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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histogenesis and histochemistry of the digestive tract of chick embryos (1957)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 127 (1957), S. 677-695 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091270405
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence de la structure et de la longueur des chaines d'alcools sur les propriétés plastifiantes des phtalates correspondants (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 38 (1974), S. 167-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ausgehend von Alkoholen verschiedener Struktur und veränderlicher Kettenlänge wurde eine Serie von Phthalaten hergestellt. Ein Teil dieser Alkohole wurde durch selektive Hydroformylierung synthetisiert.Die für die Synthese dieser Alkohole gewählten Strukturparameter beziehen sich auf die Art der Verzweigung des Kohlenstoffskeletts: Einerseits die Länge und die Anzahl der Seitenketten, andererseits die Stellung dieser Ketten bezogen auf die Alkoholfunktion. Die Anzahl der Kohlenstoffatome der dargestellten Ketten variiert zwischen 6 und 13.Die physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften (spezifisches Volumen, Übergang in den Glaszustand, Viskosität) der aus diesen Alkoholen erhaltenen symmetrischen Diphthalate werden in Abhängigkeit von der Konfiguration der Ketten interpretiert.Das visko-elastische Verhalten des mit verschiedenen Mengen dieser Phthalate weichgemachten Polyvinylchlorids wurde im Übergangsgebiet beobachtet. Die thermisch-isochronen Veränderungen des Elastizitätsmoduls G(0) wurden in Abhängigkeit von der Struktur interpretiert und auf den Weichmachereffekt der Phthalate als Funktion der Verzweigung der Alkylketten zuriickgefuhrt.
    Notes: A series of phthalates has been synthetised from primary alcohols with variable chain dimension and structure. The structural parameters of phthalates are those of alcohol chain: length of alkyl segment and branching factor i. e. the number, length and position of branches relatively to functional group. The number of carbon atoms in the alcohol skeleton varies from 6 to 13.The physico-chemical properties of phthalates (specific volume, glass transition, viscosity, and sol-gel transition) are interpreted in function of the chain configuration.The visco-elastic behaviour of plasticized PVC is examined for each phthalate in the glass transition range. The creep modulus has been measured by the conventional Clash and Berg method and correlated with structure and molecular weight of the alcohol chain.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1974.050380115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic aspects of the copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran with alkylene oxides (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 9 (1971), S. 3547-3554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cationic (BF3) copolymerizations and terpolymerizations of 1,2-butylene oxide (BO), propylene oxide (PO), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), have been carried out at 0°C in ethylene dichloride under dry inert conditions. Reactivity ratios of THF-BO, THF-PO and BO-PO systems have been determined with the use successively of 1,2-propanediol and 1,2,3-propanetriol (glycerine) as cocatalysts. Terpolymer compositions established experimentally compare well with those predicted by calculations with the reactivity rations determined in the binary systems. With the triol as cocatalyst, the existence of a ternary azeotrope was confirmed. Its composition is: M1(THF) = 0.125; M2(BO) = 0.205; and M2(PO) = 0.670.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.150091212
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran with propylene oxide. III. 1,2,3-propanetriol as cocatalyst (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 10 (1972), S. 399-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The cationic copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran with propylene oxide was investigated with the use of boron trifluoride etherate, 1,2,3-propanetriol, and ethylene chloride as catalyst, cocatalyst, and solvent, respectively. The reactions were carried out in the liquid phase under a blanket of dry nitrogen at atmospheric pressure and in the temperature range from -10° to +20°C. Comonomer consumption was followed by vapor-phase chromatography, while the products were analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, vapor-pressure osmometry, and chemical endgroup analysis (phthalation). The investigation was directed towards the elucidation of the influence of the initial cocatalyst content, the initial mole fraction of the comonomer, and the temperature of reaction, on the kinetics of the reaction (rates of disappearance of comonomers, reactivity ratios, comonomer conversions and product yields) and on the characteristics of the products formed (composition, molecular weight, and primary and secondary hydroxyl content). An attempt is made to interpret the results reported in the paper.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.150100207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Modelling the timing and duration of dormancy in populations of Calanus finmarchicus from the Northwest Atlantic shelf (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-13
    Description: Calanus finmarchicus relies on dormancy to thrive in the seasonal environment of the boreal Atlantic. The lipid accumulation window (LAW) hypothesis proposes that a seasonal window of environmental conditions allows developing individuals to store enough lipids for dormancy to be safely initiated. Successful dormancy requires a sufficient amount of lipids to fulfil the reduced metabolic demand of the dormant individual and to sustain the final maturation process. We used a pattern-oriented modelling approach that implements the LAW hypothesis and employs a genetic algorithm for parameter estimation, in order to reproduce the observed phenology and demography of C. finmarchicus populations from the two contrasting regions, the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) and the Gulf of Maine (GoM) in the northwest Atlantic shelf. In the GSL, the model reproduced the timing of dormancy, the abundance and individual condition of late copepodid stages. In the GoM, the model produced a semi-annual dormancy pattern, as no locally produced individual could last the 6–8 months of dormancy inferred from the available observations. Further testing requires extending demographic time series, including lipid condition of late copepodid stages in the GoM, and the implementation of a 3-D modelling framework that would explicitly address the complex interactions between circulation and population dynamics of C. finmarchicus over the entire northwest Atlantic shelf.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Copepods and hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay: abundance, vertical position and non-predatory mortality (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-28
    Description: Live and dead copepod abundances and environmental conditions were measured during summer in Chesapeake Bay to determine how population size, vertical position and non-predatory mortality varied with hypoxia. Abundances of copepod nauplii and Acartia tonsa copepodites decreased when low-oxygen water was present. Possible explanations include copepods altering their vertical position to avoid hypoxia, resulting in increased predation and advection losses. Alternatively, copepods residing in hypoxic water may experience increased mortality and sub-lethal effects of hypoxia on growth and reproduction. The vertical position of copepod nauplii did not appear to respond to hypoxia, but the vertical position of A. tonsa copepodites shifted upward in response to lethal hypoxia in bottom water. Non-predatory mortality of nauplii increased with the severity of hypoxia, but no similar increase was apparent for copepodites. Overall, it appears that hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay can result in lower copepod population abundances. Under moderate hypoxia, sub-lethal effects of low oxygen on growth and reproduction likely contribute to lower abundances, since the copepods do not avoid the hypoxic water. Under severe hypoxia, non-predatory mortality due to low oxygen is likely more important for naupliar stages, and the effects of altered vertical position on predation and advection may be important for copepodites.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    The impact of increasing temperatures on dormancy duration in Calanus finmarchicus (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-03
    Description: Dormancy is a key life history trait of planktonic calanoid copepods in the genus Calanus . Empirical evidence suggests that duration of dormancy is controlled by ambient temperature driving lipid metabolism in individuals. Here, we use the temperature-dependent metabolic rates of overwintering individuals to show that increasing temperatures, associated with global climate change over the next several decades, may reduce dormancy duration for the north Atlantic species C. finmarchicus by up to 40 days. Our calculations are based on comparing predicted dormancy duration for individuals of a given size at specific temperatures to dormancy duration at warmer temperatures and smaller size. We also provide corrections to the relationship of dormancy duration described by Saumweber and Durbin [Estimating potential diapause duration in Calanus finmarchicus. Deep Sea Res. Pt. II., 53, 2597–2617.]. Our calculations indicate that changing temperatures in the sea may lead to phenological shifts in life histories of C. finmarchicus and congeners, which may have implications for planktonic food web and trophic dynamics.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    A note on the survival and feeding of copepod nauplii (Eurytemora carolleeae) on the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa rotundata (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-20
    Description: We examined whether copepod naupliar survival rate can be impacted by winter estuarine dinoflagellate blooms and compared winter nauplii grazing rates with other reported rates. Grazing and survival experiments were conducted in the laboratory at 4°C and showed that increased prey concentration resulted in increased naupliar survival over 2 weeks. High survival rate of winter nauplii could result in higher spring copepodite abundances, which would have a positive impact on fish larvae recruitment.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Relationship between environmental conditions and zooplankton community structure during summer hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-29
    Description: The environmental conditions and mesozooplankton community were monitored during summer cruises in 2003, 2004 and 2006–2008 in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Data were collected on temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll- a and zooplankton taxonomic abundances. Environmental conditions were largely related to the influence of the Mississippi River plume. The zooplankton community was numerically dominated by copepods, with various meroplankton and other non-copepod zooplankton present in lower abundances. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct groups of co-occurring zooplankton taxa. Two of these were numerically dominant, one characterized by the copepod Acartia spp. and a second consisting of several copepod taxa (including larger-bodied genera) and salps. Relative to the group containing Acartia spp., this second dominant group was more abundant at higher salinity, lower temperature and greater vertical extent of hypoxic water into the water column above the seafloor. Dissolved oxygen, as vertical extent of hypoxia, was of comparable importance to temperature and salinity in predicting the abundances of zooplankton taxa. Variability of the zooplankton community with environmental conditions, and particularly the greater abundance of larger taxa in association with hypoxia, has implications for the contribution of zooplankton-mediated vertical flux to oxygen drawdown, and for the quality of the food environment for larval and other planktivorous fish.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Comparing ice and temperature simulations by four dynamic lake models in Harp Lake: past performance and future predictions (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-27
    Description: The physical dynamics of lake temperature and ice phenology are important in the modelling and management of temperate aquatic ecosystems. One-dimensional hydrothermal lake models have not been well evaluated in terms of how they simulate ice dynamics in particular. We chose four models (Hostetler, Minlake, Simple Ice Model or SIM, and General Lake Model or GLM) to test and compare their performance modelling water temperature and ice dynamics using 16 years of field data from Harp Lake, an extensively-studied inland lake in south-central Ontario. Each model produced satisfactory water temperature profiles over the simulated period, with small differences in the model performance. Model fits for ice phenology and ice thickness were, however, considerably lower than that for water temperature, with Minlake generating the best agreement with observed ice-on and ice-off dates as well as ice thickness, followed by SIM. The responses of lake ice dynamics to future climate scenarios were simulated by running each of the four models for 91 years, from 2010-2100. The predicted decrease in ice season length was significantly different among models, varying between 30 to 81 days, with an average of 48 days. Corresponding decreases in ice thickness varied between 0.11 to 0.20 m, averaging 0.17 m. This study demonstrates that uncertainty due to model performance and selection is considerable and further testing and refinement of hydrothermal lake dynamic models is needed to improve predictive abilities for ice dynamics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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