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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graphical approach to non-ideal cases of self-associating protein systems (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 197-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Our previous paper described graphical procedures for evaluating the mode of association in ideal discrete and indefinite cases. This paper concerns the application of such procedures in cases where the non-ideality term BM1 must be considered. Bovine liver L-glutamate dehydrogenase and lysozyme are used as model systems. Several graphical procedures for dealing with cases of 1 - m, 1 - m - n, or indefinite association are developed. The procedure is based on the evaluation of the weight-fraction monomer with-out prior calculation of BM1, using graphical analysis to evaluate the non-ideality term.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360110115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinematics and deformation characteristics as a mixing measure in the screw extrusion process (1994)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 174-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The present paper proposes “Deformation Characteristics” (DC) as a new deformation measure of screw extrusion processes, based on the Green deformation tensor. In contrast to previous strain measures heuristically proposed by Mohr, et al., Mckelvey, and Pinto and Tadmor, the new DC can naturally incorporate the demixing phenomena and systematically take into account the three-dimensional circulatory flow with the screw flight effect. Therefore, DC can be regarded as an improved strain measure. “Weighted Average Deformation characteristics” (WADC) is also proposed to indicate the overall deformation characteristics as a quantitative measure to the “goodness of mixing” of the extrusion process. The present paper includes discussion on delicate differences between DC and several other strain measures in case of the two-dimensional velocity approximation, and on the application of DC into a general three-dimensional velocity field obtained by a quasi-three-dimensional finite element analysis of extrusion processes. In determining WADC in the three-dimensional application, the residence time distribution function, including the three-dimensional circulatory flow effect, is used.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760340303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple approach to determining three-dimensional screw characteristics in the metering zone of extrusion processes using a total shape factor (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 274-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: It is of great importance in designing extruders to predict the screw characteristics, that is, the throughput in terms of the screw speed and the pressure gradient along the down-channel direction. The screw characteristics depend on the extruder geometry, the operating conditions, and material properties of non-Newtonian fluids. This paper suggests a simple approach to determining the screw characteristics for a three-dimensional flow in a channel with a finite aspect ratio (ratio of a width to a depth, W/H) by introducing a Total Shape Factor (Ft) to correct a two-dimensional flow analysis for a channel with an infinite aspect ratio. In the present study, the Total Shape Factor (Ft) was defined as a ratio of a net flow rate obtained by the three-dimensional analysis to that by the two-dimensional analysis. In the proposed approach, the quantity, ∂Ft/∂(H/W), which turns out to be almost constant, offers important information for understanding the effects of the flights. Threfore, ∂Ft/∂(H/W) is extensively reported in this paper in terms of several dimensionless parameters. This simple approach with such a database will be very useful for extruder designers to predict screw characteristics.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of mixing performance of single-screw extrusion processes via chaotic flows: Part II. Numerical study (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 15 (1996), S. 55-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the accompanying article, Part I, we have described the basic mechanism of chaotic mixings due to a new “Chaos Screw” in single-screw extrusion processes, and presented experimental evidence of the chaotic mixing in a single-screw extruder with a typical Chaos Screw installed. The present article, Part II, will be focused on the numerical investigations of the chaotic flows via the Chaos Screw in a single-screw extruder. The three-dimensional velocity fields in both the no-barrier and barrier regions were separately calculated via a finite element analysis of the quasi-three-dimensional flow in each region, and were subsequently used in the numerical simulations of chaotic flow behaviors. Extensive numerical simulation results will be presented in terms of particle trajectories, Poincaré sections, and mixing patterns for several dimensionless parameters. It was found that invariant manifolds obtained by numerical simulations were in good agreement with those from experiments. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of mixing performance of single-screw extrusion processes via chaotic flows: Part I. Basic concepts and experimental study (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 15 (1996), S. 41-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: As far as the mixing performance in single-screw extrusion processes is concerned, it is well known that the deformation measure or stretching which materials undergo due to the regular flows inside a conventional screw channel increases linearly with the extruder channel length. In general, the chaotic mixing is far superior to the regular mixing. Therefore, it would be fascinating if one could make the chaotic mixing possible in single-screw extruders with a special, and yet easily manufacturable screw without sacrificing the pumping performance of single-screw extruders. With this purpose in mind, we have developed a new screw (termed “Chaos Screw”) for the single-screw extrusion process to enhance the mixing performance via the chaotic flows. The main idea of the Chaos Screw design lies in the spatially periodic barriers inserted in the channel to break closed streamlines in regular flows, which induces the chaotic mixing. The present article describes the basic mechanism of the chaotic mixing in a single-screw extruder and presents experimental evidence of the chaotic mixing using the Chaos Screw. Experimental mixing patterns due to the chaotic flow clearly indicate that the Chaos Screw drastically enhances the mixing performance in a single-screw extruder. It may be mentioned that the accompanying article, Part II, presents numerical investigation which shows that the chaotic mixing was successfully predicted by numerical simulations. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Anti-inflammatory Effects of J11-Cl in Colitis [Signal Transduction] (2015)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. Here we investigated the newly synthesized jasmonate analogue 2-hydroxyethyl 5-chloro-4,5-didehydrojasmonate (J11-Cl) for its anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal inflammation. First, to test whether J11-Cl can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), we performed docking simulations because J11-Cl has a structural similarity with anti-inflammatory 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), one of the endogenous ligands of PPARγ. J11-Cl bound to the ligand binding domain of PPARγ in the same manner as 15d-PGJ2 and rosiglitazone, and significantly increased transcriptional activity of PPARγ. In animal experiments, colitis was significantly reduced in mice with J11-Cl treatment, determined by analyses of survival rate, body weight changes, clinical symptoms, and histological evaluation. Moreover, J11-Cl decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, and G-CSF as well as chemokines including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)20, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)2, CXCL3, and chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) in colon tissues, and LPS or TNF-α-stimulated macrophages and epithelial cells. In contrast, production of anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-2 and IL-4 as well as the proliferative factor, GM-CSF, was increased by J11-Cl. Furthermore, inhibition of MAPKs and NF-κB activation by J11-Cl was also observed. J11-Cl reduced intestinal inflammation by increasing the transcriptional activity of PPARγ and modulating inflammatory signaling pathways. Therefore, our study suggests that J11-Cl may serve as a novel therapeutic agent against IBD.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 7
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    Radiation promotes invasiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer cells through granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    In: Oncogene
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Radiation promotes invasiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer cells through granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor Oncogene 34, 5372 (16 October 2015). doi:10.1038/onc.2014.466 Authors: Y-H Cui, Y Suh, H-J Lee, K-C Yoo, N Uddin, Y-J Jeong, J-S Lee, S-G Hwang, S-Y Nam, M-J Kim & S-J Lee
    Print ISSN: 0950-9232
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Multi-site calibration using a grid-based event rainfall-runoff model: a case study of the upstream areas of the Nakdong River Basin in Korea (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: Most runoff analyses using a grid-based distributed model use one parameter group calibrated at the outlet of a watershed, instead of dividing the watershed into subwatersheds. Significant differences between the observed value and the simulation result of the subwatersheds can occur if just one parameter group is used in all subwatersheds that have different hydrological characteristics from each other. Therefore, to improve the simulation results of the subwatersheds within a watershed, a model calibrated at every subwatershed needs to be used to reflect the characteristics of each subwatershed. In this study, different parameter groups were set up for one or two sites using a distributed model, the GRM (Grid based Rainfall-runoff Model), and the evaluations were based on the results of rainfall-runoff analysis, which uses a multi-site calibration (MSC) technique to calibrate the model at the outlet of each site. The Hyangseok watershed in Naeseong River, which is a tributary of Nakdong River in Korea, was chosen as the study area. The watershed was divided into 5 subwatersheds each with a subwatershed outlet that was applied to the calibration sites. The MSC was applied for 5 cases. When a site was added for calibration in a watershed, the runoff simulation showed better results than the calibration of only one site at the most downstream area of the watershed. The MSC approach could improve the simulation results on the calibrated sites and even on the non-calibrated sites, and the effects of MSC improved when the calibrated site was closer to the runoff site. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 9
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    Crystal Structure of Csd6 from Helicobacter pylori [Enzymology] (2015)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-10
    Description: Helicobacter pylori causes gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. Its high motility in the viscous gastric mucosa facilitates colonization of the human stomach and depends on the helical cell shape and the flagella. In H. pylori, Csd6 is one of the cell shape-determining proteins that play key roles in alteration of cross-linking or by trimming of peptidoglycan muropeptides. Csd6 is also involved in deglycosylation of the flagellar protein FlaA. To better understand its function, biochemical, biophysical, and structural characterizations were carried out. We show that Csd6 has a three-domain architecture and exists as a dimer in solution. The N-terminal domain plays a key role in dimerization. The middle catalytic domain resembles those of l,d-transpeptidases, but its pocket-shaped active site is uniquely defined by the four loops I to IV, among which loops I and III show the most distinct variations from the known l,d-transpeptidases. Mass analyses confirm that Csd6 functions only as an l,d-carboxypeptidase and not as an l,d-transpeptidase. The d-Ala-complexed structure suggests possible binding modes of both the substrate and product to the catalytic domain. The C-terminal nuclear transport factor 2-like domain possesses a deep pocket for possible binding of pseudaminic acid, and in silico docking supports its role in deglycosylation of flagellin. On the basis of these findings, it is proposed that H. pylori Csd6 and its homologs constitute a new family of l,d-carboxypeptidase. This work provides insights into the function of Csd6 in regulating the helical cell shape and motility of H. pylori.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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  • 10
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    Assembly of the p85{alpha} Homodimer [Protein Structure and Folding] (2015)
    The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases that are activated by growth factor and G-protein-coupled receptors and propagate intracellular signals for growth, survival, proliferation, and metabolism. p85α, a modular protein consisting of five domains, binds and inhibits the enzymatic activity of class IA PI3K catalytic subunits. Here, we describe the structural states of the p85α dimer, based on data from in vivo and in vitro solution characterization. Our in vitro assembly and structural analyses have been enabled by the creation of cysteine-free p85α that is functionally equivalent to native p85α. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies showed that p85α undergoes rapidly reversible monomer-dimer assembly that is highly exothermic in nature. In addition to the documented SH3-PR1 dimerization interaction, we identified a second intermolecular interaction mediated by cSH2 domains at the C-terminal end of the polypeptide. We have demonstrated in vivo concentration-dependent dimerization of p85α using fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy. Finally, we have defined solution conditions under which the protein is predominantly monomeric or dimeric, providing the basis for small angle x-ray scattering and chemical cross-linking structural analysis of the discrete dimer. These experimental data have been used for the integrative structure determination of the p85α dimer. Our study provides new insight into the structure and assembly of the p85α homodimer and suggests that this protein is a highly dynamic molecule whose conformational flexibility allows it to transiently associate with multiple binding proteins.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
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