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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (7)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hot water and dilute acid pretreatment of high and low specific gravity Populus deltoides clones
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2011-2), p. 355-361
    Details
    In: Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2011-2), p. 355-361
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1367-5435 , 1476-5535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0782-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482484-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Separation and purification of xylose oligomers using centrifugal partition chromatography
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2011-2), p. 363-370
    Details
    In: Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2011-2), p. 363-370
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1367-5435 , 1476-5535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0799-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482484-X
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  • 3
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    Separation of xylose oligomers using centrifugal partition chromatography with a butanol–methanol–water system
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2013-01-01), p. 51-62
    Details
    In: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2013-01-01), p. 51-62
    Abstract: Xylose oligomers are the intermediate products of xylan depolymerization into xylose monomers. An understanding of xylan depolymerization kinetics is important to improve the conversion of xylan into monomeric xylose and to minimize the formation of inhibitory products, thereby reducing ethanol production costs. The study of xylan depolymerization requires copious amount of xylose oligomers, which are expensive if acquired commercially. Our approach consisted of producing in-house oligomer material. To this end, birchwood xylan was used as the starting material and hydrolyzed in hot water at 200 °C for 60 min with a 4 % solids loading. The mixture of xylose oligomers was subsequently fractionated by a centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) with a solvent system of butanol:methanol:water in a 5:1:4 volumetric ratio. Operating in an ascending mode, the butanol-rich upper phase (the mobile phase) eluted xylose oligomers from the water-rich stationary phase at a 4.89 mL/min flow rate for a total fractionation time of 300 min. The elution of xylose oligomers occurred between 110 and 280 min. The yields and purities of xylobiose (DP 2), xylotriose (DP 3), xylotetraose (DP 4), and xylopentaose (DP 5) were 21, 10, 14, and 15 mg/g xylan and 95, 90, 89, and 68 %, respectively. The purities of xylose oligomers from this solvent system were higher than those reported previously using tetrahydrofuran:dimethyl sulfoxide:water in a 6:1:3 volumetric ratio. Moreover, the butanol-based solvent system improved overall procedures by facilitating the evaporation of the solvents from the CPC fractions, rendering the purification process more efficient.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-5535 , 1367-5435
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1209-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482484-X
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  • 4
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    Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and children
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Brain Vol. 146, No. 4 ( 2023-04-19), p. 1648-1661
    Details
    In: Brain, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 146, No. 4 ( 2023-04-19), p. 1648-1661
    Abstract: Different neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and children and their impact have not been well characterized. We aimed to determine the prevalence of neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients and ascertain differences between adults and children. We conducted a prospective multicentre observational study using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) cohort across 1507 sites worldwide from 30 January 2020 to 25 May 2021. Analyses of neurological manifestations and neurological complications considered unadjusted prevalence estimates for predefined patient subgroups, and adjusted estimates as a function of patient age and time of hospitalization using generalized linear models. Overall, 161 239 patients (158 267 adults; 2972 children) hospitalized with COVID-19 and assessed for neurological manifestations and complications were included. In adults and children, the most frequent neurological manifestations at admission were fatigue (adults: 37.4%; children: 20.4%), altered consciousness (20.9%; 6.8%), myalgia (16.9%; 7.6%), dysgeusia (7.4%; 1.9%), anosmia (6.0%; 2.2%) and seizure (1.1%; 5.2%). In adults, the most frequent in-hospital neurological complications were stroke (1.5%), seizure (1%) and CNS infection (0.2%). Each occurred more frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) than in non-ICU patients. In children, seizure was the only neurological complication to occur more frequently in ICU versus non-ICU (7.1% versus 2.3%, P & lt; 0.001). Stroke prevalence increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure steadily decreased with age. There was a dramatic decrease in stroke over time during the pandemic. Hypertension, chronic neurological disease and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were associated with increased risk of stroke. Altered consciousness was associated with CNS infection, seizure and stroke. All in-hospital neurological complications were associated with increased odds of death. The likelihood of death rose with increasing age, especially after 25 years of age. In conclusion, adults and children have different neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19. Stroke risk increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure risk decreased with age.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-8950 , 1460-2156
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac332
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474117-9
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2023-04-19), p. 355-376
    Details
    In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2023-04-19), p. 355-376
    Abstract: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-5771 , 1464-3685
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad012
    RVK:
    XF 4100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1494592-7
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Sleep spindles are resilient to extensive white matter deterioration
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Brain Communications Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-07-01)
    Details
    In: Brain Communications, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-07-01)
    Abstract: Sleep spindles are an essential part of non-rapid eye movement sleep, notably involved in sleep consolidation, cognition, learning and memory. These oscillatory waves depend on an interaction loop between the thalamus and the cortex, which relies on a structural backbone of thalamo-cortical white matter tracts. It is still largely unknown if the brain can properly produce sleep spindles when it underwent extensive white matter deterioration in these tracts, and we hypothesized that it would affect sleep spindle generation and morphology. We tested this hypothesis with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (n = 23; 30.5 ± 11.1 years old; 17 m/6f), a unique human model of extensive white matter deterioration, and a healthy control group (n = 27; 30.3 ± 13.4 years old; 21m/6f). Sleep spindles were analysed on a full night of polysomnography over the frontal, central and parietal brain regions, and we measured their density, morphology and sigma-band power. White matter deterioration was quantified using diffusion-weighted MRI, with which we performed both whole-brain voxel-wise analysis (Tract-Based Spatial Statistics) and probabilistic tractography (with High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging) to target the thalamo-cortical tracts. Group differences were assessed for all variables and correlations were performed separately in each group, corrected for age and multiple comparisons. Surprisingly, although extensive white matter damage across the brain including all thalamo-cortical tracts was evident in the brain-injured group, sleep spindles remained completely undisrupted when compared to a healthy control group. In addition, almost all sleep spindle characteristics were not associated with the degree of white matter deterioration in the brain-injured group, except that more white matter deterioration correlated with lower spindle frequency over the frontal regions. This study highlights the resilience of sleep spindles to the deterioration of all white matter tracts critical to their existence, as they conserve normal density during non-rapid eye movement sleep with mostly unaltered morphology. We show that even with such a severe traumatic event, the brain has the ability to adapt or to withstand alterations in order to conserve normal sleep spindles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2632-1297
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa071
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3020013-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Brain white matter damage and its association with neuronal synchrony during sleep
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Brain Vol. 142, No. 3 ( 2019-03-01), p. 674-687
    Details
    In: Brain, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 142, No. 3 ( 2019-03-01), p. 674-687
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-8950 , 1460-2156
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy348
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474117-9
    SSG: 12
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