependent over the size range studied (5–20 mm). The study also showed that herring larvae were growing and surviving in temperatures up to 17.5°C.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsp193
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 8
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    Between-year variability in the mixing of North Sea herring spawning components leads to pronounced variation in the composition of the catch
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 67, No. 5 ( 2010-07-01), p. 885-896
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 67, No. 5 ( 2010-07-01), p. 885-896
    Abstract: Bierman, S. M., Dickey-Collas, M., van Damme, C. J. G., van Overzee, H. M. J., Pennock-Vos, M. G., Tribuhl, S. V., and Clausen, L. A. W. 2010. Between-year variability in the mixing of North Sea herring spawning components leads to pronounced variation in the composition of the catch. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 885–896. North Sea herring (Clupea harengus) are managed as a single stock, but maintaining a diversity of spawning components is considered important. However, the total catch from each of these components cannot be estimated easily because the components mix during the summer feeding season. The spawning origin of herring is determined from patterns in the microstructure of the otolith core, from samples taken in the central and northern North Sea during summer of 2004–2007. The annual catch composition of Dutch vessels is determined within a statistical framework that takes account of the spatial patterns in mixing of spawning components and the classification success of the method. Mixing of components varied between years, with steep latitudinal gradients in compositions in some years, resulting in pronounced between-year differences in estimated catch compositions. Differences in lengths-at-age between spawning components, in particular of the 2000 year class, may have caused the observed between-year changes in mixing of components. Our results indicate that estimates of compositions change when assumptions of perfect spatial mixing and perfect classification are relaxed, and can be uncertain in particular as a result of misclassifications, and that it may not be appropriate to assume that ratios between components are constant through time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsp300
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
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    SSG: 21,3
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  • 9
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    Forage fish, their fisheries, and their predators: who drives whom?
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 71, No. 1 ( 2014-01-01), p. 90-104
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 71, No. 1 ( 2014-01-01), p. 90-104
    Abstract: Engelhard, G. H., Peck, M. A., Rindorf, A., Smout, S. C., van Deurs, M., Raab, K., Andersen, K. H., Garthe, S., Lauerburg, R. A. M., Scott, F., Brunel, T., Aarts, G., van Kooten, T., and Dickey-Collas, M. Forage fish, their fisheries, and their predators: who drives whom? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: . The North Sea has a diverse forage fish assemblage, including herring, targeted for human consumption; sandeel, sprat, and Norway pout, exploited by industrial fisheries; and some sardine and anchovy, supporting small-scale fisheries. All show large abundance fluctuations, impacting on fisheries and predators. We review field, laboratory, and modelling studies to investigate the drivers of this complex system of forage fish. Climate clearly influences forage fish productivity; however, any single-species considerations of the influence of climate might fail if strong interactions between forage fish exist, as in the North Sea. Sandeel appears to be the most important prey forage fish. Seabirds are most dependent on forage fish, due to specialized diet and distributional constraints (breeding colonies). Other than fisheries, key predators of forage fish are a few piscivorous fish species including saithe, whiting, mackerel, and horse-mackerel, exploited in turn by fisheries; seabirds and seals have a more modest impact. Size-based foodweb modelling suggests that reducing fishing mortality may not necessarily lead to larger stocks of piscivorous fish, especially if their early life stages compete with forage fish for zooplankton resources. In complex systems, changes in the impact of fisheries on forage fish may have potentially complex (and perhaps unanticipated) consequences on other commercially and/or ecologically important species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fst087
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 10
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    Fecundity regulation in horse mackerel
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 71, No. 3 ( 2014-04-01), p. 546-558
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 71, No. 3 ( 2014-04-01), p. 546-558
    Abstract: Egg production methods have been used successfully in the provision of advice for fisheries management. These methods need accurate and unbiased estimates of fecundity. We explore the reproductive strategy of horse mackerel and estimation of fecundity. Fecundity and fecundity regulation in relation to condition was investigated over a number of years. Fulton's K, lipid content, and hepatosomatic index increased after the start of spawning, though decreased again at the end of spawning. The increase in the gonadosomatic index, fecundity, and body condition after the onset of spawning suggests that horse mackerel utilizes food resources during the spawning season and might be an income breeder. However, the decline in K and lipid before the spawning season suggests that the first batch of oocytes is developed on stored energy. Fecundity varied between years and within a spawning season. Over latitude, variations in fecundity were small. K and lipid content are not reliable indices as proxy for fecundity. Batch fecundity appears to be heterogeneous across the spawning season but homogeneous across latitude. The homogeneity of batch fecundity over latitude could indicate that the daily egg production method is an appropriate approach for estimating the abundance of a wide ranging species, as horse mackerel.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fst156
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2463178-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468003-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 29056-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21,3
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