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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-07-31
    Description: We introduce the MUSCEL Programme (MUltiwavelength observations of the Structure, Chemistry and Evolution of LSB galaxies), a project aimed at determining the star-formation histories of low surface brightness galaxies. MUSCEL utilizes ground-based optical spectra and space-based UV and IR photometry to fully constrain the star-formation histories of our targets with the aim of shedding light on the processes that led low surface brightness galaxies down a different evolutionary path from that followed by high surface brightness galaxies, such as our Milky Way. Here we present the spatially resolved optical spectra of UGC 628, observed with the VIRUS-P IFU at the 2.7-m Harlen J. Smith Telescope at the McDonald Observatory, and utilize emission-line diagnostics to determine the rate and distribution of star formation as well as the gas-phase metallicity and metallicity gradient. We find highly clustered star formation throughout UGC 628, excluding the core regions, and a log(O/H) metallicity around –4.2, with more metal-rich regions near the edges of the galactic disc. Based on the emission-line diagnostics alone, the current mode of star formation, slow and concentrated in the outer disc, appears to have dominated for quite some time, although there are clear signs of a much older stellar population formed in a more standard inside-out fashion.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-06-26
    Description: To investigate the changes in Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4Hα1) expression during the pathological course of atherosclerotic plaque development and to test the effect of P4Hα1 overexpression on vulnerability of early and advanced plaque in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE –/– ) mice. In vivo , the changes in P4Hα1 level were assessed during the pathological course of spontaneously induced atherosclerotic plaque in the aortic root of ApoE –/– mice at 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks of age and fed a high-fat diet. A lentivirus-mediated P4Hα1 construct was transfected in carotid plaque induced in mice by perivascular collar placement for 2 and 10 weeks. After 2 weeks of lenti-P4Hα1 treatment, both early and advanced plaque exhibited stable characteristics, with increased collagen and smooth muscle cell content, reduced macrophage content, and no change in lipid content. Lenti-P4Hα1 treatment of early and advanced plaque substantially increased interstitial collagen content in the fibrous cap of plaque. It increased the carotid plaque size and the relative en face lesion area of the aorta in early but not advanced plaque, with reduced phosphatase and tensin homolog expression. Furthermore, the treatment lowered the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the production and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2 in both early and advanced plaque. P4Hα1 overexpression had a differential effect at various stages of plaque pathological progression. P4Hα1 overexpression might be a valuable therapeutic modality in stabilizing advanced but not early plaque because of the adverse event of accelerated lesion formation.
    Print ISSN: 1520-765X
    Electronic ISSN: 1554-2815
    Topics: Medicine
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