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  • National Library of Serbia  (124)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Principles of livestock development in the Republic of Serbia
    National Library of Serbia ; 2012
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 28, No. 2 ( 2012), p. 147-154
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 28, No. 2 ( 2012), p. 147-154
    Abstract: Stocarska proizvodnja je vazna grana poljoprivrede u Republici Srbiji i posmatrani istorijski, oduvek je igrala vodecu ulogu u odrzanju egzistencije stanovnistva. Stocarstvo pruza neophodne proizvode (mleko, meso, jaja), a takodje obezbedjuje sirovine za prehrambenu industriju i industriju koze. Od stocarske proizvodnje se takodje ocekuje da obezbedi kvalitetne proizvode za izvoz, pre svega govedine i jagnjetine. Priliku za izvoz imaju sir (posebno od ovcijeg i kozjeg mleka), sa definisanim poreklom i standardom kvaliteta. Medjutim, na osnovu raspolozivih podataka, situacija u stocarstvu se ocenjuje kao negativna. U poslednjih nekoliko godina broj grla svih vrsta domacih zivotinja kontinuirano se smanjuje. Srbija je dobila kandidaturu za clanstvo u Evropskoj uniji (EU). To znaci da bi stocarska proizvodnja trebala da se pripremi za konkurenciju na jedinstvenom razvijenom trzistu, bez ikakvih drzavnih trgovinskih barijera. Clanstvo Srbije u medjunarodnim organizacijama, liberalizacija trgovine stocarskih proizvoda, mala mogucnost zastite od uvoza, implementacija standarda kvaliteta (HACCP, ISO, GLOBAL GAP), smanjeni nivo domace podrske, eliminisanje izvoznih subvencija,rast profitabilnosti i sposobnost da budu konkurentna na medjunarodnom trzistu, su jos dodatni izazovi sa kojima se suocava ili ce se suociti stocarstvo Srbije. Na osnovu ovih okolnosti, neophodno je da se izgrade principi za efikasan razvoj stocarske proizvodnje, koja moze da se takmici na evropskom trzistu i doprinosi rastu poljoprivrede i nacionalnog dohotka.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1202147P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467240-3
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  • 2
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    How to increase production of beef, lamb and pork in Serbia for domestic market and export
    National Library of Serbia ; 2011
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 293-303
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 293-303
    Abstract: Dugorocna koncepcija razvoja stocarstva treba da se temelji na efikasnosti proizvodnje mesa, preko organizovanja farmera. Za uspesno organizaciono i ekonomsko jacanje farmera vazan je pravilan izbor poslovnog povezivanja. Za brdsko planinska podrucja nase zemlje, u kojima nema organizovanih otkupnih i preradjivackih kapaciteta i koja su udaljena od gradskih centara, veoma interesantan oblik povezivanja ce biti formiranje novih malih preradnih kapaciteta. Stabilne i unapred poznate cene za proizvode stocarstva, kao i dobro postavljeni pariteti cena garancija su za stabilno stocarstvo. Nasa dosadasnja iskustva u unapredjenju stocarstva i ostvareni rezultati u svetu, transfer tehnologija, sve vise nas upucuju da je za brze ukupno poboljsanje stocarstva neophodna bolje organizovana i pojacana strucna i naucna infrastruktura. U Srbiji je 2010-godine i pored manjeg broja stoke proizvedeno ukupno 384.000 tona juneceg, svinjskog i jagnjeceg mesa, sto je za 3,3% vise nego u 2009. godini, odnosno 6,3 odsto vise nego sto je bila prosecna proizvodnja od 2001. do 2009. godine. U Srbiji u 2010. bila manja proizvodnja govedjeg, juneceg i teleceg mesa za 4,4 odsto i ovcijeg i jagnjeceg mesa za 7,1 odsto, dok se za 6,8 odsto vise proizvodilo svinjsko. 2010-godine, u poredjenju sa prosecno ostvarenom proizvodnjom u periodu od 2001. do 2009. proizvedeno je vise svih vrsta mesa: svinjskog mesa za 3,1%, govedjeg i juneceg mesa za 7,5, i ovcijeg i jagnjeceg mesa za 15%. Sva domacinstva koja se ozbiljnije bave govedarskom proizvodnjom trebalo bi u narednom periodu organizovati kao gazdinstva za trzisnu proizvodnju mleka, gazdinstva za trzisnu proizvodnju tovne junadi i gazdinstva za kombinovanu trzisnu proizvodnju mleka i junadi za klanje. Osnovnu paznju u programima razvoja ovcarstva treba posvetiti porodicnom gazdinstvu i novim tehnologijama koje se bave intenziviranjem proizvodnje mesa, mleka i vune na farmama ovaca. Specijalizovani farmeri za meso, odnosno mleko treba da poseduju od 100-500 grla ovaca, kao i odgovarajucu infrastrukturu. Farmeri trojnog smera proizvodnje su tradicionalna domacinstva koja drze do 20 ili 50 ovaca. Njima treba obezbediti kvalitetan priplodni materijal i svaku drugu pomoc u cilju povecanja njihove proizvodnje. Porodicne farme bi u narednom desetogodisnjem periodu trebale da drze 50 a zatim do 100 krmaca i tove 1000 i vise tovljenika. Sve to bi moglo dovesti do povecanja proizvodnje svinjskog mesa po prosecnoj godisnjoj stopi od 2 do 2,5%. Neophodno je odabrati najbolje farme kako bi se formirali elitni, umnozavajuci (reproduktivni) i proizvodni (komercijalni) zapati u piramidalnoj organizaciji proizvodnje priplodnih grla i tovljenika. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31053
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1103293P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467240-3
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  • 3
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    Potentials of Serbian livestock production: Outlook and future
    National Library of Serbia ; 2013
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2013), p. 1-17
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2013), p. 1-17
    Abstract: The paper describes the state of the livestock production in the Republic of Serbia including preliminary results from the 2012 census: according to preliminary data, 908.990 heads of cattle, 3.403.288 pigs, 1.729.278 sheep and 235.576 goats are reared in Serbia. Structural and institutional measures, and measures of credit support should be the main instruments for achieving the goals of progress in animal husbandry. Activities in the breeding-selection work should be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of international organizations (ICAR, INTERBULL, EAAP). One of the most important outcome of these activities should result in a level of over 80% of the total population of cattle, pigs, sheep and other species of domestic farm animals in Serbia included in the control of production performance (presently between 25 and 30%). Genetic improvement of cattle, sheep and pigs (milk, meat) is very complex. More efficient use of reproductive technologies (AI - artificial insemination and embryo transfer ET, etc.), also of methods for evaluation of breeding value of farm animals through new methods of evaluation of breeding value of cows and breeding bulls will contribute to faster genetic improvement of production traits of these species of domestic animals. New knowledge in mapping and gene transfer, marker assisted selection, in vitro embryo development, embryo cloning, sexing, etc., are improving rapidly, with new technologies being developed permanently. Breeding/improvement of cattle, sheep and pigs in through breeding - selection work should facilitate further improvement of fertility traits, growth rate, feed efficiency, carcass quality (higher percentage of muscle tissue in the body), the quality of milk and meat, resistance to disease and stress, etc..
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1301001P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467240-3
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  • 4
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    Influenza A and B viruses in the population of Vojvodina, Serbia
    National Library of Serbia ; 2014
    In:  Arhiv za bioloske nauke Vol. 66, No. 1 ( 2014), p. 43-50
    Details
    In: Arhiv za bioloske nauke, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 66, No. 1 ( 2014), p. 43-50
    Abstract: At present, two influenza A viruses, H1N1pdm09 and H3N2, along with influenza B virus co-circulate in the human population, causing endemic and seasonal epidemic acute febrile respiratory infections, sometimes with life-threatening complications. Detection of influenza viruses in nasopharyngeal swab samples was done by real-time RT-PCR. There were 60.2% (53/88) positive samples in 2010/11, 63.4% (52/82) in 2011/12, and 49.9% (184/369) in 2012/13. Among the positive patients, influenza A viruses were predominant during the first two seasons, while influenza B type was more active during 2012/13. Subtyping of influenza A positive samples revealed the presence of A (H1N1)pdm09 in 2010/11, A (H3N2) in 2011/12, while in 2012/13, both subtypes were detected. The highest seroprevalence against influenza A was in the age-group 30-64, and against influenza B in adults aged 30-64 and 〉65.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0354-4664 , 1821-4339
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/ABS1401043R
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2380842-1
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  • 5
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    Genetic and phenotypic aspects of the body measured traits in merinolandschaf breed of sheep
    National Library of Serbia ; 2012
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2012), p. 733-741
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2012), p. 733-741
    Abstract: Merinolandschaf sheep breed was used to estimate relationship between the next traits: Body weight of adult ewes (BW), Height to withers (HW), Body length (BL), Girth of Chest (GC), Rump Width (RW), Body weight of lambs at birth (BWB), Body weight of lambs at weaning (BWW). The collected data were from 750 sheep and their lambs during the period of three year. Estimates of means and standard errors for linear body measures and body weight of adult ewes and lambs, were obtained using the software program SPSS (2006). To estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations of observed traits, the ASREML program was used. Research has shown that genetic correlations between BW and all body measures of dams, ranging from 0.728 (BW-GC) to 0.976 (BW-HW). Genetic correlation between body measures of dams have also been positive and ranged in the interval from 0.873 (HW-GC) to 0.999 (BL-GC). Values for phenotypic correlations were lower compared with the genetic and the range varied from 0.183 (RW-BWB) to 0.421 (GC-BWW). The weaker phenotype correlations can be interpreted as play of more complex genetic and residual factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1204733P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 6
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    Nutrition as factor of improvement of production of sheep milk on the territory of Stara Planina mountain
    National Library of Serbia ; 2006
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 22, No. 5-6 ( 2006), p. 55-62
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 22, No. 5-6 ( 2006), p. 55-62
    Abstract: U radu je analizirano sadasnje stanje u proizvodnji ovcijeg mleka (sa aspekta proizvodnje stocne hrane i ishrane) na podrucju pirotskog dela Stare planine. Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali da je postojeci sistem proizvodnje ekstenzivan i nezadovoljavajuci obzirom na agrarno-geografski potencijal. U cilju prevazilazenja takvog stanja, nase aktivnosti su bile usmerene na uvodjenje novih tehnoloskih postupaka u ishrani ovaca kao sto su: promena floristickog sastava pasnjaka pod uticajem djubrenja, planska eksploatacija pasnjaka i koriscenje senaze u ishrani ovaca za proizvodnju mleka.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH0606055R
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467240-3
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  • 7
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    Beef cattle welfare - risks and assurance
    National Library of Serbia ; 2015
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2015), p. 313-326
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2015), p. 313-326
    Abstract: Beef production is widespread all over the world but the legislation regarding welfare area of beef cattle is not specifically addressed and fully implemented. Beef cattle welfare assurance affects not only animals but is also a question of ethics and products quality. Today, it is possible to determine welfare quality state in feedlots through relevant methodology such is Welfare Quality? Assessment Protocol applied to fattening cattle. It enables implementation of improvement strategy regarding identified risks and causes of poor welfare. Different literature sources, based on welfare risk assessment, indicate major welfare problems in cattle kept for beef production. According to them, respiratory diseases are usually linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, digestive disorders are associated with intensive concentrate feeding, lack of physically effective fibre in the diet whilst behavioral disorders comes as a consequence of inadequate floor space, and commingling in the feedlot. Particular welfare problems are related to the implementation of animal husbandry methods-mutilation, which expose animals to pain and suffering. This paper gives a review of most important beef cattle welfare topics including recommendations for its assurance and improvement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1503313O
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 8
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    Genotype, sex and interaction effect on lamb growth traits
    National Library of Serbia ; 2015
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2015), p. 37-44
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2015), p. 37-44
    Abstract: The pure breeds and crossing have an important role in production. It is essential in sheep meat production to maintain the genetic diversity of the adapted breeds, pure breeds and their crosses. Objective of the study is to determine the impact of genotype and sex on growth traits of lambs. Results of the study showed that male of all genotypes were dominant on body weight in all ages (from BWB to BW90). The highest birth weight (BWB) got male of genotype 2 (W). The lowest body weight at birth was the female lambs of genotype 1 (P). Body weights at ages 30, 60 and 90 days, male and female of genotype 4 (PxWxF) were dominant among other genotypes. Genotype 1 (P) of both sexes had the lowest bodyweights in all ages (BWB, BW30, BW60, BW90). The result showed better growth efficiency from males compared with females. The results of fixed factors and its impact on body weights of lambs showed very significant effect of genotype (P〈0.01) on body weights of lambs at birth (BWB), ages 30, 60 and 90 days (BW30, BW60, BW90). The effect of sex had highly significant effects (P〈0.001) on all ages. The interaction between genotype x sex showed a very significant effect (P?0.01) on body weight at birth (BWB) but were not significant (P?0.05) on body weights of lambs at ages BW30, BW60 and BW90. Superiority on growth traits of genotype 4 (PxWxF) at ages 30, 60 and 90 days, indicating that three-bred crossing resulted in high growth traits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH1501037P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 9
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    Innovation of extensive system for milk production on Stara planina mountain
    National Library of Serbia ; 2007
    In:  Biotehnologija u stocarstvu Vol. 23, No. 1-2 ( 2007), p. 21-29
    Details
    In: Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 23, No. 1-2 ( 2007), p. 21-29
    Abstract: Poslednjih decenija, zastarela tehnologija proizvodnje je ucinila da mleko nije isplativ posao, pa je stocarstvo u planinskim krajevima dozivelo kolaps. U radu se analizira postojece stanje i koriste nova saznanja u proizvodnji ovcijeg i kravljeg mleka na malim farmama u centralnom delu Stare planine. Analiza rasne strukture pokazuje da u populaciji ovaca pirotske pramenke dnevna mlecnost varira od 0,3-0,5kg po grlu, odnosno 60-90 kg u laktaciji. U populaciji goveda, dnevna proizvodnja mleka iznosi 10-15 kg, dok se prosecna mlecnost u laktaciji krece od 2400-3000 kg. Primenom inoviranih resenja, kod ovaca je povecana mlecnost po grlu izmedju 8-10% dok kod boljih farmera, gde je uveden i dodatak koncentrata, mlecnost je popravljena za 15%. Prosecna kolicina mleka kod krava je povecana za 16,40%. Poboljsano je i zdravstveno stanje vimena, tako da mleko ne sadrzi veci broj somatskih celija nego sto je zakonom propisano.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-9156 , 2217-7140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/BAH0702021P
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2007
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  • 10
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    Determination of microstructural changes by severely plastically deformed copper-aluminum alloy: Optical study
    National Library of Serbia ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2014), p. 61-68
    Details
    In: Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, National Library of Serbia, Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2014), p. 61-68
    Abstract: Our work deals with the problem of producing a complex metal-ceramic composite using the processes of internal oxidation (IO) and severe plastic deformation. For this purpose, Cu-Al alloy with 0.4wt.% of Al was used. IO of sample serves in the first step of the processing as a means for attaining a fine dispersion of nanosized oxide particles in the metal matrix. Production technology continues with repeated application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) of the resulting metalmatrix composite to produce the bulk nanoscaled structural material. SPD was carried out with equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), which allowed that the material could be subjected to an intense plastic strain through simple shear. Microstructural characteristics of one phase and multiphase material was studied on internally oxidized Cu with 0.4wt.% of Al sample composed of one phase copper-aluminum solid solution in the core and fine dispersed oxide particles in the same matrix in the mantle region. In this manner AFM, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used. Local structures in plastically deformed samples reflect presence of Cu, CuO, Cu2O, Cu4O3 or Al2O3 structural characteristics, depending on type of sample.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1450-5339 , 2217-7175
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2298/JMMB140121007R
    Language: English
    Publisher: National Library of Serbia
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2381010-5
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